1. 程式人生 > >張季躍 201771010139《面向物件程式設計(java)》第十五週學習總結

張季躍 201771010139《面向物件程式設計(java)》第十五週學習總結

 

張季躍 201771010139《面向物件程式設計(java)》第十五周學習總結

第一部分:理論知識學習部分

第13章 部署應用程式:

 JAR檔案:

  1. Java程式的打包:程式編譯完成後,程式設計師 將.class檔案壓縮打包為.jar檔案後,GUI介面 程式就可以直接雙擊圖示執行。
  2. .jar檔案(Java歸檔)既可以包含類檔案,也可 以包含諸如影象和聲音這些其它型別的檔案。
  3. JAR檔案是壓縮的,它使用ZIP壓縮格式.
  4. 清單檔案

(1) 每個JAR檔案中包含一個用於描述歸檔特徵的清單文 件(manifest)。清單檔案被命名為MANIFEST.MF,它 位於JAR檔案的一個特殊的META-INF子目錄中。

(2) 最小的符合標準的清單檔案是很簡單的: Manifest-Version:1.0 複雜的清單檔案包含多個條目,這些條目被分成 多個節。第一節被稱為主節,作用於整個JAR檔案。 隨後的條目用來指定已命名條目的屬性,可以是檔案 、包或者URL。

(3) 清單檔案的節與節之間用空行分開,最後一行必須以 換行符結束。否則,清單檔案將無法被正確地讀取.

     5.資源:

 

       (1) Java中,應用程式使用的類通常需要一些相關的數 據檔案,這些檔案稱為資源(Resource)。 –影象和聲音檔案。 –帶有訊息字串和按鈕標籤的文字檔案。 –二進位制資料檔案,如:描述地圖佈局的檔案。

 

(2) 類載入器知道如何搜尋類檔案,直到在類路徑、 存檔檔案或Web伺服器上找到為止。

 

(3)利用資源機制對於非類檔案也可以進行同樣操作 ,具體步驟如下: – 獲得資源的Class物件。 – 如果資源是一個影象或聲音檔案,那麼就需要呼叫 getresource(filename)獲得資源的URL位置,然後利 用getImage或getAudioClip方法進行讀取。 – 如果資源是文字或二進位制檔案,那麼就可以使用 getResouceAsStream方法讀取檔案中的資料.

 

(4)資原始檔可以與類檔案放在同一個目錄中,也可 以將資原始檔放在其它子目錄中.

 

第二部分:實驗操作:

1、實驗目的與要求

(1) 掌握Java應用程式的打包操作;

(2) 瞭解應用程式儲存配置資訊的兩種方法;

(3) 掌握基於JNLP協議的java Web Start應用程式的釋出方法;

(5) 掌握Java GUI 程式設計技術。

 

2、實驗內容和步驟

實驗1: 匯入第13章示例程式,測試程式並進行程式碼註釋。

測試程式1

elipse IDE中除錯執行教材585頁程式13-1,結合程式執行結果理解程式;

將所生成的JAR檔案移到另外一個不同的目錄中,再執行該歸檔檔案,以便確認程式是從JAR檔案中,而不是從當前目錄中讀取的資源。

掌握建立JAR檔案的方法;

 

package resource;

import java.awt.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
import java.util.*;
import javax.swing.*;

/**
 * @version 1.41 2015-06-12
 * @author Cay Horstmann
 */
public class ResourceTest
{
   public static void main(String[] args)
   {
      EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
         JFrame frame = new ResourceTestFrame();
         frame.setTitle("ResourceTest");
         frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
         frame.setVisible(true);
      });
   }
}

