Ubuntu和Win 10下用CMAKE + SWIG 為C#寫動態庫

阿新 • • 發佈：2020-06-21

本文采用這個專案的教學程式碼：

作者自稱是cmake的開發人員，不知道真假，不過這個專案程式碼組織看起來挺專業的，就它了。這裡主要研究如何用cmake + swig + dotnet + gcc/vc 將程式碼部署到ubuntu和winows下面，程式碼本身功能不是重點。

1 Make It Work

1.1 Ubuntu

可以參考https://github.com/Mizux/dotnet-native/blob/master/ci/docker/ubuntu/Dockerfile，這裡略有修改，下載了各個軟體的最新版本

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt install g++
g++ --version                                                         #檢查一下版本，顯示7.5.0， 這裡我們想用最新版本g++-9
sudo apt install software-properties-common                           #參考https://linuxize.com/post/how-to-install-gcc-compiler-on-ubuntu-18-04/#installing-gcc-on-ubuntu
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test
sudo apt install g++-9
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/gcc gcc /usr/bin/gcc-9 90 --slave /usr/bin/g++ g++ /usr/bin/g++-9 --slave /usr/bin/gcov gcov /usr/bin/gcov-9
g++ --version                                                         #檢查一下版本，本例子中已經更新為9.3.0
wget "https://cmake.org/files/v3.17/cmake-3.17.2-Linux-x86_64.sh"     #sudo apt install cmake只能下載到3.10版本，本例子需要在3.14或以上版本
chmod a+x cmake-3.17.2-Linux-x86_64.sh
sudo ./cmake-3.17.2-Linux-x86_64.sh --prefix=/usr/local/ --skip-license
rm cmake-3.17.2-Linux-x86_64.sh
cmake --version                                                       #檢查一下版本，3.17.2。使用terminal的需要重開一個視窗，否則會顯示找不到cmake
wget ftp://ftp.pcre.org/pub/pcre/pcre-8.00.tar.gz                     #下載pcre，安裝swig 4.0版本需要， sudo apt-get install -y swig只能拿到3.0.12版本
tar -xzf pcre-8.00.tar.gz
cd pcre-8.00/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pcre                                  #安裝到/usr/local/pcre/bin/pcre-config
make
sudo make install                                                     #pcre安裝完成
PATH=/usr/local/pcre/bin:$PATH                                        #讓pcre-config可以直接被call
cd ..
http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/swig/swig-4.0.2.tar.gz             
tar -xzf swig-4.0.2.tar.gz
cd swig-4.0.2                                                         #參考http://www.swig.org/Doc4.0/SWIGDocumentation.html#Preface_unix_installation
./configure
make
sudo make install
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/pcre/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH           #把libpcre.so.0加入系統庫目錄中
swig -version                                                         #檢查一下版本，本例子中使用的是4.0.2版本
cd ..
sudo apt-get update -qq                                               #安裝.NET
sudo apt-get install -yq wget apt-transport-https
wget -q https://packages.microsoft.com/config/ubuntu/20.04/packages-microsoft-prod.deb -O packages-microsoft-prod.deb
sudo dpkg -i packages-microsoft-prod.deb
sudo apt-get update -qq
sudo DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -yq dotnet-sdk-3.1
sudo apt-get clean
dotnet --version                                                      #檢查版本，本例子中是3.1.301
git clone https://github.com/Mizux/dotnet-native                      #下載專案程式碼
cd dotnet-native
cmake -S. -Bbuild
cmake --build build --target all -v
sudo cmake --build build --target install -v
cmake --build build --target test -v                                  #should read 100% tests passed,0 tests failed out of 3
cd ..
mkdir sample
cd sample
cp ../dotnet-native/build/dotnet/packages/*.nupkg ./
cp ../dotnet-native/ci/samples/* ./                                   #sample目錄下有Mizux.Foo.1.0.0.nupkg  Mizux.Foo.runtime.linux-x64.1.0.0.nupkg  Mizux.Sample.csproj  Sample.cs
dotnet build
dotnet run                                                            #[1] Enter FooApp
                                                                      #[2] Enter Foo::hello(int)
                                                                      #[3] Enter fooHello(int)
                                                                      #[3] Exit fooHello(int)
                                                                      #[2] Exit Foo::hello(int)
                                                                      #[1] Exit FooApp
                                                                      #成功！！

1.2 Windows

安裝CMake

去https://cmake.org/download/ 下載並安裝cmake-3.16.8-win64-x64.msi

安裝完應該能看到

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安裝visual studio 2019

現在都免費了.去https://visualstudio.microsoft.com/vs/下載prefessional版本

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本專案需要c++和c#,所以要安裝兩個workload

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下載github教學程式碼

可以下載zip，並解壓

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構建專案

開啟CMake,點選右上角Browse Source，選擇上面解壓後dotnet-native-master目錄

browse build裡面的路徑=Browse Source裡面的路徑 + /build，完成後點選左下configure

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這時會讓你選擇generator，這裡選擇Visual Studio 16 2019，然後點選Finish

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這個過程需要十幾秒，然後會在下框中顯示Configuration done

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然後點選Generate按鈕，下框中顯示Generating done。

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點選Open Project，這時會彈出Visual Studio 2019，點選Build Solution,開始編譯專案

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編譯完成後，File->Close Solution關閉專案。此時build/dotnet/packages下有了nupkg檔案，這就是build產生的包檔案。接下來用例子說們怎麼用這個包檔案

測試樣例

重新開啟一個專案：Ctrl+Shift+O 開啟 dotnet-native-master\ci\samples\Mizux.Sample.csproj

設定nupkg，首先解除安裝Mizux.Sample.csproj中的Mizux.Foo包，因為這個包預設是從nuget.org上下載的,具體可以開啟Mizux.Sample.csproj，看裡面的設定。

Tools->NuGet Package Manager-> Manage NuGet Packages for Solution，在installed面板左邊選擇Mizux.Foo，在右邊選擇Mizux.Sample，點選Uninstall

