如何使用自定義的密碼加密和驗證方法？從網上找到了解決辦法，現記錄下來，一方面加深印象，另一方面寫成blog備查。

從這篇文章可以瞭解laravel的認證流程：http://www.tuicool.com/articles/Av2aMb2。

按照文章中的辦法，在app下新建資料夾hash，然後新建兩個類檔案：EloquentUserProvider.php和Security.php

Security.php內容：

namespace App\hash;

use Illuminate\Contracts\Hashing\Hasher;

/**
 * 加密類庫，移植自Yii2.0的Security類
 */
class Security implements Hasher
{
   
    public $passwordHashCost = 13;

    private $_useLibreSSL;
    private $_randomFile;

    /**
     * Generates specified number of random bytes.
     * Note that output may not be ASCII.
     * @see generateRandomString() if you need a string.
     *
     * @param integer $length the number of bytes to generate
     * @return string the generated random bytes
     * @throws InvalidParamException if wrong length is specified
     * @throws Exception on failure.
     */
    public function generateRandomKey($length = 32)
    {
        if (!is_int($length)) {
            throw new Exception('First parameter ($length) must be an integer');
        }

        if ($length < 1) {
            throw new Exception('First parameter ($length) must be greater than 0');
        }

        // always use random_bytes() if it is available
        if (function_exists('random_bytes')) {
            return random_bytes($length);
        }

        // The recent LibreSSL RNGs are faster and likely better than /dev/urandom.
        // Parse OPENSSL_VERSION_TEXT because OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER is no use for LibreSSL.
        // https://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=71143
        if ($this->_useLibreSSL === null) {
            $this->_useLibreSSL = defined('OPENSSL_VERSION_TEXT')
                && preg_match('{^LibreSSL (\d\d?)\.(\d\d?)\.(\d\d?)$}', OPENSSL_VERSION_TEXT, $matches)
                && (10000 * $matches[1]) + (100 * $matches[2]) + $matches[3] >= 20105;
        }

        // Since 5.4.0, openssl_random_pseudo_bytes() reads from CryptGenRandom on Windows instead
        // of using OpenSSL library. LibreSSL is OK everywhere but don't use OpenSSL on non-Windows.
        if ($this->_useLibreSSL
            || (
                DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR !== '/'
                && substr_compare(PHP_OS, 'win', 0, 3, true) === 0
                && function_exists('openssl_random_pseudo_bytes')
            )
        ) {
            $key = openssl_random_pseudo_bytes($length, $cryptoStrong);
            if ($cryptoStrong === false) {
                throw new Exception(
                    'openssl_random_pseudo_bytes() set $crypto_strong false. Your PHP setup is insecure.'
                );
            }
            if ($key !== false && StringHelper::byteLength($key) === $length) {
                return $key;
            }
        }

        // mcrypt_create_iv() does not use libmcrypt. Since PHP 5.3.7 it directly reads
        // CryptGenRandom on Windows. Elsewhere it directly reads /dev/urandom.
        if (function_exists('mcrypt_create_iv')) {
            $key = mcrypt_create_iv($length, MCRYPT_DEV_URANDOM);
            if (StringHelper::byteLength($key) === $length) {
                return $key;
            }
        }

        // If not on Windows, try to open a random device.
        if ($this->_randomFile === null && DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR === '/') {
            // urandom is a symlink to random on FreeBSD.
            $device = PHP_OS === 'FreeBSD' ? '/dev/random' : '/dev/urandom';
            // Check random device for special character device protection mode. Use lstat()
            // instead of stat() in case an attacker arranges a symlink to a fake device.
            $lstat = @lstat($device);
            if ($lstat !== false && ($lstat['mode'] & 0170000) === 020000) {
                $this->_randomFile = fopen($device, 'rb') ?: null;

                if (is_resource($this->_randomFile)) {
                    // Reduce PHP stream buffer from default 8192 bytes to optimize data
                    // transfer from the random device for smaller values of $length.
                    // This also helps to keep future randoms out of user memory space.
                    $bufferSize = 8;

                    if (function_exists('stream_set_read_buffer')) {
                        stream_set_read_buffer($this->_randomFile, $bufferSize);
                    }
                    // stream_set_read_buffer() isn't implemented on HHVM
                    if (function_exists('stream_set_chunk_size')) {
                        stream_set_chunk_size($this->_randomFile, $bufferSize);
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        if (is_resource($this->_randomFile)) {
            $buffer = '';
            $stillNeed = $length;
            while ($stillNeed > 0) {
                $someBytes = fread($this->_randomFile, $stillNeed);
                if ($someBytes === false) {
                    break;
                }
                $buffer .= $someBytes;
                $stillNeed -= StringHelper::byteLength($someBytes);
                if ($stillNeed === 0) {
                    // Leaving file pointer open in order to make next generation faster by reusing it.
                    return $buffer;
                }
            }
            fclose($this->_randomFile);
            $this->_randomFile = null;
        }

