c++ 11 std::promise std::future
阿新 • • 發佈:2018-12-27
Std::promise 是一個類
std::future也是一個類
std::future<bool>futObj 表示一個儲存bool值的future類物件。
std::promise<bool> proObj表示promise的一個類物件叫proObj,該物件儲存了一個型別為bool的值,該值可被future物件讀取(可能在另外一個執行緒中),因此 promise也提供了一種執行緒同步的手段。在 promise 物件構造時可以和一個共享狀態(通常是std::future)相關聯:futObj = proObj.get_futrue()。
std::promise::set_value
Atomically stores the value into the shared state and makes the state ready
作用:原子性地將值儲存到共享狀態並使狀態就緒,有點執行緒之間訊號量的意思,見如下連結:
https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/thread/promise/set_value
Example
This example shows how promise<void> can be used as signals between threads.
#include <thread> #include <future> #include <cctype> #include <vector> #include <algorithm> #include <iterator> #include <iostream> #include <sstream> int main() { std::istringstream iss_numbers{"3 4 1 42 23 -23 93 2 -289 93"}; std::istringstream iss_letters{" a 23 b,e a2 k k?a;si,ksa c"}; std::vector<int> numbers; std::vector<char> letters; std::promise<void> numbers_promise, letters_promise; auto numbers_ready = numbers_promise.get_future(); auto letter_ready = letters_promise.get_future(); std::thread value_reader([&] { // I/O operations. std::copy(std::istream_iterator<int>{iss_numbers}, std::istream_iterator<int>{}, std::back_inserter(numbers)); //Notify for numbers. numbers_promise.set_value(); std::copy_if(std::istreambuf_iterator<char>{iss_letters}, std::istreambuf_iterator<char>{}, std::back_inserter(letters), ::isalpha); //Notify for letters. letters_promise.set_value(); }); numbers_ready.wait(); std::sort(numbers.begin(), numbers.end()); if (letter_ready.wait_for(std::chrono::seconds(1)) == std::future_status::timeout) { //output the numbers while letters are being obtained. for (int num : numbers) std::cout << num << ' '; numbers.clear(); //Numbers were already printed. } letter_ready.wait(); std::sort(letters.begin(), letters.end()); //If numbers were already printed, it does nothing. std::cout <<"num : "; for (int num : numbers) std::cout <<num << ' '; std::cout << '\n'; std::cout <<"let: " ; for (char let : letters) std::cout <<let << ' '; std::cout << '\n'; value_reader.join(); }
執行結果: