java 使用DOM對XML文件進行增刪改查操作
阿新 • • 發佈:2018-12-30
原始碼:
package com.zc.homeWork18;
import java.io.File;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.Transformer;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;
import javax.xml.transform .stream.StreamResult;
import javax.xml.xpath.XPath;
import javax.xml.xpath.XPathConstants;
import javax.xml.xpath.XPathExpressionException;
import javax.xml.xpath.XPathFactory;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
public class XMLWriter {
private static String xmlPath = "src\\com\\zc\\homeWork18\\MyXml.xml" ;
public static void getFamilyMemebers() {
/*
* 建立檔案工廠例項
*/
DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
// 如果建立的解析器在解析XML文件時必須刪除元素內容中的空格,則為true,否則為false
dbf.setIgnoringElementContentWhitespace(true);
try {
/*
* 建立檔案物件
*/
DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();// 建立解析器,解析XML文件
Document doc = db.parse(xmlPath); // 使用dom解析xml檔案
/*
* 歷遍列表,進行XML檔案的資料提取
*/
// 根據節點名稱來獲取所有相關的節點
NodeList sonlist = doc.getElementsByTagName("son");
for (int i = 0; i < sonlist.getLength(); i++) // 迴圈處理物件
{
// 節點屬性的處理
Element son = (Element) sonlist.item(i);
// 迴圈節點son內的所有子節點
for (Node node = son.getFirstChild(); node != null; node = node
.getNextSibling()) {
// 判斷是否為元素節點
if (node.getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE) {
String name = node.getNodeName();
String value = node.getFirstChild().getNodeValue();
System.out.println(name + " : " + value);
}
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
}
}
// 修改
public static void modifySon() {
// 建立檔案工廠例項
DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
dbf.setIgnoringElementContentWhitespace(true);
try {
// 從XML文件中獲取DOM文件例項
DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
// 獲取Document物件
Document xmldoc = db.parse(xmlPath);
// 獲取根節點
Element root = xmldoc.getDocumentElement();
// 定位id為001的節點
Element per = (Element) selectSingleNode("/father/son[@id='001']",
root);
// 將age節點的內容更改為28
per.getElementsByTagName("age").item(0).setTextContent("28");
// 儲存
TransformerFactory factory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
Transformer former = factory.newTransformer();
former.transform(new DOMSource(xmldoc), new StreamResult(new File(
xmlPath)));
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
}
}
// 獲取目標節點,進行刪除,最後儲存
public static void discardSon() {
DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
dbf.setIgnoringElementContentWhitespace(true);
try {
DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
Document xmldoc = db.parse(xmlPath);
// 獲取根節點
Element root = xmldoc.getDocumentElement();
// 定位根節點中的id=002的節點
Element son = (Element) selectSingleNode("/father/son[@id='002']",
root);
// 刪除該節點
root.removeChild(son);
// 儲存
TransformerFactory factory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
Transformer former = factory.newTransformer();
former.transform(new DOMSource(xmldoc), new StreamResult(new File(
xmlPath)));
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
}
}
// 新增節點
public static void createSon() {
// 建立檔案工廠例項
DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
dbf.setIgnoringElementContentWhitespace(false);
try {
DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
// 建立Document物件
Document xmldoc = db.parse(xmlPath);
// 獲取根節點
Element root = xmldoc.getDocumentElement();
// 建立節點son,設定對應的id為004
Element son = xmldoc.createElement("son");
son.setAttribute("id", "004");
// 建立節點name
Element name = xmldoc.createElement("name");
name.setTextContent("小兒子");
son.appendChild(name);
// 建立節點age
Element age = xmldoc.createElement("age");
age.setTextContent("0");
son.appendChild(age);
// 把son新增到根節點中
root.appendChild(son);
// 儲存
TransformerFactory factory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
Transformer former = factory.newTransformer();
former.transform(new DOMSource(xmldoc), new StreamResult(new File(
xmlPath)));
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
}
}
// 修改節點資訊
public static Node selectSingleNode(String express, Element source) {
Node result = null;
//建立XPath工廠
XPathFactory xpathFactory = XPathFactory.newInstance();
//建立XPath物件
XPath xpath = xpathFactory.newXPath();
try {
result = (Node) xpath.evaluate(express, source, XPathConstants.NODE);
System.out.println(result);
} catch (XPathExpressionException e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
}
return result;
}
// 列印
public static void main(String[] args) {
getFamilyMemebers();
System.out.println("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~");
modifySon();
System.out.println("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~");
System.out.println("修改資料");
getFamilyMemebers();
System.out.println("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~");
discardSon();
System.out.println("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~");
System.out.println("刪除資料");
getFamilyMemebers();
System.out.println("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~");
createSon();
System.out.println("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~");
System.out.println("新增資料");
getFamilyMemebers();
}
}
XML檔案
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<father>
<son id="001">
<name>老大</name>
<age>20</age>
</son>
<son id="002">
<name>老二</name>
<age>18</age>
</son>
<son id="003">
<name>老三</name>
<age>13</age>
</son>
</father>