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接著需要載入本地編譯好的Mizux.Foo包。Tools->Options->NuGet Package Manager->Packages Sources，在右邊點綠色的+按鈕新增一個包，name填寫Mizux.Foo，Source裡面選擇
dotnet-native-master\dotnet-native-master\build\dotnet\packages，即含有nupkg和snupkg的資料夾。然後點選OK，這樣就設定好路徑了。

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接下來新增nupkg檔案，右鍵Mizux.Sample，選擇Manager NuGet Packages

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在Browse面板衝，在右上角的下拉框中選擇Mizux.Foo （預設是nuget.org)，然後在左邊選擇Mizux.Foo，最後點選右邊的install。

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現在已經把Mizux.Foo.1.0.0.nupkg安裝到專案中了。最後點選綠色的執行按鈕，執行結果如下：

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2 程式碼分析

先看看程式碼組織：

[email protected]:~/code/dotnet-native$ tree
.
├── AUTHORS
├── ci
│?? ├── doc
│?? │?? ├── deps.dot
│?? │?? ├── deps.svg
│?? │?? └── generate_image.sh
│?? ├── docker
│?? │?? ├── alpine
│?? │?? │?? └── Dockerfile
│?? │?? ├── archlinux
│?? │?? │?? └── Dockerfile
│?? │?? ├── centos
│?? │?? │?? └── Dockerfile
│?? │?? ├── debian
│?? │?? │?? └── Dockerfile
│?? │?? ├── fedora
│?? │?? │?? └── Dockerfile
│?? │?? ├── opensuse
│?? │?? │?? └── Dockerfile
│?? │?? └── ubuntu
│?? │??     └── Dockerfile
│?? ├── Makefile
│?? ├── README.md
│?? └── samples
│??     ├── Mizux.Sample.csproj
│??     └── Sample.cs
├── cmake
│?? ├── CMakeLists.txt.swig
│?? ├── cpp.cmake
│?? ├── dotnet.cmake
│?? ├── FooConfig.cmake.in
│?? └── swig.cmake
├── CMakeLists.txt
├── doc
│?? ├── full_pipeline.dot
│?? ├── full_pipeline.png
│?? ├── full_pipeline.svg
│?? ├── generate_image.sh
│?? ├── legend.dot
│?? ├── legend.png
│?? ├── legend.svg
│?? ├── local_pipeline.dot
│?? ├── local_pipeline.png
│?? └── local_pipeline.svg
├── dotnet
│?? ├── base.i
│?? ├── Directory.Build.props
│?? ├── FooApp.cs
│?? ├── FooTests.cs
│?? ├── logo.png
│?? ├── logo.svg
│?? ├── Mizux.FooApp.csproj.in
│?? ├── Mizux.Foo.csproj.in
│?? ├── Mizux.Foo.runtime.csproj.in
│?? └── Mizux.FooTests.csproj.in
├── Foo
│?? ├── CMakeLists.txt
│?? ├── dotnet
│?? │?? ├── CMakeLists.txt
│?? │?? └── foo.i
│?? ├── include
│?? │?? └── foo
│?? │??     └── Foo.hpp
│?? ├── src
│?? │?? └── Foo.cpp
│?? └── test
│??     ├── CMakeLists.txt
│??     └── src
│??         ├── Foo_UT.cpp
│??         └── main.cpp
├── LICENSE
└── README.md
21 directories,51 files

先看一下程式碼，知道這個專案做了什麼

2.1 Foo/src/Foo.cpp

#include "foo/Foo.hpp"

#include <iostream>

namespace foo {
void fooHello(int level) {
  std::cout << "[" << level << "] Enter fooHello(int)" << std::endl;
  std::cout << "[" << level << "] Exit fooHello(int)" << std::endl;
}

void fooHello(int64_t level) {
  std::cout << "[" << level << "] Enter fooHello(int64_t)" << std::endl;
  std::cout << "[" << level << "] Exit fooHello(int64_t)" << std::endl;
}

void Foo::hello(int level) {
  std::cout << "[" << level << "] Enter Foo::hello(int)" << std::endl;
  foo::fooHello(level + 1);
  std::cout << "[" << level << "] Exit Foo::hello(int)" << std::endl;
}

void Foo::hello(int64_t level) {
  std::cout << "[" << level << "] Enter Foo::hello(int64_t)" << std::endl;
  foo::fooHello(level + 1);
  std::cout << "[" << level << "] Exit Foo::hello(int64_t)" << std::endl;
}

std::string Foo::operator()() const {
  return std::string{"\"Foo\":{\"int\":"} + std::to_string(_intValue) +
         ",\"int64\":" + std::to_string(_int64Value) + "}";
}

int Foo::getInt() const {
  return _intValue;
}

void Foo::setInt(int input) {
  _intValue = input;
}

int64_t Foo::getInt64() const {
  return _int64Value;
}

void Foo::setInt64(int64_t input) {
  _int64Value = input;
}

} // namespace foo

就是一些set和print，根據輸入是int64還是int呼叫不同的函式

2.2 Foo/include/foo/Foo.hpp

#pragma once

#include <cstdint>
#include <string>

namespace foo {
void fooHello(int level);
void fooHello(int64_t level);

class Foo {
 public:
  static void hello(int level);

  static void hello(int64_t level);

  int getInt() const;

  void setInt(int input);

  int64_t getInt64() const;

  void setInt64(int64_t input);

  std::string operator()() const;

 private:
  int     _intValue   = 0;
  int64_t _int64Value = 0;
};
} // namespace foo

2.3 Foo/dotnet/foo.i

其中/* */是本文追加註釋

%module csFoo
/* c#沒有普通函式，所有函式必須是類的成員函式，如何呼叫c++的普通函式呢，可以用csFoo.函式名來呼叫，比如csFoo.fooHello(12) */

%include "std_string.i"
/* 提供std::string介面 */
%include "base.i"

