第十二週上機實踐專案 專案1-實現複數類中的運算子過載 (2)
阿新 • • 發佈:2019-02-19
問題及程式碼:
【專案-實現複數類中的運算子過載】
(1)請用類的成員函式,定義複數類過載運算子+、-、*、/,使之能用於複數的加減乘除
class Complex { public: Complex(){real=0;imag=0;} Complex(double r,double i){real=r; imag=i;} Complex operator+(const Complex &c2); Complex operator-(const Complex &c2); Complex operator*(const Complex &c2); Complex operator/(const Complex &c2); void display(); private: double real; double imag; }; //下面定義成員函式 //下面定義用於測試的main()函式 int main() { Complex c1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3; cout<<"c1="; c1.display(); cout<<"c2="; c2.display(); c3=c1+c2; cout<<"c1+c2="; c3.display(); c3=c1-c2; cout<<"c1-c2="; c3.display(); c3=c1*c2; cout<<"c1*c2="; c3.display(); c3=c1/c2; cout<<"c1/c2="; c3.display(); return 0; }
(2)請用類的友元函式,而不是成員函式,再次完成上面提及的運算子的過載;
/* Copyright(c)2016,煙臺大學計算機與控制工程學院 All rights reserced 檔名稱:test.cpp 作 者:蔡汝佳 完成日期:2016年6月2日 版 本 號:v1.0 問題描述: 輸入描述: 程式輸出: */ #include<iostream> using namespace std; class Complex { public: Complex(){real=0;imag=0;} Complex(double r,double i){real=r; imag=i;} friend Complex operator+(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2); friend Complex operator-(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2); friend Complex operator*(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2); friend Complex operator/(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2); void display(); private: double real; double imag; }; //下面定義成員函式 Complex operator+(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2) { Complex c; c.real=c1.real+c2.real; c.imag=c1.imag+c2.imag; return c; } Complex operator-(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2) { Complex c; c.real=c1.real-c2.real; c.imag=c1.imag-c2.imag; return c; } Complex operator*(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2) { Complex c; c.real=c1.real*c2.real-c1.imag*c2.imag; c.imag=c1.imag*c2.real+c1.real*c2.imag; return c; } Complex operator/(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2) { Complex c; c.real=(c1.real*c2.real+c1.imag*c2.imag)/(c2.real*c2.real+c2.imag*c2.imag); c.imag=(c1.imag*c2.real-c1.real*c2.imag)/(c2.real*c2.real+c2.imag*c2.imag); return c; } void Complex::display() { cout<<"("<<real<<","<<imag<<")"<<endl; } //下面定義用於測試的main()函式 int main() { Complex c1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3; cout<<"c1="; c1.display(); cout<<"c2="; c2.display(); c3=c1+c2; cout<<"c1+c2="; c3.display(); c3=c1-c2; cout<<"c1-c2="; c3.display(); c3=c1*c2; cout<<"c1*c2="; c3.display(); c3=c1/c2; cout<<"c1/c2="; c3.display(); return 0; }
執行結果:
知識點總結:
用友元函式實現運算子過載
學習心得:
//複數相加: (a+bi)+(c+di)=(a+c)+(b+d)i.
//複數相減:(a+bi)-(c+di)=(a-c)+(b-d)i.
//複數相乘:(a+bi)(c+di)=(ac-bd)+(bc+ad)i.
//複數相除:(a+bi)/(c+di)=(ac+bd)/(c^2+d^2) +(bc-ad)/(c^2+d^2)i