Uiautomator2監聽網路狀態，連線指定Wi-Fi

阿新 • • 發佈：2019-01-23

工作中接觸到uiautomator測試框架，從1.0到2.0，改動還是挺大的，1.0是以jar的形式push到手機中，主要是已Eclipse開發為主，到了2.0則是以apk形式安裝到手機中，主要是以Android Studio開發為主，個人感覺還是2.0要強大，而且方便一些。下面直接進入主題，利用uiautomator2實現監聽網路狀態的變化。

1.首先新建一個Android工程，測試部分主要在androidTest包下編寫，

2.在gradle中defaultConfig標籤下增加：

 testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"

在dependencies下新增

androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test.uiautomator:uiautomator-v18:2.1.0'

還有就是不要忘記新增Wi-Fi許可權：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CHANGE_WIFI_MULTICAST_STATE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CHANGE_WIFI_STATE" />

3.在androidTest包下編寫測試用例：

package com.example.macbook.myapplication;

import  android.content.Context;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.net.ConnectivityManager;
import android.net.NetworkInfo;
import android.net.wifi.WifiConfiguration;
import android.net.wifi.WifiManager;
import android.os.RemoteException;
import android.support.test.InstrumentationRegistry;
import android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;
import android.support.test.uiautomator.UiDevice;
import android.util.Log;

import com.example.macbook.myapplication.broadcast.NetWorkConnectChangedReceiver;
import com.example.macbook.myapplication.config.AppConfig;
import com.example.macbook.myapplication.util.WifiAdminTest;

import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;

@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
public class TestEnv {
    private Context context;
    private UiDevice device;
private WifiAdminTest wifiAdminTest;
    @Before
    public void setUp() throws RemoteException {
        context = InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation().getTargetContext().getApplicationContext();
        device = UiDevice.getInstance(InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation());
        if (!device.isScreenOn()) {
            device.wakeUp();
        }
        wifiAdminTest=new WifiAdminTest(context);
        device.pressHome();
        IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter();
        filter.addAction("android.net.conn.CONNECTIVITY_CHANGE");
        filter.addAction("android.net.wifi.WIFI_STATE_CHANGED");
        filter.addAction("android.net.wifi.STATE_CHANGE");
        context.registerReceiver(new NetWorkConnectChangedReceiver(),filter);

    }

    @Test
    public void test_ssid() {
        if(!wifiAdminTest.getWifiManager().isWifiEnabled()){
            Log.e("xujun","wifi沒開啟");
            wifiAdminTest.openWifi(context);
        }else{

            WifiConfiguration wifiConfiguration = wifiAdminTest.CreateWifiInfo(AppConfig.FLAG_SSID, AppConfig.FLAG_PWD, 3);
            wifiAdminTest.addNetwork(wifiConfiguration);

            ConnectivityManager manager = (ConnectivityManager) context.getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);

            NetworkInfo wifiInfo = manager.getNetworkInfo(ConnectivityManager.TYPE_WIFI);
            WifiManager wifiManager = (WifiManager) context
                    .getSystemService(Context.WIFI_SERVICE);
            String wifiSSID = wifiManager.getConnectionInfo()
                    .getSSID();
            if (wifiInfo.isConnected()) {
                Log.e("TAG = ",wifiSSID + "連線成功");
            }else {
                Log.e("TAG = ",wifiSSID + "連線不成功");

            }
        }
    }
    @After
    public void tearDown(){

    }
}

廣播類：

package com.example.macbook.myapplication.broadcast;

import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.net.ConnectivityManager;
import android.net.NetworkInfo;
import android.net.wifi.WifiManager;
import android.os.Parcelable;
import android.util.Log;
/*網路改變監控廣播
 *<p>
 *監聽網路的改變狀態,只有在使用者操作網路連線開關(wifi,mobile)的時候接受廣播,
 *然後對相應的介面進行相應的操作，並將 狀態 儲存在我們的APP裡面
 *<p>
 *<p>
 *Created by xujun
 */

public class NetWorkConnectChangedReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {

    private static final String TAG_1 = "TAG_broad";
    public static final String TAG_2 = "xxx";

    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        // 這個監聽wifi的開啟與關閉，與wifi的連線無關
        if (WifiManager.WIFI_STATE_CHANGED_ACTION.equals(intent.getAction())) {
            int wifiState = intent.getIntExtra(WifiManager.EXTRA_WIFI_STATE, 0);
            Log.e(TAG_2, "wifiState" + wifiState);
            switch (wifiState) {
                case WifiManager.WIFI_STATE_DISABLED:
                    Log.e(TAG_1, "wifi closed");
                    break;
                case WifiManager.WIFI_STATE_DISABLING:

                    break;
                case WifiManager.WIFI_STATE_ENABLING:
                    break;
                case WifiManager.WIFI_STATE_ENABLED:
                    Log.e(TAG_1, "wifi open");
                    break;
                case WifiManager.WIFI_STATE_UNKNOWN:
                    break;
                default:
                    break;