// Add necessary symbols to generated header
%{
#include <foo/Foo.hpp>
%}
/* 在翻譯產生的 /home/xian/code/dotnet-native/build/dotnet/Foo/Foo/fooCSHARP_wrap.cxx 檔案中加入#include <foo/Foo.hpp> */
/* swig只負責翻譯，對於翻譯好的c++程式碼中的函式由來，需要人工指定其標頭檔案 */

%ignore ""; /* 忽略標頭檔案中所有的宣告 參考 http://www.swig.org/Doc3.0/SWIGDocumentation.html#SWIG_chosen_unignore */
%define %unignore %rename("%s") %enddef
/* %rename(A) B;
   %include "header.h"
   將 header.h中的B函式重新命名為A供c#呼叫。這是為了防止c#和c++函式重名。
   
   %rename("%s") "" 相當於 對於任意的A %rename(A) A
   %define %unignore %rename("%s") %enddef 是一個巨集，
   %rename("A") 展開為 %unignore %rename("A") 
   比如 %rename("FooHello") fooHello(int); 展開為
   %unignore %rename("FooHello") fooHello(int); 即不忽略fooHello(int)函式，並將其重新命名為FooHello
*/


%unignore foo;
namespace foo {
%rename("FooHello") fooHello(int);
%rename("FooHello") fooHello(int64_t);

%unignore Foo;
%rename("Hello") Foo::hello(int);
%rename("Hello") Foo::hello(int64_t);

%rename("GetInt") Foo::getInt() const;
%rename("SetInt") Foo::setInt(int);

%rename("GetInt64") Foo::getInt64() const;
%rename("SetInt64") Foo::setInt64(int64_t);

%rename ("ToString") Foo::operator();
/* c#中 A.ToString()呼叫的是A()
} // namespace foo

// Process symbols in header
%include "foo/Foo.hpp"

%unignore ""; // unignore all

2.4 dotnet/base.i

%include "stdint.i"
%include "typemaps.i"

#if defined(SWIGCSHARP)
#if defined(SWIGWORDSIZE64)
// By default SWIG map C++ long int (i.e. int64_t) to C# int
// But we want to map it to C# long so we reuse the typemap for C++ long long.
// ref: https://github.com/swig/swig/blob/master/Lib/csharp/typemaps.i
// ref: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/language-reference/builtin-types/integral-numeric-types
%define PRIMITIVE_TYPEMAP(NEW_TYPE,TYPE)
%clear NEW_TYPE;
%clear NEW_TYPE *;
%clear NEW_TYPE &;
%clear const NEW_TYPE &;
%apply TYPE { NEW_TYPE };
%apply TYPE * { NEW_TYPE * };
%apply TYPE & { NEW_TYPE & };
%apply const TYPE & { const NEW_TYPE & };
%enddef // PRIMITIVE_TYPEMAP
PRIMITIVE_TYPEMAP(long int,long long);
PRIMITIVE_TYPEMAP(unsigned long int,unsigned long long);
#undef PRIMITIVE_TYPEMAP
#endif // defined(SWIGWORDSIZE64)
#endif // defined(SWIGCSHARP)

映射了一些型別，這一段程式碼應該對所有c#專案有效，無需修改，就不深究了。

2.5 dotnet/FooApp.cs

using System;

using Mizux.Foo;

namespace FooApp {
  class Program {
    static void Main(string[] args) {
      int level = 1;
      Console.WriteLine($"[{level}] Enter FooApp");
      Foo.Hello(level+1);
      Console.WriteLine($"[{level}] Exit FooApp");
    }
  }
}

根據前面的分析，該程式碼應該輸出

[1] Enter FooApp
[2] Enter Foo::hello(int)
[3] Enter fooHello(int)
[3] Exit fooHello(int)
[2] Exit Foo::hello(int)
[1] Exit FooApp

3 專案組織程式碼*.csproj程式碼分析

4 CMake構建、安裝程式碼分析

4.1 CMakeLists.txt

現在開始理解cmake的流程了。從根目錄的CMakeLists.txt看起。###後面跟的是本文的註釋

# This file is just an orchestration
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.14)  ### cmake版本至少3.14 
list(APPEND CMAKE_MODULE_PATH "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/cmake")  ###相當於 g++ -Icmake
###${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}指的是含有當前CMakeLists.txt的資料夾，即根目錄

option(CMAKE_EXPORT_COMPILE_COMMANDS "Export compile command" TRUE)
###設定了一個cmake build的引數，預設值為TRUE，具體作用應該在後面作為條件build的根據

project(Foo VERSION 1.0 LANGUAGES CXX)
###設定${PROJECT_NAME} = Foo,${PROJECT_VERSION} = 1.0 語言是C++
message(STATUS "project: ${PROJECT_NAME}") ###列印 project: Foo
message(STATUS "version: ${PROJECT_VERSION}")  ### version: 1.0

# Force default build type to Release
if(NOT CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE)   ###cmake build時候可以用-DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release/Debug/... 
                           ### 設定build type是release還是debug還是其他，
  set(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE "Release" CACHE STRING   
                           ###預設是Release， 
                           ###CACHE=global,表明這個type對其他cmake，CMakeLists檔案有效
    "Choose the type of build,options are: Debug,Release (default),RelWithDebInfo and MinSizeRel."
    FORCE) ###如果CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE被其他呼叫該專案的專案設定過，這裡則強制重新設定。
endif(NOT CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE)

