很多時間需要通過python來操作ES，在這裡記錄一個基本的方法。

1. 簡單的python API查詢

# coding=utf-8
from elasticsearch import Elasticsearch

es = Elasticsearch(hosts=['elastic:[email protected]*.*8:9200'])
query_all = {
    'query': {
        'match_all': {}
    }
}
# search
print('search:')
res = es.search(index="info", body=query_all)
print(res)
print("Got %d Hits:"
 
 % res['hits']['total'])
for hit in res['hits']['hits']:
    print("%(keyword)s%(title)s" % hit["_source"])
# get
print('get:')
res = es.get(index="info", doc_type='main', id=2)
print('res:', res)

執行結果：

search:
{'_shards': {'failed': 0, 'skipped': 0, 'total': 5, 'successful': 5}, 'took': 0, 'hits': {'max_score'
 
: 1.0, 'total': 2, 'hits': [{'_id': '2', '_score': 1.0, '_index': 'info', '_source': {'title': ['醋加一寶90歲都不老'], 'keyword': ['補腎', '黑芝麻糊', '三文魚', '紅酒', '養顏']}, '_type': 'main'}, {'_id': '1', '_score': 1.0, '_index': 'info', '_source': {'title': ['部分醫療機構可預約宮頸癌疫苗 專家詳解接種注意事項'], 'keyword': ['HPV', '疫苗', '宮頸癌'
 
, '接種', '感染']}, '_type': 'main'}]}, 'timed_out': False}
Got 2 Hits:
['補腎', '黑芝麻糊', '三文魚', '紅酒', '養顏']['醋加一寶90歲都不老']
['HPV', '疫苗', '宮頸癌', '接種', '感染']['部分醫療機構可預約宮頸癌疫苗 專家詳解接種注意事項']
get:
res: {'_version': 1, 'found': True, '_source': {'title': ['醋加一寶90歲都不老'], 'keyword': ['補腎', '黑芝麻糊', '三文魚', '紅酒', '養顏']}, '_id': '2', '_index': 'info', '_type': 'main'}

2. 資料庫連線錯誤

GET http://192.168.7.38:9200/index/fulltext/_search [status:401 request:0.004s]
elasticsearch.exceptions.AuthenticationException: TransportError(401, 'security_exception', 'missing authentication token for REST request [/index/fulltext/_search]')

這是一個授權問題。
把hosts寫成這樣：elastic:[email protected]*.38:9200

3. python批量操作

# coding=utf-8

from elasticsearch import Elasticsearch
from elasticsearch.helpers import bulk

es = Elasticsearch(hosts=['elastic:[email protected]*.*8:9200'])

# 批量索引文件
actions = []
action = {"_index": "kad_info",
          "_type": "articles",
          "_id": "1",
          "_source": {
              "article_crawtime": "2017-03-10 15:05:00",
              "keywords01": "輔助用藥 蕪湖市 轉化糖電解質注射液",
              "keywords02": [{"keyword": "輔助用藥", "weight": 0.9}, {"keyword": "蕪湖市", "weight": 0.8},
                             {"keyword": "轉化糖電解質注射液", "weight": 0.7}],
              "title": ";01又有21個品種進輔助用藥目錄01;"
          }}
actions.append(action)
action = {"_index": "kad_info",
          "_type": "articles",
          "_id": "2",
          "_source": {
              "article_crawtime": "2017-03-10 15:05:00",
              "keywords01": "輔助用藥 蕪湖市 轉化糖電解質注射液",
              "keywords02": [{"keyword": "輔助用藥", "weight": 0.9}, {"keyword": "蕪湖市", "weight": 0.8},
                             {"keyword": "轉化糖電解質注射液", "weight": 0.7}],
              "title": ";02又有21個品種進輔助用藥目錄01;"
          }}
actions.append(action)
rs = bulk(es, actions=actions)
print('成功插入%d個文件...' % (rs[0]))

執行結果：

成功插入2個文件...