            }
        }
        // 這個監聽wifi的連線狀態即是否連上了一個有效無線路由，當上邊廣播的狀態是WifiManager
        // .WIFI_STATE_DISABLING，和WIFI_STATE_DISABLED的時候，根本不會接到這個廣播。
        // 在上邊廣播接到廣播是WifiManager.WIFI_STATE_ENABLED狀態的同時也會接到這個廣播，
        // 當然剛開啟wifi肯定還沒有連線到有效的無線
        if (WifiManager.NETWORK_STATE_CHANGED_ACTION.equals(intent.getAction())) {
            Parcelable parcelableExtra = intent
                    .getParcelableExtra(WifiManager.EXTRA_NETWORK_INFO);
            if (null != parcelableExtra) {
                NetworkInfo networkInfo = (NetworkInfo) parcelableExtra;
                NetworkInfo.State state = networkInfo.getState();
                boolean isConnected = state == NetworkInfo.State.CONNECTED;// 當然，這邊可以更精確的確定狀態
                Log.e(TAG_2, "isConnected" + isConnected);
                if (isConnected) {
                    Log.e(TAG_1, "wifi true");
                } else {
                    Log.e(TAG_1, "wifi false");
                }
            }
        }
        // 這個監聽網路連線的設定，包括wifi和移動資料的開啟和關閉。.
        // 最好用的還是這個監聽。wifi如果開啟，關閉，以及連線上可用的連線都會接到監聽。見log
        // 這個廣播的最大弊端是比上邊兩個廣播的反應要慢，如果只是要監聽wifi，我覺得還是用上邊兩個配合比較合適
        if (ConnectivityManager.CONNECTIVITY_ACTION.equals(intent.getAction())) {
            ConnectivityManager manager = (ConnectivityManager) context
                    .getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);
            Log.i(TAG_2, "CONNECTIVITY_ACTION");

            NetworkInfo activeNetwork = manager.getActiveNetworkInfo();
            if (activeNetwork != null) { // connected to the internet
                if (activeNetwork.isConnected()) {
                    if (activeNetwork.getType() == ConnectivityManager.TYPE_WIFI) {
                        // connected to wifi
                        Log.e(TAG_1, "當前WiFi連線可用 ");
                    } else if (activeNetwork.getType() == ConnectivityManager.TYPE_MOBILE) {
                        // connected to the mobile provider's data plan
                        Log.e(TAG_1, "當前行動網路連線可用 ");
                    }
                } else {
                    Log.e(TAG_1, "當前沒有網路連線，請確保你已經開啟網路 ");
                }


                Log.e(TAG_2, "info.getTypeName()" + activeNetwork.getTypeName());
                Log.e(TAG_2, "getSubtypeName()" + activeNetwork.getSubtypeName());
                Log.e(TAG_2, "getState()" + activeNetwork.getState());
                Log.e(TAG_2, "getDetailedState()"
                        + activeNetwork.getDetailedState().name());
                Log.e(TAG_2, "getDetailedState()" + activeNetwork.getExtraInfo());
                Log.e(TAG_2, "getType()" + activeNetwork.getType());
            } else {   // not connected to the internet
                Log.e(TAG_1, "當前沒有網路連線，請確保你已經開啟網路 ");

            }


        }
    }


}

WifiAdmin類：

package com.example.macbook.myapplication.util;

import android.content.Context;
import android.net.wifi.ScanResult;
import android.net.wifi.WifiConfiguration;
import android.net.wifi.WifiInfo;
import android.net.wifi.WifiManager;
import android.net.wifi.WifiManager.WifiLock;
import android.widget.Toast;

import java.util.List;

public class WifiAdminTest {
    // 定義WifiManager物件
    private WifiManager mWifiManager;
    // 定義WifiInfo物件
    private WifiInfo mWifiInfo;
    // 掃描出的網路連線列表
    private List<ScanResult> mWifiList;
    // 網路連線列表
    private List<WifiConfiguration> mWifiConfiguration;
    // 定義一個WifiLock
    WifiLock mWifiLock;

