使用apache和nginx代理實現tomcat負載均衡及叢集配置詳解

阿新 • • 發佈：2019-01-25

實驗環境：

1、nginx的代理功能

nginx proxy:
eth0: 192.168.8.48
vmnet2 eth1: 192.168.10.10

tomcat server1:
vmnet2 eth0: 192.168.10.20

tomcat server2:
vmnet2 eth0: 192.168.10.30

# yum install -y nginx-1.8.1-1.el6.ngx.x86_64.rpm
# vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf

location / {
root /web/htdocs;
index index.jsp index.html index.htm;
}

location ~* \.(jsp|do|action)$ {
proxy_pass http://192.168.10.20;
}

location ~* \.(jpg|jpeg|gif|png|pdf|doc|rar|exe|zip|)$ {
proxy_pass http://192.168.10.30;
}

2、apache的代理功能

①http方式的代理

# cd /etc/httpd/conf.d/
# vim mod_proxy.conf
加入如下內容：

ProxyRequests off
ProxyPreserveHost on

ProxyPass / http://192.168.10.20/
ProxyPassReverse / http://192.168.l0.20/

<Location />
Order Allow,Deny
Allow from all
</Location>

②ajp方式的代理

ProxyVia on
ProxyRequests off
ProxyPreserveHost on

ProxyPass / ajp://192.168.10.20/
ProxyPassReverse / ajp://192.168.l0.20/

<Location />
Order Allow,Deny
Allow from all
</Location>

②、配置apache基於mod_jk的負載均衡

a.安裝apxs外掛
# yum install -y httpd-devel
# tar xf tomcat-connectors-1.2.37-src.tar.gz
# cd tomcat-connectors-1.2.37-src/native
# ./configure --with-apxs=/usr/sbin/apxs
# make && make install

配置相關檔案
# cd /etc/httpd/conf.d
# vim mod_jk.conf

LoadModule jk_module modules/mod_jk.so
JkWorkersFile /etc/httpd/conf.d/workers.properties
JkLogFile logs/mod_jk.log
JkLogLevel notice
JkMount /* TomcatA
JkMount /status/ statA

# vim workers.properties

worker.list=TomcatA,statA
worker.TomcatA.type=ajp13
worker.ToccatA.port=8009
worker.TomcatA.host=192.168.10.20
worker.TomcatA.lbfactor=1
worker.statA.type=status

訪問如下地址，可以看到tomcat server1的狀態
http://192.168.8.48/status/

③使用mod_jk配置負載均衡伺服器

配置代理伺服器
# cd /etc/httpd/conf.d
# cat mod_jk.conf
LoadModule jk_module modules/mod_jk.so
JkWorkersFile /etc/httpd/conf.d/workers.properties
JkLogFile logs/mod_jk.log
JkLogLevel notice
JkMount /* lbcA
JkMount /status/ statA

# cat workers.properties
worker.list=lbcA,statA
worker.TomcatA.type=ajp13
worker.TomcatA.port=8009
worker.TomcatA.host=192.168.10.20
worker.TomcatA.lbfactor=1
worker.TomcatB.type=ajp13
worker.TomcatB.port=8009
worker.TomcatB.host=192.168.10.30
worker.TomcatB.lbfactor=1
worker.lbcA.type=lb
worker.lbcA.sticky_session=1
worker.lbcA.balance_workers=TomcatA,TomcatB
worker.statA.type=status

配置後端tomcat
# cd /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/
# mkdir testapp
# cd testapp/
# mkdir -pv WEB-INF/{classes,lib}
mkdir: created directory `WEB-INF'
mkdir: created directory `WEB-INF/classes'
mkdir: created directory `WEB-INF/lib'
# vim index.jsp

TOMCATA伺服器
index.jsp:
<%@ page language="java" %>
<html>
<head><title>TomcatA</title></head>
<body>
<h1><font color="red">TomcatA.chinasoft.com</font></h1>
<table align="centre" border="1">
<tr>
<td>Session ID</td>
<% session.setAttribute("chinasoft.com.com","chinasoft.com"); %>
<td><%= session.getId() %></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Created on</td>
<td><%= session.getCreationTime() %></td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>

