處理音頻--pyaudio
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- 前言
- 安裝
- 讀寫音頻文件
- play
- record
- wired
- playcallback
- Wirecallback
- 外部應用
- 總結
前言
很久之前寫過一個將文本轉成語音的,借助了一個名為pyttsx的庫。具體使用可以參考下面的鏈接。
http://blog.csdn.net/marksinoberg/article/details/52137547
今天再來分享一個處理音頻的博文。接住百度的語音接口,差不多可以方便的將音頻轉成文字了。
安裝
安裝的過程比較麻煩一點,不是說安裝的步驟,而是找到能用的庫不是很容易。
目標庫: pyaudio。
但是奈何我的Python版本是36,而pip是安裝不了的。找了很多資料,最後還是在pypi上找到了兼容的版本。
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Python36版本: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/PyAudio/0.2.11
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Python35 Python2:http://people.csail.mit.edu/hubert/pyaudio/packages/
讀寫音頻文件
官網上給了幾個小例子,個人覺得不錯。拿來分享一下。
play
"""PyAudio Example: Play a WAVE file."""
import pyaudio
import wave
import sys
CHUNK = 1024
if len(sys.argv) < 2:
print("Plays a wave file.\n\nUsage: %s filename.wav" % sys.argv[0])
sys.exit(-1)
wf = wave.open(sys.argv[1], ‘rb‘)
p = pyaudio.PyAudio()
stream = p.open(format=p.get_format_from_width(wf.getsampwidth()),
channels=wf.getnchannels(),
rate=wf.getframerate(),
output=True)
data = wf.readframes(CHUNK)
while data != ‘‘:
stream.write(data)
data = wf.readframes(CHUNK)
stream.stop_stream()
stream.close()
p.terminate()
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保存為play.py
然後可以再terminal中來嘗試一下。當然了,前提是先準備一個 .wav
音頻文件。
Python play.py 3.12.wav
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然後不出意外的話,就可以聽到電腦播放的音頻了。
record
有了讀的,那麽再來個記錄的吧。
"""PyAudio example: Record a few seconds of audio and save to a WAVE file."""
import pyaudio
import wave
CHUNK = 1024
FORMAT = pyaudio.paInt16
CHANNELS = 2
RATE = 44100
RECORD_SECONDS = 5
WAVE_OUTPUT_FILENAME = "output.wav"
p = pyaudio.PyAudio()
stream = p.open(format=FORMAT,
channels=CHANNELS,
rate=RATE,
input=True,
frames_per_buffer=CHUNK)
print("* recording")
frames = []
for i in range(0, int(RATE / CHUNK * RECORD_SECONDS)):
data = stream.read(CHUNK)
frames.append(data)
print("* done recording")
stream.stop_stream()
stream.close()
p.terminate()
wf = wave.open(WAVE_OUTPUT_FILENAME, ‘wb‘)
wf.setnchannels(CHANNELS)
wf.setsampwidth(p.get_sample_size(FORMAT))
wf.setframerate(RATE)
wf.writeframes(b‘‘.join(frames))
wf.close()
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保存為record.py
然後運行下面的命令。
Python record.py
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代碼中聲明的是5秒的記錄時長,這一點可以根據自己的需要來進行動態的修改。然後程序運行結束之後,就會在同一級目錄下得到一個output.wav 的音頻文件。
wired
剛才那倆小例子要麽一個讀,要麽一個記錄。那麽要是既想讀,然後再看下結果的需求呢?可以這麽來實現。
"""
PyAudio Example: Make a wire between input and output (i.e., record a
few samples and play them back immediately).
"""
import pyaudio
CHUNK = 1024
WIDTH = 2
CHANNELS = 2
RATE = 44100
RECORD_SECONDS = 5
p = pyaudio.PyAudio()
stream = p.open(format=p.get_format_from_width(WIDTH),
channels=CHANNELS,
rate=RATE,
input=True,
output=True,
frames_per_buffer=CHUNK)
print("* recording")
for i in range(0, int(RATE / CHUNK * RECORD_SECONDS)):
data = stream.read(CHUNK)
stream.write(data, CHUNK)
print("* done")
stream.stop_stream()
stream.close()
p.terminate()
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保存為wire.py
然後運行下面的命令
Python wire.py
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就可以記錄一個5秒的實現了。
play(callback)
搞定了上面三個小例子,做出自己的東西也不是什麽難事了。基本上可以滿足自己的需求。但是官網上還給了更加優雅的方式,那就是使用回調函數。除此之外很重要的一點就是callback方式是noblocking的。
官網的api解釋如下:
Note that in “blocking mode”, each pyaudio.Stream.write() or pyaudio.Stream.read() blocks until all the given/requested frames have been played/recorded. Alternatively, to generate audio data on the fly or immediately process recorded audio data, use the “callback mode” outlined below.