/**
 * 一個載入影象和文字資源的框架
 */
class ResourceTestFrame extends JFrame
{
   private static final int DEFAULT_WIDTH = 300;
   private static final int DEFAULT_HEIGHT = 300;

   public ResourceTestFrame()
   {
      setSize(DEFAULT_WIDTH, DEFAULT_HEIGHT);
      //返回類,並查詢帶有給定名稱的資源。
      URL aboutURL = getClass().getResource("about.gif");
      Image img = new ImageIcon(aboutURL).getImage();
      //利用about.gif影象檔案製作圖示,在找到ResourceTest類的地方查詢about.gif檔案
      setIconImage(img);
      //讀取資料夾內容,寫入到文字區中
      JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea();
      //建立文字區
      InputStream stream = getClass().getResourceAsStream("about.txt");
      try (Scanner in = new Scanner(stream, "UTF-8"))
      {
         while (in.hasNext())
            textArea.append(in.nextLine() + "\n");
      }
      add(textArea);
   }
}

測試結果:

 

 

測試程式2

elipse IDE中除錯執行教材583-584程式13-2,結合程式執行結果理解程式;

瞭解Properties類中常用的方法;

測試程式碼:

 

package properties;

import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.Properties;

import javax.swing.*;

/**
 * A program to test properties. The program remembers the frame position, size,
 * and title.
 * @version 1.01 2015-06-16
 * @author Cay Horstmann
 */
public class PropertiesTest
{
   public static void main(String[] args)
   {
      EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
         PropertiesFrame frame = new PropertiesFrame();
         frame.setVisible(true);
      });
   }
}

/**
 * A frame that restores position and size from a properties file and updates
 * the properties upon exit.
 */
class PropertiesFrame extends JFrame
{
   private static final int DEFAULT_WIDTH = 300;
   private static final int DEFAULT_HEIGHT = 200;

   private File propertiesFile;
   private Properties settings;

   public PropertiesFrame()
   {
      // 從屬性中獲取位置、大小和標題

      String userDir = System.getProperty("user.home");
      //(讀取單個鍵)找出使用者的主目錄,主目錄包含user.home
      File propertiesDir = new File(userDir, ".corejava");
      if (!propertiesDir.exists()) propertiesDir.mkdir();
      propertiesFile = new File(propertiesDir, "program.properties");
      //把所有預設值放在一個二級屬性對映中,並在主屬性對映的構造器中提供這個二級屬性
      Properties defaultSettings = new Properties();
      defaultSettings.setProperty("left", "0");
      defaultSettings.setProperty("top", "0");
      defaultSettings.setProperty("width", "" + DEFAULT_WIDTH);
      defaultSettings.setProperty("height", "" + DEFAULT_HEIGHT);
      defaultSettings.setProperty("title", "");

      settings = new Properties(defaultSettings);

      if (propertiesFile.exists()) 
         try (InputStream in = new FileInputStream(propertiesFile))
         {         
            settings.load(in);
         }
         catch (IOException ex)
         {
            ex.printStackTrace();
         }

      int left = Integer.parseInt(settings.getProperty("left"));
      int top = Integer.parseInt(settings.getProperty("top"));
      int width = Integer.parseInt(settings.getProperty("width"));
      int height = Integer.parseInt(settings.getProperty("height"));
      setBounds(left, top, width, height);

      // 如果沒有標題,詢問使用者

      String title = settings.getProperty("title");
      if (title.equals(""))
         title = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Please supply a frame title:");
      if (title == null) title = "";
      setTitle(title);
      //新增指定的視窗偵聽器,以從此視窗接收視窗事件
      addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter()
      {
         public void windowClosing(WindowEvent event)
         {
            settings.setProperty("left", "" + getX());
            settings.setProperty("top", "" + getY());
            settings.setProperty("width", "" + getWidth());
            settings.setProperty("height", "" + getHeight());
            settings.setProperty("title", getTitle());
            try (OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(propertiesFile))
            {
               settings.store(out, "Program Properties");
            }
            catch (IOException ex)
            {
               ex.printStackTrace();
            }
            System.exit(0);
         }
      });
   }
}

 

測試結果:

 

