django自定義用戶認證(使用自定義的UserProfile，而不是django自帶的),就需要(django要求)將為UserProfile單獨創建一個app，這個app啥也不幹，就是為UserProfile而生的;

　　這裏我們創建一個app，名字叫做custom_auth，事實上，我們只需要對其中的models文件和admin.py做操作就可以了;

第一步:

　　創建user model

　　　　　　下面是models.py文件的內容:

 1 from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe
 2 from django.db import
 
 models
 3 from django.contrib.auth.models import (
 4     BaseUserManager, AbstractBaseUser,PermissionsMixin
 5 )
 6 
 7 class UserProFileManager(BaseUserManager):
 8     def create_user(self, email, name, password=None):
 9         """
10         Creates and saves a User with the given email, name and password.
 
11         """
12         if not email:
13             raise ValueError(‘Users must have an email address‘)
14 
15         user = self.model(
16             email=self.normalize_email(email),
17             name=name,
18         )
19 
20         user.set_password(password)
21         user.save(using=self._db)
 
22         return user
23 
24     def create_superuser(self, email, name, password):
25         """
26         Creates and saves a superuser with the given email, name and password.
27         """
28         user = self.create_user(
29             email,
30             password=password,
31             name=name,
32         )
33         user.is_superuser = True
34         user.save(using=self._db)
35         return user
36 
37 class UserProFile(AbstractBaseUser,PermissionsMixin):
38     email = models.EmailField(
39         verbose_name=‘email address‘,
40         max_length=255,
41         unique=True,
42         blank=True,
43         null=True
44     )
45     password = models.CharField(
46         verbose_name=‘password‘,
47         max_length=128,
48         help_text=mark_safe("<a class=‘btn-link‘href=‘password‘>重置密碼</a>"),
49     )
50     name = models.CharField(max_length=32, verbose_name=‘姓名‘)
51     role = models.ManyToManyField(‘Role‘, null=True, blank=True)
52     is_active = models.BooleanField(default=True)
53     is_staff = models.BooleanField(default=True)
54     is_superuser = models.BooleanField(default=False)
55 
56     objects = UserProFileManager()
57 
58     USERNAME_FIELD = ‘email‘
59     REQUIRED_FIELDS = [‘name‘]
60 
61     def get_full_name(self):
62         # The user is identified by their email address
63         return self.email
64 
65     def get_short_name(self):
66         # The user is identified by their email address
67         return self.email
68 
69     def __str__(self):              # __unicode__ on Python 2
70         return self.email
71 
72     class Meta:
73         # verbose_name = ‘CRM賬戶‘
74         verbose_name_plural = ‘CRM賬戶‘
75         permissions = (
76             (‘crm_table_list‘, ‘可以查看kingadmin所有表的數據‘),
77             (‘crm_table_list_view‘, ‘可以查看kingadmin所有表裏數據的修改頁‘),
78             (‘crm_table_list_change‘, ‘可以修改kingadmin所有表數據‘),
79             (‘crm_table_list_add_view‘, ‘可以查看kingadmin所有表添加頁‘),
80             (‘crm_table_list_add‘, ‘可以在kingadmin所有表添加數據‘),
81             (‘crm_personal_password_reset_view‘, ‘可以在kingadmin查看自己的秘密修改頁‘),
82             (‘crm_personal_password_reset‘, ‘可以在kingadmin修改自己的密碼‘),
83         )

在基類AbstractBaseUser中：

　　　　　　class Meta:
    　　　　　　abstract = True   只把傳遞給繼承者，自身不創建表

對於類UaerproFile註意如下：

　　　　其中objects = UserProfileManager()是為了引用創建超級用戶和普通用戶所定義的方法，USERNAME_FIELD,REQUIRED_FIELDS按需進行修改；
　　　　USERNAME_FIELD = ‘email‘　　# 定義哪個字段是用戶名字段，即對應登陸頁面中的用戶名
　　　　REQUIRED_FIELDS = [‘name‘]　　# 定義必填字段有哪些
　　 即python3.6 manage.py createsuperuser調用的方法，這個類就定義了兩個方法，create_user和create_superuser:

對於類UserProfileManager註意如下：

　　　　這裏需要註意的是，create_user/create_superuser需要與數據庫對應的表定義的字段對應，參數傳遞也要一一對應；

　　　　用於認證的數據表需要定義一個get_short_name方法，否則會引發一個方法未重載的錯誤；原因就是UserProfile繼承的基類

AbstractBaseUser強制重載該方法，如果沒有該方法就引發一個異常：

　　def get_short_name(self):
    　　raise NotImplementedError(‘subclasses of AbstractBaseUser must provide a get_short_name() method.‘)

數據表定義完後，需要python3.6 manage.py makemigrations/python3.6 manage.py migrate讓數據表定義生效。

第二步:

　　to register this custom user model with Django’s admin, the following code would be required in the app’s admin.py file

