Django 系列部落格（三）
阿新 • • 發佈：2019-01-07
Django 系列部落格（三）
前言
本篇部落格介紹 django 的前後端互動及如何處理 get 請求和 post 請求。
get 請求
get請求是單純的請求一個頁面資源，一般不建議進行賬號資訊的傳輸。
配置路由
from django.conf.urls import url from django.contrib import admin import app.views as app_views import newApp.views as new_views urlpatterns = [ url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls), url(r'^$', app_views.home), # 路由採用正則匹配, ^以什麼開頭 $以什麼結果 # 注: 當路由沒有子路由是,才在末尾新增$ url(r'^index/$', app_views.index), url(r'login', app_views.login_action), url(r'^new/index/$', new_views.index) ]
配置檢視
from django.shortcuts import render, redirect from django.http import HttpResponse # Create your views here. # 每一個請求,都對應一個檢視響應函式,來出現請求,完成響應 # def index(abc): # return HttpResponse('hello django') # 第一個響應 import django.core.handlers.wsgi def login_action(request): return render(request, 'login.html') # 第一個響應頁面 # def home(request): # return redirect('/index/') # 第一個重定向 def home(request): return render(request, 'index.html') def index(request): return redirect('/')
配置頁面資源
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>主頁</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1 style="text-align: center">app的主頁</h1>
</body>
</html><!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>登入</title> </head> <body> <h1 style="color: red">登入</h1> </body> </html>
post 請求
配置路由
from django.conf.urls import url
from django.contrib import admin
from app import views
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
url(r'^$', views.home),
url(r'^index/$', views.index),
url(r'^login/$', views.login, name='lg'),
]配置檢視
from django.shortcuts import render, redirect
import pymysql
# Create your views here.
def home(request):
return render(request, 'index.html')
def index(request):
return redirect('/')
'''
def login(request):
print(request.method)
# 如果獲取GET請求的提交資料
# import django.core.handlers.wsgi
# print(type(request))
# import django.http.request.QueryDict
# print(type(request.GET))
print(request.GET)
# usr = request.GET['usr'] # 不安全
usr = request.GET.get('usr', 'USR') # 安全, 第一個引數為資料的key, 第二個引數為預設值
print(usr)
pwd = request.GET.get('pwd') # 不設預設值,沒有取到值時,返回值為None
print(pwd)
return render(request, 'login.html')
'''
from django.http import HttpResponse
def login(request):
if request.method == 'GET':
stus = request.GET.getlist('stu')
print(stus)
return render(request, 'login.html')
# 沒有GET分支, 發來的請求為POST
usr = request.POST.get('usr')
pwd = request.POST.get('pwd')
print(usr, pwd)
# 連線資料庫 => ORM
conn = pymysql.connect(host='localhost', port=3306, user='root', password='root', db='django')
cur = conn.cursor(pymysql.cursors.DictCursor)
# cur.execute('select * from user')
# users = cur.fetchall()
cur.execute('select * from user where usr=%s and pwd=%s', [usr, pwd])
res = cur.fetchone()
print(res)
if res != None:
return HttpResponse('登入成功')
return HttpResponse('登入失敗')配置頁面資源
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>主頁</title>
{# <link rel="stylesheet" href="./index.css">#}
{# <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/index.css">#}
{# <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/temp.css">#}
{# <link rel="stylesheet" href="/ooo/index.css">#}
{# <link rel="stylesheet" href="/ooo/temp.css">#}
{# <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/css/test.css">#}
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/css/index.css">
</head>
<body>
<h1 style="text-align: center">主頁</h1>
<img src="/static/img/001.png" alt="">
</body>
</html><!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>登入</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/css/bootstrap.css">
<style>
.box {
border: 1px solid #ccc;
padding: 20px;
border-radius: 20px;
height: 380px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
{#<button class="btn btn-warning"> 按鈕</button>#}
{#<div class="btn-group">#}
{# <button class="btn btn-default btn-lg dropdown-toggle" type="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true"#}
{# aria-expanded="false">#}
{# Large button <span class="caret"></span>#}
{# </button>#}
{# <ul class="dropdown-menu">#}
{# <li><a href="#">Action</a></li>#}
{# <li><a href="#">Another action</a></li>#}
{# <li><a href="#">Something else here</a></li>#}
{# <li role="separator" class="divider"></li>#}
{# <li><a href="#">Separated link</a></li>#}
{# </ul>#}
{#</div>#}
<div class="container">
<div class="box row col-sm-6 col-sm-offset-3">
{# action: 沒寫 | http://localhost:8801/login | /login/ | {% url 'url_name' %} #}
<form action="{% url 'lg' %}" method="GET">
{# {% csrf_token %}#}
<div class="form-group">
<label for="usr">使用者名稱:</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" name="usr" id="usr" placeholder="請輸入使用者名稱">
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="pwd">Password</label>
<input type="password" class="form-control" name="pwd" id="pwd" placeholder="請輸入密碼">
</div>
<div class="checkbox">
<label>
<input name="stu" type="checkbox" value="stu1"> 學生1
</label>
<label>
<input name="stu" type="checkbox" value="stu2"> 學生2
</label>
<label>
<input name="stu" type="checkbox" value="stu3"> 學生3
</label>
</div>
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-info pull-right">登入</button>
</form>
</div>
</div>
{#<a href="/index/">前往主頁</a>#}
</body>
<script src="/static/bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/js/jquery-3.3.1.js"></script>
<script src="/static/bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/js/bootstrap.js"></script>
</html>前後端互動
Django請求生命週期