測試程式3

elipse IDE中除錯執行教材593-594程式13-3,結合程式執行結果理解程式;

瞭解Preferences類中常用的方法;

測試程式碼:

 

package preferences;

import java.awt.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.prefs.*;

import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.filechooser.*;

/**
 * A program to test preference settings. The program remembers the frame
 * position, size, and title.
 * @version 1.03 2015-06-12
 * @author Cay Horstmann
 */
public class PreferencesTest
{
   public static void main(String[] args)
   {
      EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
         PreferencesFrame frame = new PreferencesFrame();
         frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
         frame.setVisible(true);
      });
   }
}

/**
 * A frame that restores position and size from user preferences and updates the
 * preferences upon exit.
 */
class PreferencesFrame extends JFrame
{
   private static final int DEFAULT_WIDTH = 300;
   private static final int DEFAULT_HEIGHT = 200;
   private Preferences root = Preferences.userRoot();
   private Preferences node = root.node("/com/horstmann/corejava");
   // 定義節點路徑名
   public PreferencesFrame()
   {
      // 從偏好獲得位置、大小、標題

      int left = node.getInt("left", 0);
      int top = node.getInt("top", 0);
      int width = node.getInt("width", DEFAULT_WIDTH);
      int height = node.getInt("height", DEFAULT_HEIGHT);
      setBounds(left, top, width, height);

      // 如果沒有標題,詢問使用者

      String title = node.get("title", "");
      if (title.equals(""))
         title = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Please supply a frame title:");
      if (title == null) title = "";
      setTitle(title);

      // 設定顯示XML檔案的檔案選擇器

      final JFileChooser chooser = new JFileChooser();
      chooser.setCurrentDirectory(new File("."));
      chooser.setFileFilter(new FileNameExtensionFilter("XML files", "xml"));

      // 設定選單

      JMenuBar menuBar = new JMenuBar();
      setJMenuBar(menuBar);
      JMenu menu = new JMenu("File");
      menuBar.add(menu);

      JMenuItem exportItem = new JMenuItem("Export preferences");
      menu.add(exportItem);
      exportItem
            .addActionListener(event -> {
               if (chooser.showSaveDialog(PreferencesFrame.this) == JFileChooser.APPROVE_OPTION)
               {
                  try
                  {
                     savePreferences();
                     OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(chooser
                           .getSelectedFile());
                     node.exportSubtree(out);
                     out.close();
                  }
                  catch (Exception e)
                  {
                     e.printStackTrace();
                  }
               }
            });

      JMenuItem importItem = new JMenuItem("Import preferences");
      menu.add(importItem);
      importItem
            .addActionListener(event -> {
               if (chooser.showOpenDialog(PreferencesFrame.this) == JFileChooser.APPROVE_OPTION)
               {
                  try
                  {
                     InputStream in = new FileInputStream(chooser
                           .getSelectedFile());
                     Preferences.importPreferences(in);
                     in.close();
                  }
                  catch (Exception e)
                  {
                     e.printStackTrace();
                  }
               }
            });

      JMenuItem exitItem = new JMenuItem("Exit");
      menu.add(exitItem);
      exitItem.addActionListener(event -> {
         savePreferences();
         System.exit(0);
      });
   }
   
   public void savePreferences() 
   {
      node.putInt("left", getX());
      node.putInt("top", getY());
      node.putInt("width", getWidth());
      node.putInt("height", getHeight());
      node.put("title", getTitle());      
   }
}

 

測試結果:

 

測試程式4

elipse IDE中除錯執行教材619-622程式13-6,結合程式執行結果理解程式;

掌握基於JNLP協議的java Web Start應用程式的釋出方法。

測試程式碼:

 

package webstart;

import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;

/**
 * A calculator with a calculation history that can be deployed as a Java Web Start application.
 * @version 1.04 2015-06-12
 * @author Cay Horstmann
 */
public class Calculator
{
   public static void main(String[] args)
   {
      EventQueue.invokeLater(() ->             {
               CalculatorFrame frame = new CalculatorFrame();
               frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
               frame.setVisible(true);
         });
   }
}

