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Swagger2構建強大的RESTful API文件實戰

一 點睛

RESTful API的重磅好夥伴Swagger2,它可以輕鬆的整合到Spring Boot中,並與Spring MVC程式配合組織出強大RESTful API文件。它既可以減少我們建立文件的工作量,同時說明內容又整合入實現程式碼中,讓維護文件和修改程式碼整合為一體,可以讓我們在修改程式碼邏輯的同時方便的修改文件說明。另外Swagger2也提供了強大的頁面測試功能來除錯每個RESTful API。

二 實戰

1 新增Swagger2依賴

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
        <artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId>
        <version>2.2.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
        <artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId>
        <version>2.2.2</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

2 建立配置類Swagger2

/*
通過@Configuration註解,讓Spring來載入該類配置。再通過@EnableSwagger2註解來啟用Swagger2。
再通過createRestApi函式建立Docket的Bean之後,apiInfo()用來建立該Api的基本資訊(這些基本資訊會展現在文件頁面中)。select()函式返回一個ApiSelectorBuilder例項用來控制哪些介面暴露給Swagger來展現,本例採用指定掃描的包路徑來定義,Swagger會掃描該包下所有Controller定義的API,併產生文件內容(除了被@ApiIgnore指定的請求)。
*/
package com.didispace;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import springfox.documentation.builders.ApiInfoBuilder;
import springfox.documentation.builders.PathSelectors;
import springfox.documentation.builders.RequestHandlerSelectors;
import springfox.documentation.service.ApiInfo;
import springfox.documentation.spi.DocumentationType;
import springfox.documentation.spring.web.plugins.Docket;
import springfox.documentation.swagger2.annotations.EnableSwagger2;


@Configuration
@EnableSwagger2
public class Swagger2 {

    @Bean
    public Docket createRestApi() {
        return new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2)
                .apiInfo(apiInfo())
                .select()
                .apis(RequestHandlerSelectors.basePackage("com.didispace.web"))
                .paths(PathSelectors.any())
                .build();
    }

    private ApiInfo apiInfo() {
        return new ApiInfoBuilder()
                .title("Spring Boot中使用Swagger2構建RESTful APIs")
                .description("更多Spring Boot相關文章請關注:http://blog.didispace.com/")
                .termsOfServiceUrl("http://blog.didispace.com/")
                .contact("程式猿DD")
                .version("1.0")
                .build();
    }

}

3 新增控制器UserController

/*
通過@ApiOperation註解來給API增加說明、通過@ApiImplicitParams、@ApiImplicitParam註解來給引數增加說明。
*/
package com.didispace.web;

import com.didispace.domain.User;

import java.util.*;

import io.swagger.annotations.*;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;


@RestController
@RequestMapping(value="/users")     // 通過這裡配置使下面的對映都在/users下,可去除
public class UserController {

    static Map<Long, User> users = Collections.synchronizedMap(new HashMap<Long, User>());

    @ApiOperation(value="獲取使用者列表", notes="")
    @RequestMapping(value={""}, method=RequestMethod.GET)
    public List<User> getUserList() {
        List<User> r = new ArrayList<User>(users.values());
        return r;
    }

    @ApiOperation(value="建立使用者", notes="根據User物件建立使用者")
    @ApiImplicitParam(name = "user", value = "使用者詳細實體user", required = true, dataType = "User")
    @RequestMapping(value="", method=RequestMethod.POST)
    public String postUser(@RequestBody User user) {
        users.put(user.getId(), user);
        return "success";
    }

    @ApiOperation(value="獲取使用者詳細資訊", notes="根據url的id來獲取使用者詳細資訊")
    @ApiImplicitParam(name = "id", value = "使用者ID", required = true, dataType = "Long", paramType = "path")
    @RequestMapping(value="/{id}", method=RequestMethod.GET)
    public User getUser(@PathVariable Long id) {
        return users.get(id);
    }

    @ApiOperation(value="更新使用者詳細資訊", notes="根據url的id來指定更新物件,並根據傳過來的user資訊來更新使用者詳細資訊")
    @ApiImplicitParams({
            @ApiImplicitParam(name = "id", value = "使用者ID", required = true, dataType = "Long", paramType = "path"),
            @ApiImplicitParam(name = "user", value = "使用者詳細實體user", required = true, dataType = "User")
    })
    @RequestMapping(value="/{id}", method=RequestMethod.PUT)
    public String putUser(@PathVariable Long id, @RequestBody User user) {
        User u = users.get(id);
        u.setName(user.getName());
        u.setAge(user.getAge());
        users.put(id, u);
        return "success";
    }

    @ApiOperation(value="刪除使用者", notes="根據url的id來指定刪除物件")
    @ApiImplicitParam(name = "id", value = "使用者ID", required = true, dataType = "Long", paramType = "path")
    @RequestMapping(value="/{id}", method=RequestMethod.DELETE)
    public String deleteUser(@PathVariable Long id) {
        users.remove(id);
        return "success";
    }

}

4 新增實體類

package com.didispace.domain;


public class User {

    private Long id;
    private String name;
    private Integer age;

    public Long getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
}

5 新增啟動類

package com.didispace;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);

    }

}

三 測試

1 瀏覽器輸入http://localhost:8080/swagger-ui.html

2 除錯功能

四 參考

http://blog.didispace.com/springbootswagger2/