# Layout build dir like install dir
include(GNUInstallDirs)   ### 定義了一些安裝所需要的路徑變數，比如CMAKE_INSTALL_BINDIR用於安裝執行程式的相對路徑。 
                          ###（安裝實際上就是複製build好的檔案到指定的目錄，以便系統呼叫）
if(UNIX)
  option(BUILD_SHARED_LIBS "Build shared libraries(.so or .dyld)." ON)    ###build 動態連線庫，預設是TRUE
  set(CMAKE_BUILD_WITH_INSTALL_RPATH TRUE)  
    ### 啟用RPATH。當CMake build好可執行檔案a.exe以及它所依賴的動態庫b.so後，安裝時會將他們複製到指定的目錄中去，
    ### 根據系統不同，安裝的絕對路徑也不同，比如python3.6/...和python3.7/... 這樣安裝好的a.exe不可能通過絕對路徑尋找b.so,因此RPATH
    ### 就用來提供尋找b.so的相對路徑
  set(CMAKE_LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}) 
    ### CMAKE_LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY = build/lib 存放build好的*.so或*.dll等動態庫檔案
  set(CMAKE_ARCHIVE_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}) 
    ### CMAKE_ARCHIVE_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY = build/lib 存放build好的*.a或*.lib等靜態庫檔案
  set(CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/${CMAKE_INSTALL_BINDIR})
   ### CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY = build/bin 存放build好的可執行檔案
  # for multi-config build system (e.g. xcode) 
  foreach(OUTPUTCONFIG IN LISTS CMAKE_CONFIGURATION_TYPES)
    string(TOUPPER ${OUTPUTCONFIG} OUTPUTCONFIG)
    set(CMAKE_LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY_${OUTPUTCONFIG} ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/${OUTPUTCONFIG}/${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR})
    set(CMAKE_ARCHIVE_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY_${OUTPUTCONFIG} ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/${OUTPUTCONFIG}/${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR})
    set(CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY_${OUTPUTCONFIG} ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/${OUTPUTCONFIG}/${CMAKE_INSTALL_BINDIR})
  endforeach()
else()
  # Currently Only support static build for windows
  set(BUILD_SHARED_LIBS OFF)   ###如果是windows，不產生動態庫
  set(CMAKE_LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/${CMAKE_INSTALL_BINDIR})
  set(CMAKE_ARCHIVE_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/${CMAKE_INSTALL_BINDIR})
  set(CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/${CMAKE_INSTALL_BINDIR})
  # for multi-config builds (e.g. msvc)
  foreach(OUTPUTCONFIG IN LISTS CMAKE_CONFIGURATION_TYPES) ###such as Debug,Release,RelWithDebInfo etc.
    string(TOUPPER ${OUTPUTCONFIG} OUTPUTCONFIG)  ###Debug => DEBUG
    set(CMAKE_LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY_${OUTPUTCONFIG} ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/${OUTPUTCONFIG}/${CMAKE_INSTALL_BINDIR})
       ###CMAKE_LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY_DEBUG = build/DEBUG/bin
    set(CMAKE_ARCHIVE_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY_${OUTPUTCONFIG} ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/${OUTPUTCONFIG}/${CMAKE_INSTALL_BINDIR})
    set(CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY_${OUTPUTCONFIG} ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/${OUTPUTCONFIG}/${CMAKE_INSTALL_BINDIR})
  endforeach()
endif()

include(CTest)       ###先跳過單元測試
if(BUILD_TESTING)
  include(FetchContent)
  FetchContent_Declare(
    Catch2
    GIT_REPOSITORY https://github.com/catchorg/Catch2.git
    GIT_TAG master
    GIT_SHALLOW TRUE
    GIT_PROGRESS TRUE
  )
  FetchContent_MakeAvailable(Catch2)
endif()

include(cpp)  ### include "cmake/cpp.cmake"

if(WIN32)
  include(swig)    ###include "cmake/swig.cmake"
endif()

include(dotnet)    ###include "cmake/dotnet.cmake"

看來根目錄的CMakeLists.txt主要設定了一些公共變數，至於具體執行什麼還要看cmake下面的*.cmake檔案

4.2 cmake/cpp.cmake

# Check primitive types
include(CMakePushCheckState)    ###這幾行不知道要幹嘛
cmake_push_check_state(RESET)   
set(CMAKE_EXTRA_INCLUDE_FILES "cstdint")
include(CheckTypeSize)
check_type_size("long" SIZEOF_LONG LANGUAGE CXX)
message(STATUS "Found long size: ${SIZEOF_LONG}")
check_type_size("long long" SIZEOF_LONG_LONG LANGUAGE CXX)
message(STATUS "Found long long size: ${SIZEOF_LONG_LONG}")
check_type_size("int64_t" SIZEOF_INT64_T LANGUAGE CXX)
message(STATUS "Found int64_t size: ${SIZEOF_INT64_T}")

check_type_size("unsigned long" SIZEOF_ULONG LANGUAGE CXX)
message(STATUS "Found unsigned long size: ${SIZEOF_ULONG}")
check_type_size("unsigned long long" SIZEOF_ULONG_LONG LANGUAGE CXX)
message(STATUS "Found unsigned long long size: ${SIZEOF_ULONG_LONG}")
check_type_size("uint64_t" SIZEOF_UINT64_T LANGUAGE CXX)
message(STATUS "Found uint64_t size: ${SIZEOF_UINT64_T}")

check_type_size("int *" SIZEOF_INT_P LANGUAGE CXX)
message(STATUS "Found int * size: ${SIZEOF_INT_P}")
cmake_pop_check_state()

