SSM框架整合Maven工程整合Spring+Springmvc+Mybatis(詳細教程,附程式碼)
一、基本概念
1、Spring Spring是一個開源框架,Spring是於2003 年興起的一個輕量級的Java 開發框架,由Rod Johnson 在其著作Expert One-On-One J2EE Development and Design中闡述的部分理念和原型衍生而來。它是為了解決企業應用開發的複雜性而建立的。Spring使用基本的JavaBean來完成以前只可能由EJB完成的事情。然而,Spring的用途不僅限於伺服器端的開發。從簡單性、可測試性和鬆耦合的角度而言,任何Java應用都可以從Spring中受益。 簡單來說,Spring是一個輕量級的控制反轉(IoC)和麵向切面(AOP)的容器框架。
2、SpringMVC Spring MVC屬於SpringFrameWork的後續產品,已經融合在Spring Web Flow裡面。Spring MVC 分離了控制器、模型物件、分派器以及處理程式物件的角色,這種分離讓它們更容易進行定製。
3、MyBatis MyBatis 本是apache的一個開源專案iBatis, 2010年這個專案由apache software foundation 遷移到了google code,並且改名為MyBatis 。MyBatis是一個基於Java的持久層框架。iBATIS提供的持久層框架包括SQL Maps和Data Access Objects(DAO)MyBatis 消除了幾乎所有的JDBC程式碼和引數的手工設定以及結果集的檢索。MyBatis 使用簡單的 XML或註解用於配置和原始對映,將介面和 Java 的POJOs(Plain Old Java Objects,普通的 Java物件)對映成資料庫中的記錄。
二、SSM(Spring+SringMVC+Mybatis)整合目錄
1、src/main/java下的目錄結構需要事先見好,包名可以自定義
三、開發環境搭建以及建立Maven Web專案
1、Maven專案匯入需要的jar包pom.xml
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.zxh</groupId> <artifactId>POI</artifactId> <packaging>war</packaging> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>POI Maven Webapp</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <properties> <!-- spring版本號 --> <spring.version>4.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version> <!-- mybatis版本號 --> <mybatis.version>3.2.6</mybatis.version> <!-- log4j日誌檔案管理包版本 --> <slf4j.version>1.7.7</slf4j.version> <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>3.8.1</version> <!-- 表示開發的時候引入,釋出的時候不會載入此包 --> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!-- <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId> <version>3.1.0</version> </dependency> --> <!-- spring核心包 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.geronimo.bundles</groupId> <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId> <version>1.6.8_2</version> </dependency> <!-- mybatis核心包 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> <version>${mybatis.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- mybatis/spring包 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId> <version>1.2.2</version> </dependency> <!-- 匯入java ee jar 包 --> <dependency> <groupId>javax</groupId> <artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId> <version>7.0</version> </dependency> <!-- 匯入Mysql資料庫連結jar包 --> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.36</version> </dependency> <!-- 匯入dbcp的jar包,用來在applicationContext.xml中配置資料庫 --> <dependency> <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId> <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId> <version>1.2.2</version> </dependency> <!-- JSTL標籤類 --> <dependency> <groupId>jstl</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> <!-- 日誌檔案管理包 --> <!-- log start --> <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> <version>${log4j.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- 格式化物件,方便輸出日誌 --> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId> <version>1.1.41</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId> <version>${slf4j.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId> <version>${slf4j.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- log end --> <!-- 映入JSON --> <dependency> <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId> <version>1.9.13</version> </dependency> <!-- 上傳元件包 --> <dependency> <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId> <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId> <version>1.3.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-io</groupId> <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId> <version>2.4</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-codec</groupId> <artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId> <version>1.9</version> </dependency> <!-- Junit --> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.12</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>POI</finalName> </build> </project>
2、web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
version="3.0">
<!-- Spring MVC配置 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!-- 可以自定義serlet.xml配置檔案的位置和名稱,預設為WEB-INF目錄下,名稱為[<servlet-name>]-servlet.xml,如spring-servlet.xml -->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<!-- 所有請求都會被Springmvc攔截 -->
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- Spring配置 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 指定Spring Bean的配置檔案所在目錄。預設配置在WEB-INF目錄下 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath*:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- spring mvc 字元過濾器配置 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
3、在src/main/resources目錄下新建xml檔案application.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc"
xmlns:cache="http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache
http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
<!-- 自動掃描web包,將帶有註解的類 納入spring容器管理 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.zxh.*">
<context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
</context:component-scan>
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>
<!-- 使用apache的DBCP連線池 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
<!-- Connection Info -->