        throw new Exception('Unable to generate a random key');
    }

    /**
     * Generates a random string of specified length.
     * The string generated matches [A-Za-z0-9_-]+ and is transparent to URL-encoding.
     *
     * @param integer $length the length of the key in characters
     * @return string the generated random key
     * @throws Exception on failure.
     */
    public function generateRandomString($length = 32)
    {
        if (!is_int($length)) {
            throw new Exception('First parameter ($length) must be an integer');
        }

        if ($length < 1) {
            throw new Exception('First parameter ($length) must be greater than 0');
        }

        $bytes = $this->generateRandomKey($length);
        // '=' character(s) returned by base64_encode() are always discarded because
        // they are guaranteed to be after position $length in the base64_encode() output.
        return strtr(substr(base64_encode($bytes), 0, $length), '+/', '_-');
    }

    /**
     * Generates a secure hash from a password and a random salt.
     *
     * The generated hash can be stored in database.
     * Later when a password needs to be validated, the hash can be fetched and passed
     * to [[validatePassword()]]. For example,
     *
     * ```php
     * // generates the hash (usually done during user registration or when the password is changed)
     * $hash = Yii::$app->getSecurity()->generatePasswordHash($password);
     * // ...save $hash in database...
     *
     * // during login, validate if the password entered is correct using $hash fetched from database
     * if (Yii::$app->getSecurity()->validatePassword($password, $hash) {
     *     // password is good
     * } else {
     *     // password is bad
     * }
     * ```
     *
     * @param string $password The password to be hashed.
     * @param integer $cost Cost parameter used by the Blowfish hash algorithm.
     * The higher the value of cost,
     * the longer it takes to generate the hash and to verify a password against it. Higher cost
     * therefore slows down a brute-force attack. For best protection against brute-force attacks,
     * set it to the highest value that is tolerable on production servers. The time taken to
     * compute the hash doubles for every increment by one of $cost.
     * @return string The password hash string. When [[passwordHashStrategy]] is set to 'crypt',
     * the output is always 60 ASCII characters, when set to 'password_hash' the output length
     * might increase in future versions of PHP (http://php.net/manual/en/function.password-hash.php)
     * @throws Exception on bad password parameter or cost parameter.
     * @see validatePassword()
     */
    public function generatePasswordHash($password, $cost = null)
    {
        if ($cost === null) {
            $cost = $this->passwordHashCost;
        }

        if (function_exists('password_hash')) {
            /** @noinspection PhpUndefinedConstantInspection */
            return password_hash($password, PASSWORD_DEFAULT, ['cost' => $cost]);
        }

        $salt = $this->generateSalt($cost);
        $hash = crypt($password, $salt);
        // strlen() is safe since crypt() returns only ascii
        if (!is_string($hash) || strlen($hash) !== 60) {
            throw new Exception('Unknown error occurred while generating hash.');
        }

        return $hash;
    }

    /**
     * Verifies a password against a hash.
     * @param string $password The password to verify.
     * @param string $hash The hash to verify the password against.
     * @return boolean whether the password is correct.
     * @throws InvalidParamException on bad password/hash parameters or if crypt() with Blowfish hash is not available.
     * @see generatePasswordHash()
     */
    public function validatePassword($password, $hash)
    {
        if (!is_string($password) || $password === '') {
            throw new Exception('Password must be a string and cannot be empty.');
        }

        if (!preg_match('/^\$2[axy]\$(\d\d)\$[\.\/0-9A-Za-z]{22}/', $hash, $matches)
            || $matches[1] < 4
            || $matches[1] > 30
        ) {
            throw new Exception('Hash is invalid.');
        }

        if (function_exists('password_verify')) {
            return password_verify($password, $hash);
        }