add_subdirectory(Foo)  ### include ../Foo/CMakeList.txt

# Install
include(GNUInstallDirs)   ###和之前一樣，取出一些預定義的安裝路徑變數
install(EXPORT ${PROJECT_NAME}Targets 
    ###安裝FooTargets中的Devel部分（命令最後COMPONENT=Devel）
    ###FooTargets在別的地方定義，build完之後，會產生一個FooTargets.cmake檔案
    ###該檔案用來讓別的專案呼叫FooTargets
    ###用install(EXPORT 將FooTargets中的Devel部分安裝到指定目錄DESTINATION
  NAMESPACE ${PROJECT_NAME}::       
    ###在別的專案引用FooTargets的時候加上Foo::字首
    ###即target_link_libraries(xxx Foo::FooTargets)
  DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}/cmake/${PROJECT_NAME}   
      ###${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}/lib/cmake/Foo 
      ###linux 上 ${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}預設為/usr/local 
      ###windows 上預設為 C:\Program Files
      ###注意預設的路徑需要root賬號才有寫許可權，
      ###可以通過cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=$HOME/Software/recipe-01 修改
  COMPONENT Devel)
include(CMakePackageConfigHelpers) ###產生配置檔案，這個檔案用來檢查一些檔案是否存在
configure_package_config_file(cmake/${PROJECT_NAME}Config.cmake.in
    ### 配置cmake/FooConfig.cmake.in （將檔案中的變數替換）並複製到
  "${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/${PROJECT_NAME}Config.cmake"  ###build/FooConfig.cmake
  INSTALL_DESTINATION "${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}/cmake/${PROJECT_NAME}"
    ###再安裝到lib/cmake/Foo下面
  NO_SET_AND_CHECK_MACRO  ###FooConfig.cmake中不含有set_and_check()
  NO_CHECK_REQUIRED_COMPONENTS_MACRO)  ###不含有 check_required_components()
write_basic_package_version_file(
  "${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/${PROJECT_NAME}ConfigVersion.cmake"
  COMPATIBILITY SameMajorVersion) ###設定版本為主版本號 
   ###CMake的版本格式為 Release: <major>.<minor>.<patch>[-rc<n>] 
   ###                Develop: <major>.<minor>.<date>[-<id>]
install(
  FILES  ###複製檔案
  "${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/${PROJECT_NAME}Config.cmake"
  "${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/${PROJECT_NAME}ConfigVersion.cmake"
  DESTINATION "${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}/cmake/${PROJECT_NAME}"
  COMPONENT Devel)

看一下cmake/FooConfig.cmake.in檔案,也就是一個include

include("${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/FooTargets.cmake") 
### CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR為當前檔案所在的目錄

4.3 Foo/CMakeLists.txt

add_library(Foo "") ###新增一個庫
target_sources(Foo  ###新增程式碼
  PUBLIC
    $<BUILD_INTERFACE:${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/foo/Foo.hpp>
    $<INSTALL_INTERFACE:include/foo/Foo.hpp>
    ###此處帶有尖括號的部分稱為生成器表示式，這兩行的意思是：
    ###如果當前是build階段，則包含${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/foo/Foo.hpp
    ###如果當前是install階段，則包含include/foo/Foo.hpp
    ###這是因為在build階段，我們用的是原始的程式碼檔案，CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR = /home/xian/code/dotnet-native/Foo
    ###在install階段，原始檔會被安裝到某一個地方，所以需要用安裝地的路徑
  PRIVATE
    src/Foo.cpp
  )
  ### PUBLIC: 目標中public的部分對其他專案可見,因為其他專案呼叫該庫的時候是需要知道其標頭檔案的，所以這裡為public
  ### 如果有很多標頭檔案，其中只有一個頭檔案是對外可見的，則將該檔案放入到INSTALL_INTERFACE中
  ### 如果標頭檔案如果都放在一個目錄中（可以有子目錄），那麼只需要設定該目錄（不需要例舉子目錄）即可包含所有標頭檔案。
  ### PRIVATE: 對其他專案不可見。常常是cpp檔案。這部分需要顯式包含所有檔案

target_include_directories(Foo ###包含標頭檔案目錄，相當於g++ -IFoo
  PUBLIC
    $<BUILD_INTERFACE:${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/include>
    $<INSTALL_INTERFACE:include>
  )
  
target_compile_features(Foo PUBLIC cxx_std_11) 
  ###std=c++11
  ###PUBLIC ???
set_target_properties(Foo PROPERTIES
  VERSION ${PROJECT_VERSION}
  PUBLIC_HEADER $<TARGET_PROPERTY:Foo,INTERFACE_SOURCES> 
   ### PUBLIC_HEADER = Foo.INTERFACE_SOURCES
   ### 可以用 file(GENERATE OUTPUT aaa.txt CONTENT $<TARGET_PROPERTY:Foo,INTERFACE_SOURCES>)
   ### 打印出值
   ### 這個值和BUILD_INTERFACE相同：/home/xian/code/dotnet-native/Foo/include/foo/Foo.hpp
   ###$<TARGET_PROPERTY:tgt,prop> = tgt.prop
  )

add_library(${PROJECT_NAME}::Foo ALIAS Foo)  ### 將Foo::Foo重新命名為Foo,Foo::為之前設定的NAMESPACE

if(BUILD_TESTING)
  add_subdirectory(test)
endif()

# Install
install(TARGETS Foo    ###此處定義install 目標
  EXPORT ${PROJECT_NAME}Targets  ###將Foo目標輸出為FooTargets目標 (FooTargets.cmake)
  PUBLIC_HEADER DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_INCLUDEDIR}/foo ###標頭檔案安裝到 include/foo
  ARCHIVE DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}  ###靜態庫安裝到lib
  LIBRARY DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}  ###動態庫安裝到lib
  #RUNTIME DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_BINDIR}
  )

4.4 cmake/dotnet.cmake

# Will need swig
set(CMAKE_SWIG_FLAGS)  ###設定一些swig的變數，比如set(CMAKE_SWIG_FLAGS -DPL_DOUBLE_INTERFACE -DSWIG_PYTHON)
                       ###這裡什麼都沒有設定,只是引入，後面會設定
find_package(SWIG REQUIRED) ###尋找SWIG
include(UseSWIG)  ###include UseSWIG.cmake 參考https://github.com/Kitware/CMake/blob/master/Modules/UseSWIG.cmake

if(UNIX AND NOT APPLE)
  list(APPEND CMAKE_SWIG_FLAGS "-DSWIGWORDSIZE64")
endif()