TOMCATB伺服器
index.jsp:
<%@ page language="java" %>
<html>
<head><title>TomcatB</title></head>
<body>
<h1><font color="blue">TomcatB.chinasoft.com</font></h1>
<table align="centre" border="1">
<tr>
<td>Session ID</td>
<% session.setAttribute("chinasoft.com","chinasoft.com"); %>
<td><%= session.getId() %></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Created on</td>
<td><%= session.getCreationTime() %></td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>

測試是否OK
# curl http://192.168.10.20:8080/testapp/index.jsp
# curl http://192.168.10.30:8080/testapp/index.jsp

配置session會話繫結(會破壞負載均衡效果):
負載均衡，且實現會話繫結要注意給每個tomcat例項的egine容器一個jvmRoute屬性！此名稱要跟前端排程模組使用名稱保持一致！
另外，在mod_proxy實現負載均衡的會話繫結時，還要使用sticksession=JSESSIONID（字元要大寫）！
worker.properties:
worker.TomcatB.lbfactor=1
在後端tomcat伺服器server.xml檔案中定義jvmRoute:
<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="TomcatA">

④.apache mod_proxy實現基於http的負載均衡配置：

# mv mod_jk.conf mod_jk.conf.bak
# mv mod_proxy.conf.bak mod_proxy.conf
# vim mod_proxy.conf

ProxyVia on
ProxyRequests off
ProxyPreserveHost on

<Proxy balancer://lb>
BalancerMember http://192.168.10.20:8080 loadfactor=1 route=TomcatA
BalancerMember http://192.168.10.30:8080 loadfactor=1 route=TomcatB
</Proxy>

ProxyPass / balancer://lb/
ProxyPassReverse / balancer://lb/

<Location />
Order Allow,Deny
Allow from all
</Location>

⑤.配置session會話的永續性

ProxyVia on
ProxyRequests off
ProxyPreserveHost on

<Proxy balancer://lb>
BalancerMember http://192.168.10.20:8080 loadfactor=1 route=TomcatA
BalancerMember http://192.168.10.30:8080 loadfactor=1 route=TomcatB
</Proxy>

ProxyPass / balancer://lb/ stickysession=JSESSIONID
ProxyPassReverse / balancer://lb/

<Location />
Order Allow,Deny
Allow from all
</Location>

⑥.配置管理介面

ProxyVia on
ProxyRequests off
ProxyPreserveHost on

<Proxy balancer://lb>
BalancerMember http://192.168.10.20:8080 loadfactor=1 route=TomcatA
BalancerMember http://192.168.10.30:8080 loadfactor=1 route=TomcatB
</Proxy>

<Location /lbmanager>
SetHandler balancer-manager
</Location>

ProxyPass /lbmanager !
ProxyPass / balancer://lb/
ProxyPassReverse / balancer://lb/

<Location />
Order Allow,Deny
Allow from all

</Location>

訪問：http://192.168.8.48/lbmanager，可以看到負載均衡的狀態介面

叢集配置：

負載均衡器：

192.168.10.10：
# vim mod_proxy.conf

ProxyVia on
ProxyRequests off
ProxyPreserveHost on


<Proxy balancer://lb>
  BalancerMember http://192.168.10.20:8080 loadfactor=1 route=TomcatA
  BalancerMember http://192.168.10.30:8080 loadfactor=1 route=TomcatB
</Proxy>


<Location /lbmanager>
  SetHandler balancer-manager
</Location>


ProxyPass /lbmanager !
ProxyPass / balancer://lb/
ProxyPassReverse / balancer://lb/


<Location />
  Order Allow,Deny
  Allow from all
</Location>

192.168.10.20:

<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="TomcatA">
<Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"
	 channelSendOptions="8">


  <Manager className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaManager"
	   expireSessionsOnShutdown="false"
	   notifyListenersOnReplication="true"/>


  <Channel className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.GroupChannel">
    <Membership className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastService"
		address="228.1.0.4"
		port="45564"
		frequency="500"
		dropTime="3000"/>
    <Receiver className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.NioReceiver"
	      address="192.168.10.20"
	      port="4000"
	      autoBind="100"
	      selectorTimeout="5000"
	      maxThreads="6"/>


  <Sender className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.ReplicationTransmitter">
      <Transport className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.PooledParallelSender"/>
    </Sender>
    <Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector"/>
    <Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatch15Interceptor"/>
  </Channel>


