[環境配置]Ubuntu 16.04 原始碼編譯安裝OpenCV-3.2.0+OpenCV_contrib-3.2.0及產生的問題
阿新 • • 發佈：2018-11-03
1.OpenCV-3.2.0+OpenCV_contrib-3.2.0編譯安裝過程
1）下載官方要求的依賴包
- GCC 4.4.x or later
- CMake 2.6 or higher
- Git
- GTK+2.x or higher, including headers (libgtk2.0-dev) # 控制opencv GUI
- pkg-config
- Python 2.6 or later and Numpy 1.5 or later with developer packages (python-dev, python-numpy)
- ffmpeg or libav development packages: libavcodec-dev, libavformat-dev, libswscale-dev
- [optional] libtbb2 libtbb-dev
- [optional] libdc1394 2.x
- [optional] libjpeg-dev, libpng-dev, libtiff-dev, libjasper-dev, libdc1394-22-dev
$ sudo apt-get install build-essential $ sudo apt-get install cmake git libgtk2.0-dev pkg-config libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev $ sudo apt-get install python-dev python-numpy libtbb2 libtbb-dev libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtiff-dev libjasper-dev libdc1394-22-dev # 處理影象所需的包 $ sudo apt-get install libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev libv4l-dev liblapacke-dev $ sudo apt-get install libxvidcore-dev libx264-dev # 處理視訊所需的包 $ sudo apt-get install libatlas-base-dev gfortran # 優化opencv功能 $ sudo apt-get install ffmpeg
2）下載OpenCV-3.2.0+OpenCV_contrib-3.2.0
$ cd /the_path_you_would_install
$ wget https://github.com/opencv/opencv/archive/3.2.0.zip
$ wget https://github.com/opencv/opencv_contrib/archive/3.2.0.zip
直接右鍵解壓，然後進行安裝。
$ cd opencv-3.2.0 $ mkdir build $ cd build $ cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local -D OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=~/opencv_contrib-3.2.0/modules/ .. $ make -j8 #如果執行緒足夠多可以使用 make -j12 $ sudo make install
第四行最後的 .. 一定不能忘記，因為我們是在/build資料夾中編譯上層資料夾的程式。
$ sudo ldconfig -v
$ pkg-config --modversion opencv #確認OpenCV的版本，如果顯示3.2.0說明安裝完成
2.遇到的問題及解決方案
1)關於opencv_lapack.h缺失的問題
問題如下
In file included from /home/yao/opencv-3.2.0/modules/core/src/hal_internal.cpp:49:0:
/home/yao/opencv-3.2.0/build/opencv_lapack.h:2:45: fatal error: LAPACKE_H_PATH-NOTFOUND/lapacke.h: No such file or directory
compilation terminated.
modules/core/CMakeFiles/opencv_core.dir/build.make:114: recipe for target 'modules/core/CMakeFiles/opencv_core.dir/src/hal_internal.cpp.o' failed
make[2]: *** [modules/core/CMakeFiles/opencv_core.dir/src/hal_internal.cpp.o] Error 1
make[2]: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs....
[ 27%] Built target pch_Generate_opencv_test_optflow
[ 27%] Built target pch_Generate_opencv_perf_optflow
[ 27%] Built target pch_Generate_opencv_test_phase_unwrapping
[ 27%] Built target pch_Generate_opencv_phase_unwrapping
[ 27%] Built target pch_Generate_opencv_test_stitching
[ 27%] Built target pch_Generate_opencv_test_structured_light
[ 27%] Built target pch_Generate_opencv_stitching
[ 27%] Built target pch_Generate_opencv_perf_stitching
[ 27%] Built target pch_Generate_opencv_structured_light
CMakeFiles/Makefile2:1901: recipe for target 'modules/core/CMakeFiles/opencv_core.dir/all' failed
make[1]: *** [modules/core/CMakeFiles/opencv_core.dir/all] Error 2
Makefile:160: recipe for target 'all' failed
make: *** [all] Error 2
解決方案
$ sudo apt-get install liblapacke-dev checkinstall
- 在/build資料夾中找到opencv_lapack.h檔案，把#include "LAPACKE_H_PATH-NOTFOUND/lapacke.h"改為#include "lapacke.h"
- 重新編譯
(2)CUDA 9.0環境下cmake編譯時產生的問題
問題如下
在cmake時會產生關於CUDA版本的問題，這種情況在已裝CUDA的條件下會出現，未安裝時不會有。
CMake Error: The following variables are used in this project, but they are set to NOTFOUND.