# Find dotnet
find_program(DOTNET_EXECUTABLE dotnet)  ###尋找dotnet的執行檔案，需要安裝dotnet
if(NOT DOTNET_EXECUTABLE)
  message(FATAL_ERROR "Check for dotnet Program: not found")
else()
  message(STATUS "Found dotnet Program: ${DOTNET_EXECUTABLE}")
endif()
### ${DOTNET_EXECUTABLE} = dotnet

# Create the native library
###native是最初始的包裝c++的庫，可供c#呼叫
add_library(mizux-foo-native SHARED "")  ###新增動態庫mizux-foo-native
set_target_properties(mizux-foo-native PROPERTIES
  PREFIX "" ###如果PREFIX = xxx則生成xxxmizux-foo-native.so
  POSITION_INDEPENDENT_CODE ON)   ###程式碼位置獨立
     ###多個程式利用相同的動態庫時，動態庫只加載一遍，從而減小記憶體
     ###這個共享的動態庫只有一個程式碼地址，與具體呼叫程式無關，所以是獨立的
     ###具體參考 How to write shared libraries https://akkadia.org/drepper/dsohowto.pdf
# note: macOS is APPLE and also UNIX !
if(APPLE)
  set_target_properties(mizux-foo-native PROPERTIES INSTALL_RPATH "@loader_path")
  # Xcode fails to build if library doesn‘t contains at least one source file.
  if(XCODE)
    file(GENERATE
      OUTPUT ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/mizux-foo-native/version.cpp
      CONTENT "namespace {char* version = \"${PROJECT_VERSION}\";}")
    target_sources(mizux-foo-native PRIVATE ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/mizux-foo-native/version.cpp)
  endif()
elseif(UNIX)
  set_target_properties(mizux-foo-native PROPERTIES INSTALL_RPATH "$ORIGIN")
  ###設定INSTALL_RPATH = $ORIGIN,$ORIGIN是指mizux-foo-native安裝的目錄,這句話說明安裝後，
  ###mizux-foo-native.so 呼叫同一目錄下的 libFoo.so 
  ###[email protected]:~/code/dotnet-native/build/lib$ ls
  ###libFoo.so  libFoo.so.1.0  mizux-foo-native.so
endif()

set(DOTNET Mizux.Foo)   ###${DOTNET} = Mizux.Foo
foreach(SUBPROJECT IN ITEMS Foo) ###foreach(SUBPROJECT IN ITEMS A B C ...)
  add_subdirectory(${SUBPROJECT}/dotnet) ###include Foo/dotnet/CMakeLists.txt
  target_link_libraries(mizux-foo-native PRIVATE dotnet_${SUBPROJECT})
  ###mizux-foo-native依賴於dotnet_Foo
  ###這裡的PRIVATE是指呼叫mizux-foo-native的專案不需要知道dotnet_Foo的實現和介面。
  ###mizux-foo-native對dotnet_Foo的所有功能進行重新封裝。
  ###具體參考 https://cmake.org/pipermail/cmake/2016-May/063400.html
endforeach()

file(COPY dotnet/logo.png DESTINATION dotnet) ###複製檔案
file(COPY dotnet/Directory.Build.props DESTINATION dotnet)
###Directory.Build.props是.net的檔案，為一組專案統一配置版本，作者等等

###接下來是一組lib或者可執行程式。這裡選取Mizux.Foo.runtime.<RID>,Mizux.Foo和Mizux.FooApp分析
###############################
##  Mizux.Foo.runtime.<RID>  ##
###############################

### runtime 是一個可以獨立執行的程式，包含了所有依賴，是平臺dependent的
set(DOTNET_PACKAGES_DIR ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/dotnet/packages)
###DOTNET_PACKAGES_DIR = build/dotnet/packages ， 所有build好的nupkg，snupkg包都放在這裡
if(APPLE)
  set(RUNTIME_IDENTIFIER osx-x64)
elseif(UNIX)
  set(RUNTIME_IDENTIFIER linux-x64)
elseif(WIN32)
  set(RUNTIME_IDENTIFIER win-x64)
else()
  message(FATAL_ERROR "Unsupported system !")
endif()
set(DOTNET_NATIVE ${DOTNET}.runtime.${RUNTIME_IDENTIFIER})
###DOTNET_NATIVE = Mizux.Foo.runtime.linux-x64 (ubuntu) 或者 Mizux.Foo.runtime.win-x64 (windows)

# pom*.xml.in contains:
# CMake variable(s) (@[email protected]) that configure_file() can manage and
# generator expression ($<TARGET_FILE:...>) that file(GENERATE) can manage.
configure_file(
  ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/dotnet/${DOTNET}.runtime.csproj.in
  ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/dotnet/${DOTNET}.runtime.csproj.in
  @ONLY)  ###替換其中@[email protected]的變數
### dotnet/Mizux.Foo.runtime.csproj.in 複製到 build/dotnet/Mizux.Foo.runtime/csproj.in 並替換其中@[email protected]的變數

file(GENERATE
  OUTPUT ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/dotnet/$<CONFIG>/${DOTNET}.runtime.csproj.in  
  INPUT ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/dotnet/${DOTNET}.runtime.csproj.in)  
###根據build/dotnet/Mizux.Foo.runtime.csproj.in 產生檔案 build/dotnet/Release/Mizux.Foo.runtime.csproj.in
###其中$<xxx>的部分會被替換

add_custom_command(
  OUTPUT dotnet/${DOTNET_NATIVE}/${DOTNET_NATIVE}.csproj  
    ###build/dotnet/Mizux.Foo.runtime.linux-x64/Mizux.Foo.runtime.linux-x64.csproj
  COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E make_directory ${DOTNET_NATIVE}
  COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E copy ./$<CONFIG>/${DOTNET}.runtime.csproj.in ${DOTNET_NATIVE}/${DOTNET_NATIVE}.csproj 
    ###build/dotnet/Release/Mizux.Foo.runtime.csproj.in 複製到
    ###  build/dotnet/Mizux.Foo.runtime.linux-x64/Mizux.Foo.runtime.linux-x64.csproj
  WORKING_DIRECTORY dotnet)   ###在build/dotnet目錄下執行

add_custom_target(dotnet_native_package  
  DEPENDS
  mizux-foo-native
  dotnet/${DOTNET_NATIVE}/${DOTNET_NATIVE}.csproj         
    ### dotnet/Mizux.Foo.runtime.linux-x64/Mizux.Foo.runtime.linux-x64.csproj
  COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E make_directory packages     ### mkdir build/dotnet/packages
  COMMAND ${DOTNET_EXECUTABLE} build -c Release ${DOTNET_NATIVE}/${DOTNET_NATIVE}.csproj
     ### Builds a project and all of its dependencies.
  COMMAND ${DOTNET_EXECUTABLE} pack -c Release ${DOTNET_NATIVE}/${DOTNET_NATIVE}.csproj
     ### Packs the code into a NuGet package.
  WORKING_DIRECTORY dotnet)