  1 from crm import models
  2 
  3 
  4 
  5 from django import forms
  6 from django.contrib import admin
  7 from django.contrib.auth.models import Group
  8 from django.contrib.auth.admin import UserAdmin as BaseUserAdmin
  9 from django.contrib.auth.forms import ReadOnlyPasswordHashField
 10 
 11 from crm.models import UserProFile
 12 
 13 
 14 class UserCreationForm(forms.ModelForm):
 15     """A form for creating new users. Includes all the required
 16     fields, plus a repeated password."""
 17     password1 = forms.CharField(label=‘Password‘, widget=forms.PasswordInput)
 18     password2 = forms.CharField(label=‘Password confirmation‘, widget=forms.PasswordInput)
 19 
 20     class Meta:
 21         model = UserProFile
 22         fields = (‘email‘, ‘name‘)
 23 
 24     def clean_password2(self):
 25         # Check that the two password entries match
 26         password1 = self.cleaned_data.get("password1")
 27         password2 = self.cleaned_data.get("password2")
 28         if password1 and password2 and password1 != password2:
 29             raise forms.ValidationError("Passwords don‘t match")
 30         return password2
 31 
 32     def save(self, commit=True):
 33         # Save the provided password in hashed format
 34         user = super().save(commit=False)
 35         user.set_password(self.cleaned_data["password1"])   # 把明文 根據算法改成密文
 36         if commit:
 37             user.save()
 38         return user
 39 
 40 class UserChangeForm(forms.ModelForm):
 41     """A form for updating users. Includes all the fields on
 42     the user, but replaces the password field with admin‘s
 43     password hash display field.
 44     """
 45     password = ReadOnlyPasswordHashField()
 46 
 47     class Meta:
 48         model = UserProFile
 49         fields = (‘email‘, ‘password‘, ‘name‘, ‘is_active‘, ‘is_superuser‘)
 50 
 51     def clean_password(self):
 52         # Regardless of what the user provides, return the initial value.
 53         # This is done here, rather than on the field, because the
 54         # field does not have access to the initial value
 55         return self.initial["password"]
 56 
 57 class UserProFileAdmin(BaseUserAdmin):
 58     # The forms to add and change user instances
 59     form = UserChangeForm
 60     add_form = UserCreationForm
 61 
 62     # The fields to be used in displaying the User model.
 63     # These override the definitions on the base UserAdmin
 64     # that reference specific fields on auth.User.
 65     list_display = (‘email‘, ‘name‘, ‘is_superuser‘)
 66     list_filter = (‘is_superuser‘,)
 67     fieldsets = (
 68         (None, {‘fields‘: (‘email‘, ‘password‘)}),
 69         (‘Personal info‘, {‘fields‘: (‘name‘,)}),
 70         (‘Permissions‘, {‘fields‘: (‘is_active‘,‘is_staff‘,‘is_superuser‘,‘role‘,‘user_permissions‘,‘groups‘,)}),
 71     )
 72     # add_fieldsets is not a standard ModelAdmin attribute. UserAdmin
 73     # overrides get_fieldsets to use this attribute when creating a user.
 74     add_fieldsets = (
 75         (None, {
 76             ‘classes‘: (‘wide‘,),
 77             ‘fields‘: (‘email‘, ‘name‘, ‘password1‘, ‘password2‘)}
 78         ),
 79     )
 80     search_fields = (‘email‘,)
 81     ordering = (‘email‘,)
 82     filter_horizontal = (‘role‘,‘groups‘,‘user_permissions‘)
 83 
 84 
 85 
 86 
 87 
 88 class CustomerAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
 89     list_display = [‘name‘, ‘source‘, ‘contact_type‘, ‘contact‘, ‘consultant‘, ‘consult_content‘, ‘status‘, ‘date‘]
 90     list_filter = [‘source‘, ‘consultant‘, ‘status‘, ‘date‘]
 91     search_fields = [‘name‘,‘contact‘,‘source‘]
 92     # readonly_fields = [‘contact‘,‘status‘]
 93     filter_horizontal = [‘consult_courses‘]
 94     actions = [‘change_status‘, ]
 95 
 96     def change_status(self, request, querysets):
 97         print(self, request, querysets)
 98         querysets.update(status=0)
 99 
100 admin.site.register(models.CustomerInfo,CustomerAdmin)
101 admin.site.register(models.Menus)
102 admin.site.register(models.UserProFile,UserProFileAdmin)
103 admin.site.register(models.StudyRecord)
104 admin.site.register(models.CustomerFollowUp)
105 admin.site.register(models.Course)
106 admin.site.register(models.ClassList)
107 admin.site.register(models.CourseRecord)
108 admin.site.register(models.Branch)
109 admin.site.register(models.StudentEnrollment)
110 admin.site.register(models.ContractTemplate)

UserCreationForm　　# 創建新用戶表單
UserChangeForm　　　　# 改變用戶信息表單

第三步:

　　需要在settings.py中指定用於用戶認證的數據庫表類

1 AUTH_USER_MODEL = ‘Wolf.UserProfile‘ #AppName.自定義user

　　最後，如果項目中已經存在其他的app，其他的app可能需要依賴UserProfile表，所以需要先將wolf註冊，然後python manage.py makemigrations和python manage.py migrate同步之後，在將其他的app註冊進來，創建其對應的表結構;

如果其他的表結果已經創建了，在運氣非常不好的情況下，可能需要刪除表才可以le~~~~~

西遊之路——python全棧——自定義用戶認證