<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}"/>
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
<!-- Connection Pooling DBCP -->
<!-- 初始化連線大小 -->
<property name="initialSize" value="${initialSize}"/>
<!-- 連線池最大數量 -->
<property name="maxActive" value="${maxActive}"/>
<!-- 連線池最大空閒 -->
<property name="maxIdle" value="${maxIdle}"/>
<!-- 連線池最小空閒 -->
<property name="minIdle" value="${minIdle}"/>
<!-- 獲取連線最大等待時間 -->
<property name="maxWait" value="${maxWait}"></property>
</bean>
<!-- spring和MyBatis完美整合,不需要mybatis的配置對映檔案 -->
<bean id="SqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<!-- 自定掃描mapping.xml檔案 -->
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:com/zxh/Mapper/*.xml"/>
<!-- 自動掃描mapping.xml檔案 -->
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"></property>
</bean>
<!-- Dao(mapper)介面所在包名。Spring會自動查詢其下的類 -->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="basePackage" value="com.zxh.*"/>
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="SqlSessionFactory"/>
</bean>
<!-- (事務管理)transaction manager,use JtaTransactionManager for global tx -->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>
<!-- 配置事務特性 -->
<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
<tx:attributes>
<tx:method name="find" propagation="NOT_SUPPORTED" isolation="READ_COMMITTED" read-only="true"/>
<tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED" isolation="READ_COMMITTED"/>
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
<aop:config>
<!-- 把事務控制在Service層 -->
<aop:pointcut expression="execution(* com.zxh.Service..*.*(..))" id="pc"/>
<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="pc"/>
</aop:config>
</beans>
4、在src/main/resources目錄下新建xml檔案mybatis-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!-- 配置Mybatis的快取,延遲載入等等一系列屬性 -->
<settings>
<!-- 全域性對映器啟用快取 -->
<setting name="cacheEnabled" value="true"/>
<!-- 查詢時,關閉關聯物件即時載入以提高效能 -->
<setting name="lazyLoadingEnabled" value="true"/>
<!-- 設定關聯物件載入的形態,此處為按需要載入欄位(載入欄位由SQL指定),不會載入關聯表的所有欄位,以提高效能 -->
<setting name="aggressiveLazyLoading" value="false"/>
<!-- 對於未知的SQL查詢,允許返回不同的結果集以達到通用的效果 -->
</settings>
</configuration>
5、在src/main/resources目錄下新建xml檔案mybatis-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!-- 配置Mybatis的快取,延遲載入等等一系列屬性 -->
<settings>
<!-- 全域性對映器啟用快取 -->
<setting name="cacheEnabled" value="true"/>
<!-- 查詢時,關閉關聯物件即時載入以提高效能 -->
<setting name="lazyLoadingEnabled" value="true"/>
<!-- 設定關聯物件載入的形態,此處為按需要載入欄位(載入欄位由SQL指定),不會載入關聯表的所有欄位,以提高效能 -->
<setting name="aggressiveLazyLoading" value="false"/>
<!-- 對於未知的SQL查詢,允許返回不同的結果集以達到通用的效果 -->
</settings>
</configuration>
6、在src/main/resources目錄下新建xml檔案spring-mvc.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">
<!-- 掃描controller註解,多個包中間使用半形逗號分隔 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.zxh.control"/>
<!-- 支援mvc註解驅動 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven enable-matrix-variables="true"/>
<!-- spring mvc不處理靜態資源 -->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<!-- 檢視解析器 -->
<bean id="internalResourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<!-- 字首 -->
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views"/>
<!-- 字尾 -->
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
<!--避免IE執行AJAX時,返回JSON出現下載檔案 -->
<bean id="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter"
class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter">
<property name="supportedMediaTypes">
<list>
<value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置檔案上傳,如果沒有使用檔案上傳可以不用配置,當然如果不配,那麼配置檔案中也不必引入上傳元件包 -->
<bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.webmultipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
<!-- 預設編碼 -->
<property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8"></property>
<!-- 檔案大小最大值 -->
<property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760000"></property>
<!-- 記憶體中的最大值 -->
<property name="maxInMemorySize" value="40960"></property>
<!-- 啟用是為了推遲檔案解析,以便捕獲檔案大小異常 -->
<property name="resolveLazily" value="true"/>
</bean>
</beans>
7、在src/main/resources目錄下新建檔案jdbc.properties
jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql:///mysql
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=root
#定義初始連線數
initialSize=5
#定義最大連線數
maxActive=100
#定義最大空閒
maxIdle=30
#定義最小空閒
minIdle=1
#定義最長等待時間
maxWait=6000
8、在src/main/resources目錄下新建檔案log4j.properties
#定義LOG輸出級別
log4j.rootLogger=INFO,Console,File
#定義日誌輸出目的地為控制檯
log4j.appender.Console=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.Console.Target=System.out
#可以靈活地指定日誌輸出格式,下面一行是指定具體的格式
log4j.appender.Console.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.Console.layout.ConversionPattern=[%c] - %m%n
#檔案大小到達指定尺寸的時候產生一個新的檔案
log4j.appender.File = org.apache.log4j.RollingFileAppender
#指定輸出目錄
log4j.appender.File.File = logs/ssm.log
#定義檔案最大大小
log4j.appender.File.MaxFileSize = 10MB
# 輸出所以日誌,如果換成DEBUG表示輸出DEBUG以上級別日誌
log4j.appender.File.Threshold = ALL
log4j.appender.File.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.File.layout.ConversionPattern =[%p] [%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH\:mm\:ss}][%c]%m%n
9、以上用Maven工程搭建的SSM框架就已經搭建完成了,可以部署到Tomcat伺服器運行了。