 

package webstart;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;

import javax.jnlp.BasicService;
import javax.jnlp.FileContents;
import javax.jnlp.FileOpenService;
import javax.jnlp.FileSaveService;
import javax.jnlp.PersistenceService;
import javax.jnlp.ServiceManager;
import javax.jnlp.UnavailableServiceException;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JMenu;
import javax.swing.JMenuBar;
import javax.swing.JMenuItem;
import javax.swing.JOptionPane;

/**
 * A frame with a calculator panel and a menu to load and save the calculator history.
 */
public class CalculatorFrame extends JFrame
{
   private CalculatorPanel panel;

   public CalculatorFrame()
   {
      setTitle();
      panel = new CalculatorPanel();
      add(panel);

      JMenu fileMenu = new JMenu("File");
      JMenuBar menuBar = new JMenuBar();
      menuBar.add(fileMenu);
      setJMenuBar(menuBar);

      JMenuItem openItem = fileMenu.add("Open");
      openItem.addActionListener(event -> open());
      JMenuItem saveItem = fileMenu.add("Save");
      saveItem.addActionListener(event -> save());
      
      pack();
   }

   /**
    * Gets the title from the persistent store or asks the user for the title if there is no prior
    * entry.
    */
   public void setTitle()
   {
      try
      {
         String title = null;

         BasicService basic = (BasicService) ServiceManager.lookup("javax.jnlp.BasicService");
         URL codeBase = basic.getCodeBase();

         PersistenceService service = (PersistenceService) ServiceManager
               .lookup("javax.jnlp.PersistenceService");
         URL key = new URL(codeBase, "title");

         try
         {
            FileContents contents = service.get(key);
            InputStream in = contents.getInputStream();
            BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
            title = reader.readLine();
         }
         catch (FileNotFoundException e)
         {
            title = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Please supply a frame title:");
            if (title == null) return;

            service.create(key, 100);
            FileContents contents = service.get(key);
            OutputStream out = contents.getOutputStream(true);
            PrintStream printOut = new PrintStream(out);
            printOut.print(title);
         }
         setTitle(title);
      }
      catch (UnavailableServiceException | IOException e)
      {
         JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, e);
      }
   }

   /**
    * Opens a history file and updates the display.
    */
   public void open()
   {
      try
      {
         FileOpenService service = (FileOpenService) ServiceManager
               .lookup("javax.jnlp.FileOpenService");
         FileContents contents = service.openFileDialog(".", new String[] { "txt" });

         JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, contents.getName());
         if (contents != null)
         {
            InputStream in = contents.getInputStream();
            BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
            String line;
            while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null)
            {
               panel.append(line);
               panel.append("\n");
            }
         }
      }
      catch (UnavailableServiceException e)
      {
         JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, e);
      }
      catch (IOException e)
      {
         JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, e);
      }
   }

   /**
    * Saves the calculator history to a file.
    */
   public void save()
   {
      try
      {
         ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
         PrintStream printOut = new PrintStream(out);
         printOut.print(panel.getText());
         InputStream data = new ByteArrayInputStream(out.toByteArray());
         FileSaveService service = (FileSaveService) ServiceManager
               .lookup("javax.jnlp.FileSaveService");
         service.saveFileDialog(".", new String[] { "txt" }, data, "calc.txt");
      }
      catch (UnavailableServiceException e)
      {
         JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, e);
      }
      catch (IOException e)
      {
         JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, e);
      }
   }
}
package webstart;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.text.*;

/**
   A panel with calculator buttons and a result display.
*/
public class CalculatorPanel extends JPanel
{  
   private JTextArea display;
   private JPanel panel;
   private double result;
   private String lastCommand;
   private boolean start;

