Centos7二進位制安裝Mysql5.7及以上版本
阿新 • • 發佈：2018-11-14
1.建立mysql使用者組和使用者
groupadd mysql
useradd -r -g mysql -s /sbin/nolog mysql
2.下載mysql相關版本二進位制包，並解壓移動至/usr/local目錄
wget http://mirrors.163.com/mysql/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.24-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz tar xf mysql-5.7.24-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz #解壓到當前目錄 mv /usr/local/src/mysql-5.7.24-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ /usr/local/mysql #移動並重命名
3.在Mysql目錄建立data目錄，並授予相關許可權
mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql/data chown -R mysql.mysql . chmod -R 755 /usr/local/mysql
4.解除安裝自帶mysql、mariadb資料
rpm -qa | grep mysql rpm -qa | grep mariadb rpm -e --nodeps 包名
5.初始化mysql資料庫，會生成一個隨機密碼，記得儲存好。警告提示關係不大，可以忽略
[[email protected]mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/ 2018-11-14T09:05:32.752289Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details). 2018-11-14T09:05:34.248738Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790 2018-11-14T09:05:34.787689Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables. 2018-11-14T09:05:34.941610Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 7238b05b-e7ec-11e8-b680-3417ebcfddea. 2018-11-14T09:05:34.980838Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened. 2018-11-14T09:05:34.981293Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for [email protected]: Lk5jgsJ2nG#7
6.配置/etc/my.cnf檔案，至關重要。資料庫能不能正常啟動就看這個配置檔案了。如果配置不對，會給你搞一堆的錯誤出來....很是腦闊痛
[[email protected] mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf [[email protected] mysql]# cat /etc/my.cnf [mysqld] socket=/tmp/mysql.sock # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks symbolic-links=0 # Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used. # If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group, # customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the # instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd [mysqld_safe] log-error=/var/log/mysql/mysql.log pid-file=/var/run/mysql/mysql.pid # # include all files from the config directory # basedir=/usr/local/mysql datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data port = 3306 default_storage_engine = InnoDB user=mysql tmpdir=/tmp [[email protected] mysql]#
7.啟動mysql資料庫
ln -vs /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld #建立軟連線
/etc/init.d/mysqld start
8.登陸資料庫
ln -vs /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin/ #建立軟連結，也就是windows說的快捷方式
mysql -uroot -p密碼 #用初始化生產的隨機密碼登陸資料庫做相應的授權操作
附加
總結一下二進位制安裝Mysql5.7資料庫所遇到的問題
1.Cetos7作業系統不能解壓帶gz字尾的包，換了多少個引數都沒用。不知道是哪裡的問題，暫時未找到解決辦法，有遇到的網友可以留言告知下。錯誤如下所示
gzip: stdin: not in gzip format tar: Child returned status 1 tar: Error is not recoverable: exiting now
2.前面也說到配置檔案的問題，這個真的是至關重要，就因為配置檔案裡面有個兩個datadir導致一直出現如下錯誤，
[[email protected] data]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start Starting MySQL..... ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/var/lib/mysql/oracle.pid).
3.登陸資料庫之後出現的問題，如下所示
mysql> use mysql
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
mysql> show databases;
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
這個問題這個主要是由一個引數控制的 default_password_lifetime，有興趣的朋友可以去看看官方的解釋
我是從一個部落格中看到這個的。資料來源
解決方法如下
alter user user() identified by "密碼";
4.mysql -uroot -p不能使用，這個是由於沒有建立軟連結導致；上文有說。
大概就這麼多，如有遺漏和不足請大家留言，我會及時更正文件！