classpath:和classpath*:的區別以及web.xml中配置多個xml檔案
首先我們都知道要使用spring,則需要在web.xml中增加如下程式碼: Xml程式碼 <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> spring是如何載入配置檔案肯定也跟 ContextLoaderListener類有關,該類可以作為listener 使用,它會在建立時自動查詢WEB-INF/ 下的applicationContext.xrnl 檔案。因此,如果只有一個配置檔案,並且檔名為applicationContext.xml ,則只需在web.xml加上面程式碼即可。 如果有多個配置檔案需要載入,則考慮使用<context-param>即元素來確定配置檔案的檔名。由於ContextLoaderListener載入時,會查詢名為contextConfigLocation的引數。因此,配置context-param時引數名字應該是contextConfigLocation。所以context-param引數的名字是固定的contextConfigLocation. 比如下面的示例: Xml程式碼 1. <context-param> 2.<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> 3.<param-value> 4.classpath*:conf/spring/applicationContext*.xml, 5.classpath*:conf/spring/applicationContext_dict*.xml, 6.</param-value> 7.</context-param> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value> classpath*:conf/spring/applicationContext*.xml, classpath*:conf/spring/applicationContext_dict*.xml, </param-value> </context-param>
公司的考勤系統程式,有5個spring配置檔案:bean-edu.xml,bean-pub.xml,db-edu.xml,db-pub.xml,timer-system.xml,均放置於src目錄下,在web.xml中配置這些檔案的程式碼如下:
<context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:/db-pub.xml, classpath:db-edu.xml, classpath:bean*.xml, classpath*:timer-system.xml </param-value> </context-param>
注意:部署程式啟動tomcat之後,log4j顯示出 [main] INFO org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader - Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [db-pub.xml] [main] INFO org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader - Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [db-edu.xml] [main] INFO org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader - Loading XML bean definitions from file [E:\apache-tomcat-6.0.33-windows-x86\apache-tomcat-6.0.33\webapps\DigitalCampus\WEB-INF\classes\bean-edu.xml] [main] INFO org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader - Loading XML bean definitions from file [E:\apache-tomcat-6.0.33-windows-x86\apache-tomcat-6.0.33\webapps\DigitalCampus\WEB-INF\classes\bean-pub.xml] [main] INFO org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader - Loading XML bean definitions from URL [file:/E:/apache-tomcat-6.0.33-windows-x86/apache-tomcat-6.0.33/webapps/DigitalCampus/WEB-INF/classes/timer-system.xml]
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:/db-pub.xml,
classpath:db-edu.xml,
classpath*:bean*.xml,
/WEB-INF/classes/timer-system.xml
<!-- classpath*:timer-system.xml-->
</param-value>
</context-param>
[main] INFO org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader - Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [db-pub.xml] [main] INFO org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader - Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [db-edu.xml] [main] INFO org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader - Loading XML bean definitions from file [E:\apache-tomcat-6.0.33-windows-x86\apache-tomcat-6.0.33\webapps\DigitalCampus\WEB-INF\classes\bean-edu.xml] [main] INFO org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader - Loading XML bean definitions from file [E:\apache-tomcat-6.0.33-windows-x86\apache-tomcat-6.0.33\webapps\DigitalCampus\WEB-INF\classes\bean-pub.xml] [main] INFO org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader - Loading XML bean definitions from ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/classes/timer-system.xml]
根據以上總結 1 classpath和classpath*的區別是:前者from class path resource,後者from URL。classpath:只會到你的class路徑中查詢找檔案; classpath*:不僅包含class路徑,還包括jar檔案中(class路徑)進行查詢. 2 帶不帶有/,沒有區別。 3 bean*.xml查詢的是以bean開頭的配置檔案,from file 4 classpath*:bean*.xml 為from file. 5 /WEB-INF/classes/timer-system.xml 為from ServletContext resource。 另外: "**/" 表示的是任意目錄; "**/applicationContext-*.xml" 表示任意目錄下的以"applicationContext-"開頭的XML檔案。 程式部署到tomcat後,src目錄下的配置檔案會和class檔案一樣,自動copy到應用的 WEB-INF/classes目錄下 ---------------------