   /**
      Lays out the panel.
   */
   public CalculatorPanel()
   {  
      setLayout(new BorderLayout());

      result = 0;
      lastCommand = "=";
      start = true;
      
      // add the display

      display = new JTextArea(10, 20);

      add(new JScrollPane(display), BorderLayout.NORTH);
      
      ActionListener insert = new InsertAction();
      ActionListener command = new CommandAction();

      // add the buttons in a 4 x 4 grid

      panel = new JPanel();
      panel.setLayout(new GridLayout(4, 4));

      addButton("7", insert);
      addButton("8", insert);
      addButton("9", insert);
      addButton("/", command);

      addButton("4", insert);
      addButton("5", insert);
      addButton("6", insert);
      addButton("*", command);

      addButton("1", insert);
      addButton("2", insert);
      addButton("3", insert);
      addButton("-", command);

      addButton("0", insert);
      addButton(".", insert);
      addButton("=", command);
      addButton("+", command);

      add(panel, BorderLayout.CENTER);
   }

   /**
      Gets the history text.
      @return the calculator history
   */
   public String getText()
   {
      return display.getText();
   }
   
   /**
      Appends a string to the history text.
      @param s the string to append
   */
   public void append(String s)
   {
      display.append(s);
   }

   /**
      Adds a button to the center panel.
      @param label the button label
      @param listener the button listener
   */
   private void addButton(String label, ActionListener listener)
   {  
      JButton button = new JButton(label);
      button.addActionListener(listener);
      panel.add(button);
   }

   /**
      This action inserts the button action string to the
      end of the display text.
   */
   private class InsertAction implements ActionListener
   {
      public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
      {
         String input = event.getActionCommand();
         start = false;
         display.append(input);
      }
   }

   /**
      This action executes the command that the button
      action string denotes.
   */
   private class CommandAction implements ActionListener
   {
      public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
      {  
         String command = event.getActionCommand();

         if (start)
         {  
            if (command.equals("-")) 
            { 
               display.append(command); 
               start = false; 
            }
            else 
               lastCommand = command;
         }
         else
         {  
            try
            {
               int lines = display.getLineCount();
               int lineStart = display.getLineStartOffset(lines - 1);
               int lineEnd = display.getLineEndOffset(lines - 1);
               String value = display.getText(lineStart, lineEnd - lineStart);
               display.append(" ");
               display.append(command); 
               calculate(Double.parseDouble(value));
               if (command.equals("="))
                  display.append("\n" + result);
               lastCommand = command;
               display.append("\n");
               start = true;
            }
            catch (BadLocationException e)
            {
               e.printStackTrace();
            }
         }
      }
   }

   /**
      Carries out the pending calculation. 
      @param x the value to be accumulated with the prior result.
   */
   public void calculate(double x)
   {
      if (lastCommand.equals("+")) result += x;
      else if (lastCommand.equals("-")) result -= x;
      else if (lastCommand.equals("*")) result *= x;
      else if (lastCommand.equals("/")) result /= x;
      else if (lastCommand.equals("=")) result = x;
   }  
}

 

實驗2:GUI綜合程式設計練習

按實驗十四分組名單,組內討論完成以下程式設計任務:

練習1:採用GUI介面設計以下程式,並進行部署與釋出:

編制一個程式,將身份證號.txt 中的資訊讀入到記憶體中;

按姓名字典序輸出人員資訊;

查詢最大年齡的人員資訊;

查詢最小年齡人員資訊;

輸入你的年齡,查詢身份證號.txt中年齡與你最近人的姓名、身份證號、年齡、性別和出生地;

查詢人員中是否有你的同鄉。

輸入身份證資訊,查詢所提供身份證號的人員資訊,要求輸入一個身份證數字時,查詢介面就顯示滿足查詢條件的查詢結果,且隨著輸入的數字的增多,查詢匹配的範圍逐漸縮小。

 

測試程式碼:

 

package IDcard;

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.Timer;
import javax.swing.*;

public class Main1 extends JFrame
{
    private static ArrayList<Person> Personlist;
    