#################
##  Mizux.Foo  ##
#################
configure_file(
  ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/dotnet/${DOTNET}.csproj.in  ###dotnet/Mizux.Foo.csproj.in
  ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/dotnet/${DOTNET}.csproj.in  ###build/dotnet/Mizux.Foo.csproj.in
  @ONLY)
###dotnet/Mizux.Foo.csproj.in 複製到 build/dotnet/Mizux.Foo.csproj.in，並替換其中@[email protected]的變數

add_custom_command(
  OUTPUT dotnet/${DOTNET}/${DOTNET}.csproj
  COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E make_directory ${DOTNET}
  COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E copy ./${DOTNET}.csproj.in ${DOTNET}/${DOTNET}.csproj
  WORKING_DIRECTORY dotnet)
###在build/dotnet下，建立一個目錄Mizux.Foo,並將Mizux.Foo.csproj.in複製到Mizux.Foo/Mizux.Foo.csproj
###OUTPUT 用於檢查複製完成的檔案

add_custom_target(dotnet_package ALL   ###ALL : 該目標每次都要build
  DEPENDS
  dotnet_native_package
  dotnet/${DOTNET}/${DOTNET}.csproj
  COMMAND ${DOTNET_EXECUTABLE} build -c Release ${DOTNET}/${DOTNET}.csproj
  COMMAND ${DOTNET_EXECUTABLE} pack -c Release ${DOTNET}/${DOTNET}.csproj
  WORKING_DIRECTORY dotnet)

######################
##  Mizux.FooTests  ##
######################
add_custom_command(
  OUTPUT dotnet/${DOTNET}Tests/FooTests.cs
  COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E make_directory ${DOTNET}Tests
  COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E copy ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/dotnet/FooTests.cs ${DOTNET}Tests/FooTests.cs
  WORKING_DIRECTORY dotnet)

configure_file(
  ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/dotnet/${DOTNET}Tests.csproj.in
  ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/dotnet/${DOTNET}Tests.csproj.in
  @ONLY)

add_custom_command(
  OUTPUT dotnet/${DOTNET}Tests/${DOTNET}Tests.csproj
  COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E make_directory ${DOTNET}Tests
  COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E copy ./${DOTNET}Tests.csproj.in ${DOTNET}Tests/${DOTNET}Tests.csproj
  WORKING_DIRECTORY dotnet)

add_custom_target(FooTests ALL
  DEPENDS
  dotnet_package
  dotnet/${DOTNET}Tests/FooTests.cs
  dotnet/${DOTNET}Tests/${DOTNET}Tests.csproj
  COMMAND ${DOTNET_EXECUTABLE} build -c Release ${DOTNET}Tests/${DOTNET}Tests.csproj
  WORKING_DIRECTORY dotnet)

if(BUILD_TESTING)
  add_test(NAME FooTestsUT
    COMMAND ${DOTNET_EXECUTABLE} test -c Release ${DOTNET}Tests/${DOTNET}Tests.csproj
    WORKING_DIRECTORY dotnet)
endif()

####################
##  Mizux.FooApp  ##
####################
add_custom_command(
  OUTPUT dotnet/${DOTNET}App/FooApp.cs
  COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E make_directory ${DOTNET}App
  COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E copy ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/dotnet/FooApp.cs ${DOTNET}App/FooApp.cs
  WORKING_DIRECTORY dotnet)  
###複製dotnet/FooApp.cs到 build/Mizux.FooApp/FooApp.cs
###PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR = /home/xian/code/dotnet-native

configure_file(
  ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/dotnet/${DOTNET}App.csproj.in
  ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/dotnet/${DOTNET}App.csproj.in
  @ONLY)
###替換dotnet/Mizux.FooApp.csproj.in中的@[email protected]部分，並儲存到build/dotnet/Mizux.FooApp.csproj.in

add_custom_command(
  OUTPUT dotnet/${DOTNET}App/${DOTNET}App.csproj
  COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E make_directory ${DOTNET}App
  COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E copy ./${DOTNET}App.csproj.in ${DOTNET}App/${DOTNET}App.csproj
  WORKING_DIRECTORY dotnet)
###複製build/dotnet/FooApp.csproj.in到 build/dotnet/Mizux.FooApp/Mizux.FooApp.csproj
add_custom_target(FooApp ALL
  DEPENDS
  dotnet_package
  dotnet/${DOTNET}App/FooApp.cs
  dotnet/${DOTNET}App/${DOTNET}App.csproj
  COMMAND ${DOTNET_EXECUTABLE} build -c Release ${DOTNET}App/${DOTNET}App.csproj
    ###這裡沒有打包
  WORKING_DIRECTORY dotnet)

if(BUILD_TESTING)
  add_test(NAME FooAppUT
    COMMAND ${DOTNET_EXECUTABLE} run -c Release --project ${DOTNET}App/${DOTNET}App.csproj
    WORKING_DIRECTORY dotnet)
endif()