    // 構造器
    public WifiAdminTest(Context context) {
        // 取得WifiManager物件
        mWifiManager = (WifiManager) context
                .getSystemService(Context.WIFI_SERVICE);
        // 取得WifiInfo物件
        mWifiInfo = mWifiManager.getConnectionInfo();
    }

    // 開啟WIFI
    public void openWifi(Context context) {
        if (!mWifiManager.isWifiEnabled()) {
            mWifiManager.setWifiEnabled(true);
        }else if (mWifiManager.getWifiState() == WifiManager.WIFI_STATE_ENABLING) {
            Toast.makeText(context,"親，Wifi正在開啟，不用再開了", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }else{
            Toast.makeText(context,"親，Wifi已經開啟,不用再開了", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }

    // 關閉WIFI
    public void closeWifi(Context context) {
        if (mWifiManager.isWifiEnabled()) {
            mWifiManager.setWifiEnabled(false);
        }else if(mWifiManager.getWifiState() == WifiManager.WIFI_STATE_DISABLED){
            Toast.makeText(context,"親，Wifi已經關閉，不用再關了", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }else if (mWifiManager.getWifiState() == WifiManager.WIFI_STATE_DISABLING) {
            Toast.makeText(context,"親，Wifi正在關閉，不用再關了", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }else{
            Toast.makeText(context,"請重新關閉", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }
public WifiManager getWifiManager(){
        if(mWifiManager!=null){
            return mWifiManager;
        }
        return null;
}
    // 檢查當前WIFI狀態
    public void checkState(Context context) {
        if (mWifiManager.getWifiState() == WifiManager.WIFI_STATE_DISABLING) {
            Toast.makeText(context,"Wifi正在關閉", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        } else if (mWifiManager.getWifiState() == WifiManager.WIFI_STATE_DISABLED) {
            Toast.makeText(context,"Wifi已經關閉", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        } else if (mWifiManager.getWifiState() == WifiManager.WIFI_STATE_ENABLING) {
            Toast.makeText(context,"Wifi正在開啟", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        } else if (mWifiManager.getWifiState() == WifiManager.WIFI_STATE_ENABLED) {
            Toast.makeText(context,"Wifi已經開啟", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        } else {
            Toast.makeText(context,"沒有獲取到WiFi狀態", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }

    // 鎖定WifiLock
    public void acquireWifiLock() {
        mWifiLock.acquire();
    }

    // 解鎖WifiLock
    public void releaseWifiLock() {
        // 判斷時候鎖定
        if (mWifiLock.isHeld()) {
            mWifiLock.acquire();
        }
    }

    // 建立一個WifiLock
    public void creatWifiLock() {
        mWifiLock = mWifiManager.createWifiLock("Test");
    }

    // 得到配置好的網路
    public List<WifiConfiguration> getConfiguration() {
        return mWifiConfiguration;
    }

    // 指定配置好的網路進行連線
    public void connectConfiguration(int index) {
        // 索引大於配置好的網路索引返回
        if (index > mWifiConfiguration.size()) {
            return;
        }
        // 連線配置好的指定ID的網路
        mWifiManager.enableNetwork(mWifiConfiguration.get(index).networkId,
                true);
    }

    public void startScan(Context context) {
        mWifiManager.startScan();
        // 得到掃描結果
        mWifiList = mWifiManager.getScanResults();
        // 得到配置好的網路連線
        mWifiConfiguration = mWifiManager.getConfiguredNetworks();
        if (mWifiList == null) {
            if(mWifiManager.getWifiState()==WifiManager.WIFI_STATE_ENABLED){
                Toast.makeText(context,"當前區域沒有無線網路", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }else if(mWifiManager.getWifiState()==WifiManager.WIFI_STATE_ENABLING){
                Toast.makeText(context,"WiFi正在開啟，請稍後重新點選掃描", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }else{
                Toast.makeText(context,"WiFi沒有開啟，無法掃描", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        }
    }

    // 得到網路列表
    public List<ScanResult> getWifiList() {
        return mWifiList;
    }

    // 檢視掃描結果
    public StringBuilder lookUpScan() {
        StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
        for (int i = 0; i < mWifiList.size(); i++) {
            stringBuilder
                    .append("Index_" + new Integer(i + 1).toString() + ":");
            // 將ScanResult資訊轉換成一個字串包
            // 其中把包括：BSSID、SSID、capabilities、frequency、level
            stringBuilder.append((mWifiList.get(i)).toString());
            stringBuilder.append("/n");
        }
        return stringBuilder;
    }

    // 得到MAC地址
    public String getMacAddress() {
        return (mWifiInfo == null) ? "NULL" : mWifiInfo.getMacAddress();
    }