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"""
PyAudio Example: Make a wire between input and output (i.e., record a
few samples and play them back immediately).
"""
import pyaudio
CHUNK = 1024
WIDTH = 2
CHANNELS = 2
RATE = 44100
RECORD_SECONDS = 5
p = pyaudio.PyAudio()
stream = p.open(format=p.get_format_from_width(WIDTH),
channels=CHANNELS,
rate=RATE,
input=True,
output=True,
frames_per_buffer=CHUNK)
print("* recording")
for i in range(0, int(RATE / CHUNK * RECORD_SECONDS)):
data = stream.read(CHUNK)
stream.write(data, CHUNK)
print("* done")
stream.stop_stream()
stream.close()
p.terminate()
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其實也沒啥特殊的地方了,就是代碼看起來更加精簡了。
Wire(callback)
"""
PyAudio Example: Make a wire between input and output (i.e., record a
few samples and play them back immediately).
This is the callback (non-blocking) version.
"""
import pyaudio
import time
WIDTH = 2
CHANNELS = 2
RATE = 44100
p = pyaudio.PyAudio()
def callback(in_data, frame_count, time_info, status):
return (in_data, pyaudio.paContinue)
stream = p.open(format=p.get_format_from_width(WIDTH),
channels=CHANNELS,
rate=RATE,
input=True,
output=True,
stream_callback=callback)
stream.start_stream()
while stream.is_active():
time.sleep(0.1)
stream.stop_stream()
stream.close()
p.terminate()
License
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外部應用
下面拿一個小例子入手,實時的測試一下音頻轉文字。因為本人沒有百度語音服務的權限,所以在網上搜索了一個key。在這裏感謝下面的這個鏈接。
https://github.com/luyishisi/python_yuyinduihua
話不多說, 上例子吧。
# coding: utf8
# @Author: 郭 璞
# @File: baiduyuyinshibie.py
# @Time: 2017/5/10
# @Contact: [email protected]
# @blog: http://blog.csdn.net/marksinoberg
# @Description: 百度語音識別接口調用
import wave
import requests
import json
def get_token():
apiKey = "。。。GBOtpg22ZSGAU"
secretKey = "44。。。e34936227d4a19dc2"
auth_url = "https://openapi.baidu.com/oauth/2.0/token?grant_type=client_credentials&client_id=" + apiKey + "&client_secret=" + secretKey
response = requests.get(url=auth_url)
jsondata = response.text
return json.loads(jsondata)[‘access_token‘]
def use_cloud(token, wavefile):
fp = wave.open(wavefile, ‘rb‘)
# 已經錄好音的音頻片段內容
nframes = fp.getnframes()
filelength = nframes*2
audiodata = fp.readframes(nframes)
# 百度語音接口的產品ID
cuid = ‘71XXXX663‘
server_url = ‘http://vop.baidu.com/server_api‘ + ‘?cuid={}&token={}‘.format(cuid, token)
headers = {
‘Content-Type‘: ‘audio/pcm; rete=8000‘,
‘Content-Length‘: ‘{}‘.format(filelength),
}
response = requests.post(url=server_url, headers=headers, data=audiodata)
return response.text if response.status_code==200 else ‘Something Wrong!‘
if __name__ == ‘__main__‘:
access_token = get_token()
print(access_token)
result = use_cloud(token=access_token, wavefile=‘./output.wav‘)
print(result)
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音頻文件借助了上面第二個例子中錄制的音頻。
我說的話是: 345
# 由於在圖書館,所以不敢太大聲,要是用標準的普通話,相信準確度可能會更高一點。
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然後運行的結果就是下面這樣的了。
可以看出請求成功,返回的結果裏面包含了相應的文本內容。雖然不是很準確,但是也還算可以吧。
總結
最後來總結一下,今天貌似凈拿人家的東西了,雖然自己整合了一下。但是還遠遠不夠啊。其實結合這個語音接口可以做出很多更加好玩的功能的。
參考鏈接:
聊天機器人
GitHub機器人聊天參考源碼
pyaudio官方文檔
pyaudio官網
PyPI寶庫
再分享一下我老師大神的人工智能教程吧。零基礎!通俗易懂!風趣幽默!還帶黃段子!希望你也加入到我們人工智能的隊伍中來!https://blog.csdn.net/jiangjunshow
處理音頻--pyaudio