        $test = crypt($password, $hash);
        $n = strlen($test);
        if ($n !== 60) {
            return false;
        }

        return $this->compareString($test, $hash);
    }

    /**
     * Generates a salt that can be used to generate a password hash.
     *
     * The PHP [crypt()](http://php.net/manual/en/function.crypt.php) built-in function
     * requires, for the Blowfish hash algorithm, a salt string in a specific format:
     * "$2a$", "$2x$" or "$2y$", a two digit cost parameter, "$", and 22 characters
     * from the alphabet "./0-9A-Za-z".
     *
     * @param integer $cost the cost parameter
     * @return string the random salt value.
     * @throws InvalidParamException if the cost parameter is out of the range of 4 to 31.
     */
    protected function generateSalt($cost = 13)
    {
        $cost = (int) $cost;
        if ($cost < 4 || $cost > 31) {
            throw new Exception('Cost must be between 4 and 31.');
        }

        // Get a 20-byte random string
        $rand = $this->generateRandomKey(20);
        // Form the prefix that specifies Blowfish (bcrypt) algorithm and cost parameter.
        $salt = sprintf("$2y$%02d$", $cost);
        // Append the random salt data in the required base64 format.
        $salt .= str_replace('+', '.', substr(base64_encode($rand), 0, 22));

        return $salt;
    }

    /**
     * Performs string comparison using timing attack resistant approach.
     * @see http://codereview.stackexchange.com/questions/13512
     * @param string $expected string to compare.
     * @param string $actual user-supplied string.
     * @return boolean whether strings are equal.
     */
    public function compareString($expected, $actual)
    {
        $expected .= "\0";
        $actual .= "\0";
        $expectedLength = StringHelper::byteLength($expected);
        $actualLength = StringHelper::byteLength($actual);
        $diff = $expectedLength - $actualLength;
        for ($i = 0; $i < $actualLength; $i++) {
            $diff |= (ord($actual[$i]) ^ ord($expected[$i % $expectedLength]));
        }
        return $diff === 0;
    }

    public function make($value, array $options = [])
    {
        return $this->generatePasswordHash($value);
    }

    public function check($password, $hashedValue, array $options = [])
    {
        if (!is_string($password) || $password === '') {
            throw new Exception('Password must be a string and cannot be empty.');
        }

        if (!preg_match('/^\$2[axy]\$(\d\d)\$[\.\/0-9A-Za-z]{22}/', $hashedValue['password'], $matches)
            || $matches[1] < 4
            || $matches[1] > 30
        ) {
            throw new Exception('Hash is invalid.');
        }

        if (function_exists('password_verify')) {
            
            return password_verify($password, $hashedValue['password']);
        }

        $test = crypt($password, $hashedValue['password']);
        $n = strlen($test);
        if ($n !== 60) {
            return false;
        }

        return $this->compareString($test, $hashedValue['password']);
    }

    public function needsRehash($hashedValue, array $options = [])
    {
        return false;
    }
}
 

新註冊使用者時，將會呼叫make方法生成加密的密碼；使用者登入時，呼叫check校驗密碼。

EloquentUserProvider.php內容：

<?php
namespace App\hash;

use Illuminate\Auth\EloquentUserProvider;
use Illuminate\Contracts\Auth\Authenticatable;
use Illuminate\Support\Str;

class EloquentUserProvider extends EloquentUserProvider
{

	/**
	 * Validate a user against the given credentials.
	 *
	 * @param \Illuminate\Contracts\Auth\Authenticatable $user
	 * @param array $credentials
	 * @return bool
	 */
	public function validateCredentials(Authenticatable $user, array $credentials)
	{
		$plain = $credentials['password'];
		$authPassword = $user->getAuthPassword();
		//return bcrypt($plain) === $authPassword['password'];
		return $this->hasher->check($plain, $authPassword);
	}
}
 

然後需要修改User類，新增getAuthPassword方法：

public function getAuthPassword()
    {
        return ['password' => $this->attributes['password_hash']];
    }

使用命令列：

php artisan make:provider HashServiceProvider

此命令會在app/Providers下建立檔案：HashServiceProvider.php，開啟這個檔案，在register方法中新增下面程式碼：

$this->app['hash'] = $this->app->share(function() {
    return new \App\hash\Security();
});

修改config/app.php檔案引用介面卡：

//註釋掉這一行
//Illuminate\Hashing\HashServiceProvider::class,
//新增下面這一行
App\Providers\HashServiceProvider::class,

開啟app/Providers/AuthServiceProvider.php，修改boot方法：

public function boot()
    {
        $this->registerPolicies();

        \Auth::provider('my-eloquent', function($app, $config) {
            return new \App\hash\EloquentUserProvider($this->app['hash'], $config['model']);
        });
    }

'users' => [
            'driver' => 'my-eloquent',
            'model' => App\User::class,
        ],