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Linux 下 nginx反向代理與負載均衡

前面幾篇記錄下nginx的基本運功,代理伺服器的訪問,這裡來試驗下nginx的反向代理。

反向代理(Reverse Proxy)方式是指以 代理伺服器來接受internet上的連線請求,然後將請求轉發給內部網路上的伺服器,並將從伺服器上得到的結果返回給internet上請求連線的客戶端,此時代理伺服器對外就表現為一個反向代理伺服器。

在我們的java專案中的體現就是,通過80埠訪問,Nginx接收到,然後進行轉發給tomcat伺服器,再將伺服器的結果給返回。

這裡需要修改nginx.conf檔案。

	upstream backend {
		#代理的IP weight權重大的,接收的訪問量就大,反之
		server localhost:8084 weight=50;
		server localhost:8088 weight=50;
	}

 將接收的請求進行轉發:

# / 所有做負載均衡 + 反向代理
        location / {
            root   /data/wwwroot1;
            index  index.html index.htm;#索引檔案
			proxy_pass   http://backend;
        }

 這樣,通過請求nginx的請求,就可以被分配轉發到tomcat上去。這裡我是定義了兩臺tomcat伺服器,同時用來做負載均衡的處理。通過設定weight,可以控制訪問量。

具體配置程式碼如下;

#user  nobody;
# worker 工作程序  一般設定 CPU數 * 核數
worker_processes  1;

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;

# 設定連線特性 
events {
    worker_connections  1024;#1個worker產生多少個連線數
}

# 配置HTTP伺服器的主要段
http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
		
	#gzip壓縮功能設定
    gzip on;
    gzip_min_length 1k;
    gzip_buffers 4 16k;
    gzip_http_version 1.0;
    gzip_comp_level 6;
    gzip_types text/plain text/css text/javascript application/json application/javascript application/x-javascript application/xml;
    gzip_vary on;
	
	#設定負載均衡後臺伺服器列表
	upstream backend {
		#代理的IP weight權重大的,接收的訪問量就大,反之
		server localhost:8084 weight=50;
		server localhost:8088 weight=50;
	}
	
	
	
	server {
		listen       2022;
        server_name  localhost;
		charset utf-8;
		access_log  logs/wwwroot2.access.log main;
		location / {
            root   /data/wwwroot2;
            index  index.html index.htm;#索引檔案
        }
	}
    # 虛擬主機段
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;
		root /data/wwwroot1;
        charset utf-8;
		#訪問日誌 
        access_log  logs/wwwroot1.access.log main;
        # / 所有做負載均衡 + 反向代理
        location / {
            root   /data/wwwroot1;
            index  index.html index.htm;#索引檔案
			proxy_pass   http://backend;
        }

        error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /\.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }


    # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       8000;
    #    listen       somename:8080;
    #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}


    # HTTPS server
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       443 ssl;
    #    server_name  localhost;

    #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
    #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;

    #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
    #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;

    #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}

}

 測試結果發現,通過訪問80埠的地址,展現的結果是基本五五開的。

還會隨機訪問到

 

 以上兩個截圖,分別對應了我的兩個tomcat伺服器下的測試檔案。