1. 自己實現 lower_bound, upper_bound

 1 int my_lower_bound(vector<int> nums, int target) {
 2     int left = 0, right = nums.size();
 3     while (left < right) {
 4         long long mid = left + (right - left) / 2;
 5         if ((nums[mid] < target) {
 6             left = mid + 1;
 7         } else
 
 {
 8             right = mid;
 9         }
10     }
11     return left;
12 }

 1 int my_upper_bound(vector<int> nums, int target) {
 2     int left = 0, right = nums.size();
 3     while (left < right) {
 4         long long mid = left + (right - left) / 2;
 5         if ((nums[mid] > target) {
 
 6             right = mid;
 7         } else {
 8             left = mid + 1;
 9         }
10     }
11     return left;
12 }