    
    Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
    File file = new File("C:\\Users\\張季躍\\Desktop\\第十週實驗報告\\身份證號.txt");
    
    private JPanel Panel;
    private JLabel JLabel1;
    private JButton Button,Button2,Button3;
    private JTextArea text,text1,text2,text3;
    boolean tru=true;
    
    
    
    public  Main1() {

        
        Panel = new JPanel();Panel.setLayout(null);
        Button = new JButton("1:按姓名字典序輸出人員資訊");
        Button2 = new JButton("2:查詢最大年齡與最小年齡人員資訊");
        Button3 = new JButton("查詢相近年齡");
        JLabel1 = new JLabel("輸入身份證號或者地址查詢");
        JLabel1.setBounds(900, 50, 400, 30);
        
        text=new JTextArea(30,80);text.setBounds(50, 180, 700, 700);
        text1=new JTextArea(1,30);text1.setBounds(900, 80, 400, 30);
        text2=new JTextArea(30,80);text2.setBounds(900,180,700, 700);
        text3=new JTextArea(30,80);text3.setBounds(420,100,200,40);
       
        Button.addActionListener(new Action());Button.setBounds(50,50,300,40);
        Button2.addActionListener(new Action1());Button2.setBounds(50,100,300,40);
        Button3.addActionListener(new Action2());Button3.setBounds(650,100,120,40);
        Panel.add(JLabel1);
        Panel.add(Button);
        Panel.add(Button2);
        Panel.add(Button3);
        Panel.add(text);
        Panel.add(text2);
        Panel.add(text1);
        Panel.add(text3);
        add(Panel);
        
        
        Timer timer = new Timer();      
        TimerTask timeTask=new TimerTask() {
            
             @Override
            public void run()
             {             
                     // TODO Auto-generated method stub
                     text2.setText(null);
                     String place=text1.getText().toString().trim();
                     for (int i = 0; i <Personlist.size(); i++) 
                     {
                         
                         String Str=(String)Personlist.get(i).getbirthplace();
                         if(Str.contains(place)&&!place.equals("")) 
                             {
                             text2.append(Personlist.get(i).toString());
                             }  
                    }      
                     for (int i = 0; i <Personlist.size(); i++) 
                     {
                         
                         String Str=(String)Personlist.get(i).getID();
                         if(Str.contains(place)&&!place.equals("")) 
                             {
                             text2.append(Personlist.get(i).toString());
                             }  
                    }    
                     
            }
            
        };timer.schedule(timeTask, 0,100);
     
        Personlist = new ArrayList<>();       
        try {
            FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(file);
            BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(fis));
            String temp = null;
            while ((temp = in.readLine()) != null) {            
                Scanner linescanner = new Scanner(temp);               
                linescanner.useDelimiter(" ");    
                String name = linescanner.next();
                String ID = linescanner.next();
                String sex = linescanner.next();
                String age = linescanner.next();
                String place =linescanner.nextLine();
                Person Person = new Person();
                Person.setname(name);
                Person.setID(ID);
                Person.setsex(sex);
                int a = Integer.parseInt(age);
                Person.setage(a);
                Person.setbirthplace(place);
                Personlist.add(Person);

            }
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            System.out.println("查無此人");
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            System.out.println("讀取出錯");
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
 
        
    }
    
    


    private class Action implements ActionListener
    {
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
        {        
         text.setText(null);
         Collections.sort(Personlist);
         text.append(Personlist.toString());
        }

    }         

    private class Action1 implements ActionListener
        {
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
            {        
            text.setText(null);
            int max=0,min=100;int j,k1 = 0,k2=0;
            for(int i=1;i<Personlist.size();i++)
            {
                j=Personlist.get(i).getage();
               if(j>max)
               {
                   max=j; 
                   k1=i;
               }
               if(j<min)
               {
                   min=j; 
                   k2=i;
               }
            }  
            text.append("年齡最大:   "+Personlist.get(k1)+"\n"+"年齡最小:  "+Personlist.get(k2));     
            }
   
        }          

    private class Action2 implements ActionListener
    {
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
        {        
         text.setText(null);
         int a = Integer.parseInt(text3.getText().toString().trim());         
         int d_value=a-Personlist.get(agenear(a)).getage();
         
         for (int i = 0; i < Personlist.size(); i++)
         {
             int p=Personlist.get(i).getage()-a;
            
             if(p==d_value||-p==d_value) text.append(Personlist.get(i).toString());
         } 
        }

    } 
    
    
    public static int agenear(int age) {
        
        int j=0,min=53,d_value=0,k=0;
         for (int i = 0; i < Personlist.size(); i++)
         {
             d_value=Personlist.get(i).getage()-age;
             if(d_value<0) d_value=-d_value; 
             if (d_value<min) 
             {
                min=d_value;
                k=i;
             }

          }    return k;
         
      }

}
package IDcard;

public class Person implements Comparable<Person> {
private String name;
private String ID;
private int age;
private String sex;
private String birthplace;

public String getname() 
{
    return name;
}
public void setname(String name) 
{
    this.name = name;
}
public String getID() 
{
    return ID;
}
public void setID(String ID) 
{
    this.ID= ID;
}
public int getage()
{
    return age;
}
public void setage(int age) 
{
    this.age= age;
}
public String getsex()
{
    return sex;
}
public void setsex(String sex)
{
    this.sex= sex;
}
public String getbirthplace() 
{
    return birthplace;
}
public void setbirthplace(String birthplace)
{
    this.birthplace= birthplace;
}

public int compareTo(Person o) 
{
   return this.name.compareTo(o.getname());
}

public String toString() 
{
    return  name+"\t"+sex+"\t"+age+"\t"+ID+"\t"+birthplace+"\n";

}



}
package IDcard;

import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.Toolkit;

import javax.swing.JFrame;

public class Out {

     public static void main (String args[])
        {
             Toolkit t=Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit();
            Dimension s=t.getScreenSize(); 
            EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
                JFrame frame = new Main1();
                frame.setBounds(0, 0,(int)s.getWidth(),(int)s.getHeight());
                frame.setTitle("第四組");
                frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
                frame.setVisible(true);
             });        
        }
 
}

 

 

測試結果:

 

 

練習2:採用GUI介面設計以下程式,並進行部署與釋出

編寫一個計算器類,可以完成加、減、乘、除的操作

利用計算機類,設計一個小學生100以內數的四則運算練習程式,由計算機隨機產生10道加減乘除練習題,學生輸入答案,由程式檢查答案是否正確,每道題正確計10分,錯誤不計分,10道題測試結束後給出測試總分;

將程式中測試練習題及學生答題結果輸出到檔案,檔名為test.txt。

測試程式碼:

 

package test;

import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.Toolkit;

import javax.swing.JFrame;

public class New {

     public static void main (String args[])
        {
             Toolkit t=Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit();
            Dimension s=t.getScreenSize(); 
            EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
                JFrame frame = new Demo();
                frame.setBounds(0, 0,(int)s.getWidth()/2,(int)s.getHeight()/2);
                frame.setTitle("第四組");
                frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
                frame.setVisible(true);
             });        
        }
 