    // 得到接入點的BSSID
    public String getBSSID() {
        return (mWifiInfo == null) ? "NULL" : mWifiInfo.getBSSID();
    }

    // 得到IP地址
    public int getIPAddress() {
        return (mWifiInfo == null) ? 0 : mWifiInfo.getIpAddress();
    }

    // 得到連線的ID
    public int getNetworkId() {
        return (mWifiInfo == null) ? 0 : mWifiInfo.getNetworkId();
    }

    // 得到WifiInfo的所有資訊包
    public String getWifiInfo() {
        return (mWifiInfo == null) ? "NULL" : mWifiInfo.toString();
    }

    // 新增一個網路並連線
    public void addNetwork(WifiConfiguration wcg) {
        int wcgID = mWifiManager.addNetwork(wcg);
        boolean b =  mWifiManager.enableNetwork(wcgID, true);
        System.out.println("a--" + wcgID);
        System.out.println("b--" + b);
    }

    // 斷開指定ID的網路
    public void disconnectWifi(int netId) {
        mWifiManager.disableNetwork(netId);
        mWifiManager.disconnect();
    }
    public void removeWifi(int netId) {
        disconnectWifi(netId);
        mWifiManager.removeNetwork(netId);
    }

//然後是一個實際應用方法，只驗證過沒有密碼的情況：

    public WifiConfiguration CreateWifiInfo(String SSID, String Password, int Type)
    {
        WifiConfiguration config = new WifiConfiguration();
        config.allowedAuthAlgorithms.clear();
        config.allowedGroupCiphers.clear();
        config.allowedKeyManagement.clear();
        config.allowedPairwiseCiphers.clear();
        config.allowedProtocols.clear();
        config.SSID = "\"" + SSID + "\"";

        WifiConfiguration tempConfig = this.IsExsits(SSID);
        if(tempConfig != null) {
            mWifiManager.removeNetwork(tempConfig.networkId);
        }

        if(Type == 1) //WIFICIPHER_NOPASS
        {
            config.wepKeys[0] = "";
            config.allowedKeyManagement.set(WifiConfiguration.KeyMgmt.NONE);
            config.wepTxKeyIndex = 0;
        }
        if(Type == 2) //WIFICIPHER_WEP
        {
            config.hiddenSSID = true;
            config.wepKeys[0]= "\""+Password+"\"";
            config.allowedAuthAlgorithms.set(WifiConfiguration.AuthAlgorithm.SHARED);
            config.allowedGroupCiphers.set(WifiConfiguration.GroupCipher.CCMP);
            config.allowedGroupCiphers.set(WifiConfiguration.GroupCipher.TKIP);
            config.allowedGroupCiphers.set(WifiConfiguration.GroupCipher.WEP40);
            config.allowedGroupCiphers.set(WifiConfiguration.GroupCipher.WEP104);
            config.allowedKeyManagement.set(WifiConfiguration.KeyMgmt.NONE);
            config.wepTxKeyIndex = 0;
        }
        if(Type == 3) //WIFICIPHER_WPA
        {
            config.preSharedKey = "\""+Password+"\"";
            config.hiddenSSID = true;
            config.allowedAuthAlgorithms.set(WifiConfiguration.AuthAlgorithm.OPEN);
            config.allowedGroupCiphers.set(WifiConfiguration.GroupCipher.TKIP);
            config.allowedKeyManagement.set(WifiConfiguration.KeyMgmt.WPA_PSK);
            config.allowedPairwiseCiphers.set(WifiConfiguration.PairwiseCipher.TKIP);
            //config.allowedProtocols.set(WifiConfiguration.Protocol.WPA);
            config.allowedGroupCiphers.set(WifiConfiguration.GroupCipher.CCMP);
            config.allowedPairwiseCiphers.set(WifiConfiguration.PairwiseCipher.CCMP);
            config.status = WifiConfiguration.Status.ENABLED;
        }
        return config;
    }

    private WifiConfiguration IsExsits(String SSID)
    {
        List<WifiConfiguration> existingConfigs = mWifiManager.getConfiguredNetworks();
        for (WifiConfiguration existingConfig : existingConfigs)
        {
            if (existingConfig.SSID.equals("\""+SSID+"\""))
            {
                return existingConfig;
            }
        }
        return null;
    }
}

本例子的廣播是在setUp方法中動態註冊，我們知道動態註冊廣播的特點就是廣播的生命週期跟隨這個類，並且該測試類從setUp()到tearDown()執行時間特別快，導致wifi狀態還沒監聽完就被銷燬了，不過指定的Wi-Fi一定會成功的。

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