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SpringBoot 單元測試(一)SpringBootTest

SpringBootTest

  1. 描述:

    該註解是用到類名上,表示自動啟動載入類或指定某個或多個載入啟動類,預設會載入當前module下的啟動類。而啟動類(如下)

    @SpringBootApplication
    public class TestApplication {
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            SpringApplication.run(TestApplication.class, args);
        }
    }
    

    @SpringBootApplication組合了多個註解,如@componentScan

    @SpringBootConfiguration@EnableAutoConfiguration。這些註解自動開啟了自動掃描、依賴注入、自動配置等功能,而且main裡的方法又載入了監聽器、過濾器、攔截器等功能,具體檢視SpringApplication.run方法的原始碼。

  2. 樣例:

/**
 * SpringBootTestDemo
 *
 * @author orjrs
 * @date 2018-10-06 19:51
 */
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
//@SpringBootTest // 1
@SpringBootTest(classes = TestApplication.class) // 2
//@SpringBootTest(classes={TestApplication.class,XXX.class}) // 3
public class SpringBootTestDemo {
    // 1. 測試類會自動載入啟動類,預設module下的啟動類
    // 2. 可以指定具體的啟動類,且可以多個(3)
    // 4. SpringBoot 2.0+版本後,預設生產啟動測試類,
    //    可以直接extends TestApplicationTests,這樣就不用家@RunWith和@SpringBo0tTest註解
}

2.註解原始碼:

import java.lang.annotation.Documented;
import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Inherited;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;
import org.springframework.core.annotation.AliasFor;
import org.springframework.test.context.BootstrapWith;

@Target({ElementType.TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Inherited
@BootstrapWith(SpringBootTestContextBootstrapper.class)
public @interface SpringBootTest {
    @AliasFor("properties")
    String[] value() default {};

    @AliasFor("value")
    String[] properties() default {};

    Class<?>[] classes() default {};

    SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment webEnvironment() default SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.MOCK;

    public static enum WebEnvironment {
        MOCK(false),
        RANDOM_PORT(true),
        DEFINED_PORT(true),
        NONE(false);

        private final boolean embedded;

        private WebEnvironment(boolean embedded) {
            this.embedded = embedded;
        }

        public boolean isEmbedded() {
            return this.embedded;
        }
    }
}