virtualbox中linux設定NAT和Host-Only上網(實現雙機互通同時可上外網)
阿新 • • 發佈:2019-01-03
關於虛擬機器中幾種網路連線方式請參考其他教程。
連線方式:NAT網路
網絡卡2選擇:
連線方式:僅主機(Host-Only)網路
[[email protected] network-scripts]# vim ifcfg-eth1
DEVICE=eth1
TYPE=Ethernet
ONBOOT=yes
NM_CONTROLLED=yes
BOOTPROTO=static
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
IPADDR=192.168.56.101
執行ifconfig -a,會出現2塊網絡卡,eth0和eth1:
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:59:84:A1
inet addr:10.0.2.15 Bcast:10.0.2.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fe59:84a1/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:13 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:55 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:3762 (3.6 KiB) TX bytes:5272 (5.1 KiB)
eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:7B:A4:51
inet addr:192.168.56.101 Bcast:192.168.56.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fe7b:a451/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:481 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:481 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:46070 (44.9 KiB) TX bytes:53168 (51.9 KiB)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b)
64 bytes from 119.75.213.61: icmp_seq=1 ttl=50 time=36.0 ms
64 bytes from 119.75.213.61: icmp_seq=2 ttl=50 time=41.8 ms
64 bytes from 119.75.213.61: icmp_seq=3 ttl=50 time=39.4 ms
64 bytes from 172.30.100.73: icmp_seq=1 ttl=63 time=1.03 ms
64 bytes from 172.30.100.73: icmp_seq=2 ttl=63 time=1.12 ms
64 bytes from 172.30.100.73: icmp_seq=3 ttl=63 time=1.12 ms
正在 Ping 192.168.56.101 具有 32 位元組的資料:
來自 192.168.56.101 的回覆: 位元組=32 時間<1ms TTL=64
平常,我們安裝好虛機,用橋接方式也就夠了。畢竟它能上內網和外網。
但是有個問題,如果你的網路環境發生變化,虛機的Ip也會隨之改變(橋接的Ip和主機ip必須是同一網段)。
為了解決此問題,喜歡折騰的我選擇了NAT網路+Host-Only的組合。NAT網路,負責上外網通訊;
Host-Only網路,負責主機和虛機通訊。1.關閉虛擬機器系統
2.管理-全域性設定,新增NAT網路
3.開啟虛擬機器設定-網路
網絡卡1選擇:連線方式:NAT網路
介面名稱:選擇2中設定的NAT網路,我這裡是預設的:NatNetwork
網絡卡2選擇:
連線方式:僅主機(Host-Only)網路
介面名稱:VirtualBox Host-Only Network, 這地方對應的就是網路連線中的網路。一定要啟用它否則選不到的。
關於此網路的詳細資訊,請看全域性工具:
不要啟用,我們後面會再linux裡配置靜態IP。
4.啟動虛擬機器系統,建立ifcfg-eth1
[[email protected] ~]# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/
[[email protected] ~]# touch ifcfg-eth1[[email protected] network-scripts]# vim ifcfg-eth1
DEVICE=eth1
TYPE=Ethernet
ONBOOT=yes
NM_CONTROLLED=yes
BOOTPROTO=static
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
IPADDR=192.168.56.101
執行ifconfig -a,會出現2塊網絡卡,eth0和eth1:
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:59:84:A1
inet addr:10.0.2.15 Bcast:10.0.2.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fe59:84a1/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:13 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:55 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:3762 (3.6 KiB) TX bytes:5272 (5.1 KiB)
eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:7B:A4:51
inet addr:192.168.56.101
inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fe7b:a451/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:481 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:481 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:46070 (44.9 KiB) TX bytes:53168 (51.9 KiB)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b)
eth0對應的NAT網路;
eth1對應Host-Only網路。5.驗證網路聯通性:
5.1 虛機訪問百度:
[[email protected] network-scripts]# ping www.baidu.com
PING www.a.shifen.com (119.75.213.61) 56(84) bytes of data.64 bytes from 119.75.213.61: icmp_seq=1 ttl=50 time=36.0 ms
64 bytes from 119.75.213.61: icmp_seq=2 ttl=50 time=41.8 ms
64 bytes from 119.75.213.61: icmp_seq=3 ttl=50 time=39.4 ms
5.2 虛機訪問主機:
[[email protected] network-scripts]# ping 172.30.100.73
PING 172.30.100.73 (172.30.100.73) 56(84) bytes of data.64 bytes from 172.30.100.73: icmp_seq=1 ttl=63 time=1.03 ms
64 bytes from 172.30.100.73: icmp_seq=2 ttl=63 time=1.12 ms
64 bytes from 172.30.100.73: icmp_seq=3 ttl=63 time=1.12 ms
5.3 主機訪問虛機:
C:\Users\ACER>ping 192.168.56.101正在 Ping 192.168.56.101 具有 32 位元組的資料:
來自 192.168.56.101 的回覆: 位元組=32 時間<1ms TTL=64
來自 192.168.56.101 的回覆: 位元組=32 時間<1ms TTL=64