4.5 Foo/dotnet/CMakeLists.txt

set_property(SOURCE foo.i PROPERTY CPLUSPLUS ON)
  ###Call SWIG in c++ mode 參考 https://cmake.org/cmake/help/v3.14/module/UseSWIG.html
set_property(SOURCE foo.i PROPERTY COMPILE_OPTIONS
  ### 編譯foo.i時，用COMPILE_OPTIONS中的編譯選項
  -namespace ${DOTNET}
  -dllimport mizux-foo-native) ###foo.i檔案中匯入mizux-foo-native
swig_add_library(dotnet_Foo
  TYPE OBJECT
  LANGUAGE csharp
  OUTPUT_DIR ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/dotnet/${PROJECT_NAME}/Foo
  SOURCES       foo.i)
###swig_add_library的作用就是將.i檔案翻譯成.cxx檔案。
###翻譯後的檔案為 /home/xian/code/dotnet-native/build/dotnet/Foo/Foo/fooCSHARP_wrap.cxx
###上面 -namespace ${DOTNET}的作用就是翻譯foo.i中的函式名時加入namespace指定的字首。
###比如如果-namespace ABCD.E.F.G 則FooHello(int);被翻譯為CSharp_ABCDfEfFfG_FooHello__SWIG_0___(int jarg1)
###並且相對應的C#檔案 /home/xian/code/dotnet-native/build/dotnet/Foo/Foo/csFoo.cs 
###                /home/xian/code/dotnet-native/build/dotnet/Foo/Foo/csFoo.cs 也會有namspace：
### namespace ABCD.E.F.G {
### }

###swig_add_library實際上是執行了一行命令，輸入.i檔案，輸出4個檔案，這個命令可以在
###build/Foo/dotnet/CMakeFiles/dotnet_Foo_swig_compilation.dir/build.make
###中找到，
###/home/xian/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/cmake/data/bin/cmake -E env SWIG_LIB=/usr/local/share/swig/4.0.1 /usr/local/bin/swig -csharp -DSWIGWORDSIZE64 -I/home/xian/code/dotnet-native/dotnet -I/home/xian/code/dotnet-native/Foo/include -namespace Mizux.Foo -dllimport mizux-foo-native -outdir /home/xian/code/dotnet-native/build/dotnet/Foo/Foo -c++ -o /home/xian/code/dotnet-native/build/dotnet/Foo/Foo/fooCSHARP_wrap.cxx /home/xian/code/dotnet-native/Foo/dotnet/foo.i
###生成的4個檔案是
###  [email protected]:~/code/dotnet-native$ ls /home/xian/code/dotnet-native/build/dotnet/Foo/Foo
###  csFoo.cs  csFooPINVOKE.cs  Foo.cs  fooCSHARP_wrap.cxx
### 現在理解以下-dllimport mizux-foo-native做了什麼，如果上面命令去掉-dllimport mizux-foo-native,則csFooPINVOKE.cs會少幾行，其中一行是
###  [global::System.Runtime.InteropServices.DllImport("mizux-foo-native",EntryPoint="CSharp_MizuxfFoo_FooHello__SWIG_0___")] 
###  public static extern void FooHello__SWIG_0(int jarg1);    #這一行不少，少上面一行
### 也就是匯入mizux-foo-native中的CSharp_MizuxfFoo_FooHello__SWIG_0___函式，如果沒有-dllimport mizux-foo-native 那麼foo.i中的函式就沒有實現
### 讓我不解的是，mizux-foo-native依賴於dotnet_Foo,而dotnet_Foo依賴於foo.i,foo.i又依賴mizux-foo-native，這不是一個迴圈嗎？

set_target_properties(dotnet_Foo PROPERTIES
  SWIG_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/dotnet
    ###include  dotnet/*
  SWIG_USE_TARGET_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES ON 
    ###???
  POSITION_INDEPENDENT_CODE ON) 
target_link_libraries(dotnet_Foo PRIVATE ${PROJECT_NAME}::Foo)

總結一下依賴關係。
Foo/CMakeLists.txt + Foo.cpp --> Foo.so
Foo/dotnet/CMakeLists.txt + foo.i + Foo.so --> dotnet_Foo.dir (這裡需要swig)
dotnet_Foo.dir --> mizux-foo-native.so
mizux-foo-native.so --> dotnet_native_package (Mizux.Foo.runtime.)
dotnet_native_package --> dotnet_package (Mizux.Foo)
dotnet_package + FooApp.cs --> FooApp

Ubuntu和Win 10下用CMAKE + SWIG 為C#寫動態庫

1 Make It Work

1.1 Ubuntu

1.2 Windows

2 程式碼分析

2.1 Foo/src/Foo.cpp

2.2 Foo/include/foo/Foo.hpp

2.3 Foo/dotnet/foo.i

2.4 dotnet/base.i

2.5 dotnet/FooApp.cs

3 專案組織程式碼*.csproj程式碼分析

4 CMake構建、安裝程式碼分析

4.1 CMakeLists.txt

4.2 cmake/cpp.cmake

4.3 Foo/CMakeLists.txt

4.4 cmake/dotnet.cmake

4.5 Foo/dotnet/CMakeLists.txt

Ubuntu和Win 10下用CMAKE + SWIG 為C#寫動態庫

linux下用CMake + SWIG為GO語言寫動態庫

win 10下Apache和PHP的安裝配置

Win 10下Anaconda虛擬環境的教程

Linux下c/c++的動態庫、靜態庫製作和使用，並供python呼叫

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1.1 Ubuntu

1.2 Windows

2 程式碼分析

2.1 Foo/src/Foo.cpp

2.2 Foo/include/foo/Foo.hpp

2.3 Foo/dotnet/foo.i

2.4 dotnet/base.i

2.5 dotnet/FooApp.cs

3 專案組織程式碼*.csproj程式碼分析

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4.1 CMakeLists.txt

4.2 cmake/cpp.cmake

4.3 Foo/CMakeLists.txt

4.4 cmake/dotnet.cmake

4.5 Foo/dotnet/CMakeLists.txt

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