}
package test;

import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Scanner;

import javax.swing.*;

import java.math.*;


public class Demo extends JFrame {
    
    private String[] c=new String[10];
    private String[] c1=new String[10];
    private int[] list=new int[10];
    int i=0,i1=0,sum = 0;
    private PrintWriter out = null;
    private JTextArea text,text1;
    private int counter;
    
    public Demo()  {
        JPanel Panel = new JPanel();
        Panel.setLayout(null);
        JLabel JLabel1=new JLabel("");
        JLabel1.setBounds(500, 800, 400, 30);
        JLabel1.setFont(new Font("Courier",Font.PLAIN,35));
        JButton Button = new JButton("生成題目");
        Button.setBounds(50,150,150,50);
        Button.setFont(new Font("Courier",Font.PLAIN,20)); 
        Button.addActionListener(new Action());
        JButton Button2 = new JButton("確定答案");
        Button2.setBounds(300,150,150,50);
        Button2.setFont(new Font("Courier",Font.PLAIN,20));
        Button2.addActionListener(new Action1());
        JButton Button3 = new JButton("讀出檔案");
        Button3.setBounds(500,150,150,50);
        Button3.setFont(new Font("Courier",Font.PLAIN,20));
        Button3.addActionListener(new Action2());
         text=new JTextArea(30,80);text.setBounds(30, 50, 200, 50);
         text.setFont(new Font("Courier",Font.PLAIN,35));
         text1=new JTextArea(30,80);
         text1.setBounds(270, 50, 200, 50);
         text1.setFont(new Font("Courier",Font.PLAIN,35));

         Panel.add(text);
         Panel.add(text1);

         Panel.add(Button);
         Panel.add(Button2);
         Panel.add(Button3);
         Panel.add(JLabel1);
         add(Panel);
         
         
         


           
                  
    }
    
    private class Action implements ActionListener
    {
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
        {        
        text1.setText("0");
        if(i<10) {
        
        int a = 1+(int)(Math.random() * 99);
        int b = 1+(int)(Math.random() * 99);
        int m= (int) Math.round(Math.random() * 3);
      switch(m)
      {
      case 0:
          while(a<b){  
              b = (int) Math.round(Math.random() * 100);
              a = (int) Math.round(Math.random() * 100); 
          }  
          c[i]=(i+":"+a+"/"+b+"=");
          list[i]=Math.floorDiv(a, b);
          text.setText(i+":"+a+"/"+b+"=");
          i++;   
          break; 
      case 1:
          c[i]=(i+":"+a+"*"+b+"=");
                list[i]=Math.multiplyExact(a, b);
                text.setText(i+":"+a+"*"+b+"=");        
           i++;
          break;
       case 2:
          c[i]=(i+":"+a+"+"+b+"=");
                list[i]=Math.addExact(a, b);
          text.setText(i+":"+a+"+"+b+"=");
          i++;
          break ;
      case 3:
          while(a<=b){  
              b = (int) Math.round(Math.random() * 100);
              a = (int) Math.round(Math.random() * 100); 
          }    
          c[i]=(i+":"+a+"-"+b+"=");
          text.setText(i+":"+a+"-"+b+"=");
          list[i]=Math.subtractExact(a, b);
          i++;
          break ;
          }
        }
      }
    }      
    private class Action1 implements ActionListener
    {
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
        {    
            if(i<10) {
                text.setText(null);        
                String daan=text1.getText().toString().trim();
                int a = Integer.parseInt(daan);
                if(text1.getText()!="") {
                    if(list[i1]==a) sum+=10;
                }        
                c1[i1]=daan;
                i1++; 
            }
        }
    }      
    

    private class Action2 implements ActionListener
    {
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
            {
         
            try {
                out = new PrintWriter("text.txt");
            } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            for(int counter=0;counter<10;counter++)
            {
                out.println(c[counter]+c1[counter]);
            }
            out.println("成績"+sum);
            out.close();

            }

    }   
}

 

測試結果:

 

 第三部分:實驗總結:

      在這一週的學習過程中,我主要學習了有關部署應用程式的知識,即進一步加深瞭解瞭如何用圖形的方式來顯示使用者操作介面,這種顯示方式讓使用者操作介面更加簡潔明瞭。但是,在做實驗的時候,我發現我對於這一部分的知識掌握的很差,特別是在自主完成實驗時,就算有同組的兩名同學幫助,還是有太多的地方不懂,最後還是在參考同學的程式的前提下才完成的實驗。