這篇主要介紹retrofit框架的上傳檔案到伺服器和從伺服器下載功能的實現

上傳檔案到伺服器

首先 retrofit2.0之前上傳檔案到伺服器需要一個叫TypedFile這個類,但是在2.0版本,這個類被取消了,因為2.0以後,retrofit內部集成了okhttp.所以retrofit2.0以後,你需要OkHttp的 RequestBody 或MultipartBody.Part這兩個類來往伺服器上傳檔案

下面我們看一個簡單的定義好的上傳檔案的介面:

public interface FileUploadService {  
    @Multipart
    @POST("upload"
 
)
    Call<ResponseBody> upload(@Part("description") RequestBody description,
                              @Part MultipartBody.Part file);
}

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解釋下上面的程式碼: 
@Part(“description”) 就是RequestBody例項中包裹的字串值 
@Part MultipartBody.Part file 我們使用MultipartBody.Part類，使我們能夠傳送實際檔案 file就是你要往伺服器上傳的檔案

下面的這段顯示檔案的URI作為uploadFile(Uri fileUri)方法的引數。如果你選擇一個檔案，你會在Android的生命週期的onActivityResult（）方法內返回。在這個方法中，你可以得到該檔案的URI，你就可以通過uploadFile()這個方法來上傳檔案.

private void uploadFile(Uri fileUri) {  
    // create upload service client
    FileUploadService service =
            ServiceGenerator.createService(FileUploadService.class);

    // https://github.com/iPaulPro/aFileChooser/blob/master/aFileChooser/src/com/ipaulpro/afilechooser/utils/FileUtils.java
    // use the FileUtils to get the actual file by uri
 

    File file = FileUtils.getFile(this, fileUri);

    // create RequestBody instance from file
    RequestBody requestFile =
            RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("multipart/form-data"), file);

    // MultipartBody.Part is used to send also the actual file name
    MultipartBody.Part body =
            MultipartBody.Part.createFormData("picture", file.getName(), requestFile);

    // add another part within the multipart request
    String descriptionString = "hello, this is description speaking";
    RequestBody description =
            RequestBody.create(
                    MediaType.parse("multipart/form-data"), descriptionString);

    // finally, execute the request
    Call<ResponseBody> call = service.upload(description, body);
    call.enqueue(new Callback<ResponseBody>() {
        @Override
        public void onResponse(Call<ResponseBody> call,
                               Response<ResponseBody> response) {
            Log.v("Upload", "success");
        }

        @Override
        public void onFailure(Call<ResponseBody> call, Throwable t) {
            Log.e("Upload error:", t.getMessage());
        }
    });
}

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從伺服器下載檔案

定義請求Request

// option 1: a resource relative to your base URL
@GET("/resource/example.zip")
Call<ResponseBody> downloadFileWithFixedUrl();

// option 2: using a dynamic URL
@GET
Call<ResponseBody> downloadFileWithDynamicUrlSync(@Url String fileUrl);  

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Call the Request

FileDownloadService downloadService = ServiceGenerator.create(FileDownloadService.class);

Call<ResponseBody> call = downloadService.downloadFileWithDynamicUrlSync(fileUrl);

call.enqueue(new Callback<ResponseBody>() {  
    @Override
    public void onResponse(Call<ResponseBody> call, Response<ResponseBody> response) {
        if (response.isSuccess()) {
            Log.d(TAG, "server contacted and has file");

            boolean writtenToDisk = writeResponseBodyToDisk(response.body());

            Log.d(TAG, "file download was a success? " + writtenToDisk);
        } else {
            Log.d(TAG, "server contact failed");
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onFailure(Call<ResponseBody> call, Throwable t) {
        Log.e(TAG, "error");
    }
});

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Save the File

private boolean writeResponseBodyToDisk(ResponseBody body) {  
    try {
        // todo change the file location/name according to your needs
        File futureStudioIconFile = new File(getExternalFilesDir(null) + File.separator + "Future Studio Icon.png");

        InputStream inputStream = null;
        OutputStream outputStream = null;

        try {
            byte[] fileReader = new byte[4096];

            long fileSize = body.contentLength();
            long fileSizeDownloaded = 0;

            inputStream = body.byteStream();
            outputStream = new FileOutputStream(futureStudioIconFile);

            while (true) {
                int read = inputStream.read(fileReader);

                if (read == -1) {
                    break;
                }

                outputStream.write(fileReader, 0, read);

                fileSizeDownloaded += read;

                Log.d(TAG, "file download: " + fileSizeDownloaded + " of " + fileSize);
            }

            outputStream.flush();

            return true;
        } catch (IOException e) {
            return false;
        } finally {
            if (inputStream != null) {
                inputStream.close();
            }

            if (outputStream != null) {
                outputStream.close();
            }
        }
    } catch (IOException e) {
        return false;
    }
}

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如果你下載的檔案很大,則使用@Streaming 
定義Request

@Streaming
@GET
Call<ResponseBody> downloadFileWithDynamicUrlAsync(@Url String fileUrl);  

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使用非同步的方式

final FileDownloadService downloadService =  
                ServiceGenerator.create(FileDownloadService.class);

new AsyncTask<Void, Long, Void>() {  
   @Override
   protected Void doInBackground(Void... voids) {
       Call<ResponseBody> call = downloadService.downloadFileWithDynamicUrlSync(fileUrl);
       call.enqueue(new Callback<ResponseBody>() {
           @Override
           public void onResponse(Call<ResponseBody> call, Response<ResponseBody> response) {
               if (response.isSuccess()) {
                   Log.d(TAG, "server contacted and has file");

                   boolean writtenToDisk = writeResponseBodyToDisk(response.body());

                   Log.d(TAG, "file download was a success? " + writtenToDisk);
               }
               else {
                   Log.d(TAG, "server contact failed");
               }
           }
       return null;
   }
}.execute();