  <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve"
	 filter=""/>
  <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteBinderValve"/>


  <Deployer className="org.apache.catalina.ha.deploy.FarmWarDeployer"
	    tempDir="/tmp/war-temp/"
	    deployDir="/tmp/war-deploy/"
	    watchDir="/tmp/war-listen/"
	    watchEnabled="false"/>


  <ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteSessionIDBinderListener"/>
  <ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.ClusterSessionListener"/>
</Cluster>

192.168.10.30：

<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="TomcatB">
<Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"
	 channelSendOptions="8">


  <Manager className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaManager"
	   expireSessionsOnShutdown="false"
	   notifyListenersOnReplication="true"/>


  <Channel className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.GroupChannel">
    <Membership className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastService"
		address="228.1.0.4"
		port="45564"
		frequency="500"
		dropTime="3000"/>
    <Receiver className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.NioReceiver"
	      address="192.168.10.30"
	      port="4000"
	      autoBind="100"
	      selectorTimeout="5000"
	      maxThreads="6"/>
	<Sender className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.ReplicationTransmitter">
<Transport className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.PooledParallelSender"/>
</Sender>
<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector"/>
<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatch15Interceptor"/>
</Channel>


<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve"
 filter=""/>
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteBinderValve"/>


<Deployer className="org.apache.catalina.ha.deploy.FarmWarDeployer"
    tempDir="/tmp/war-temp/"
    deployDir="/tmp/war-deploy/"
    watchDir="/tmp/war-listen/"
    watchEnabled="false"/>


<ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteSessionIDBinderListener"/>
<ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.ClusterSessionListener"/>
</Cluster>

並在各叢集節點上新增路由資訊：
route add -net 228.1.0.4 netmask 255.255.255.255 dev eth0

並在：

web.xml節點上新增：

可以看到session id沒有變化

使用apache和nginx代理實現tomcat負載均衡及叢集配置詳解

實驗環境：

1、nginx的代理功能

2、apache的代理功能

①http方式的代理

②ajp方式的代理

②、配置apache基於mod_jk的負載均衡

③使用mod_jk配置負載均衡伺服器

④.apache mod_proxy實現基於http的負載均衡配置：

⑤.配置session會話的永續性

⑥.配置管理介面

叢集配置：

負載均衡器：

使用apache和nginx代理實現tomcat負載均衡及叢集配置詳解

Linux下nginx+多個Tomcat負載均衡的實現

【Nginx】nginx反向代理與tomcat負載均衡

Tomcat介紹、安裝配置以及簡單的實現Tomcat負載均衡

Jenkins服務使用nginx代理伺服器做負載均衡

開發人員學Linux(5)：CentOS7編譯安裝Nginx並搭建Tomcat負載均衡環境

Nginx並搭建Tomcat負載均衡環境

使用LVS實現負載均衡原理及安裝配置詳解

初識TomCat之4——TomCat負載均衡及基於IP的Session sticky

Apache +Jetty的負載均衡與叢集配置（下）

Apache +Jetty的負載均衡與叢集配置（上）

Tomcat 負載均衡及Session共享

使用 LVS 實現負載均衡原理及安裝配置詳解

(總結）Nginx/LVS/HAProxy負載均衡軟體的優缺點詳解

Nginx/LVS/HAProxy負載均衡軟體的優缺點詳解

Nginx、LVS及HAProxy負載均衡軟體的優缺點詳解

（總結）Nginx/LVS/HAProxy負載均衡軟體的優缺點詳解

使用LVS實現負載均衡原理及安裝配置詳解（轉）

Nginx/LVS/HAProxy負載均衡軟體的優缺點詳解（轉）

使用LVS負載均衡搭建web群集的原理及安裝配置詳解

使用apache和nginx代理實現tomcat負載均衡及叢集配置詳解

實驗環境：

1、nginx的代理功能

2、apache的代理功能

①http方式的代理

②ajp方式的代理

②、配置apache基於mod_jk的負載均衡

③使用mod_jk配置負載均衡伺服器

④.apache mod_proxy實現基於http的負載均衡配置：

⑤.配置session會話的永續性

⑥.配置管理介面

叢集配置：

負載均衡器：

相關推薦