Please set them or make sure they are set and tested correctly in the CMake files:
CUDA_nppi_LIBRARY (ADVANCED)
linked by target "opencv_cudev" in directory
這是由於CUDA 9.0不支援2.0架構，嘗試過網上其他方法，包括在cmake時給命令列加入配置屬性如CUDA的路徑以及配置，皆無效，而以下方案有效。
解決方案：
1) 在/opencv-3.2.0/cmake資料夾下找到FindCUDA.cmake檔案
- 找到
find_cuda_helper_libs(nppi)
改為
find_cuda_helper_libs(nppial)
find_cuda_helper_libs(nppicc)
find_cuda_helper_libs(nppicom)
find_cuda_helper_libs(nppidei)
find_cuda_helper_libs(nppif)
find_cuda_helper_libs(nppig)
find_cuda_helper_libs(nppim)
find_cuda_helper_libs(nppist)
find_cuda_helper_libs(nppisu)
find_cuda_helper_libs(nppitc)
- 找到
set(CUDA_npp_LIBRARY "${CUDA_nppc_LIBRARY};${CUDA_nppi_LIBRARY};${CUDA_npps_LIBRARY}")
改為
set(CUDA_npp_LIBRARY "${CUDA_nppc_LIBRARY};${CUDA_nppial_LIBRARY};${CUDA_nppicc_LIBRARY};${CUDA_nppicom_LIBRARY};${CUDA_nppidei_LIBRARY};${CUDA_nppif_LIBRARY};${CUDA_nppig_LIBRARY};${CUDA_nppim_LIBRARY};${CUDA_nppist_LIBRARY};${CUDA_nppisu_LIBRARY};${CUDA_nppitc_LIBRARY};${CUDA_npps_LIBRARY}")
- 找到
unset(CUDA_nppi_LIBRARY CACHE)
改為
unset(CUDA_nppial_LIBRARY CACHE)
unset(CUDA_nppicc_LIBRARY CACHE)
unset(CUDA_nppicom_LIBRARY CACHE)
unset(CUDA_nppidei_LIBRARY CACHE)
unset(CUDA_nppif_LIBRARY CACHE)
unset(CUDA_nppig_LIBRARY CACHE)
unset(CUDA_nppim_LIBRARY CACHE)
unset(CUDA_nppist_LIBRARY CACHE)
unset(CUDA_nppisu_LIBRARY CACHE)
unset(CUDA_nppitc_LIBRARY CACHE)
2) 找到檔案OpenCVDetectCUDA.cmake
刪除以下幾句
if(CUDA_GENERATION STREQUAL "Fermi")
set(__cuda_arch_bin "2.0")
然後將下一行的elsif改為if
3) 找到檔案opencv\modules\cudev\include\opencv2\cudev\common.hpp
新增標頭檔案
#include <cuda_fp16.h>
(3)不支援的GPU architecture問題
問題如下
nvcc fatal : Unsupported gpu architecture 'compute_20'
解決方案
在cmake的時候命令列的引數中加入如下一句
-D CUDA_GENERATION=Kepler
(4)編譯到99%或100%時卡住的問題
問題如下
[100%] Built target opencv_perf_stitching
[100%] Built target opencv_python2
這個時候，會一直卡著
解決方案
- 不要終止安裝，等一等，或者make -j8甚至make -j12多執行緒安裝可以快一點，一般幾分鐘可以安裝完成
5)在CMakeLists.txt中設定指定的OpenCV版本
解決方案
set(OpenCV_DIR "/your_opencv_path/opencv-3.2.0/build")
find_package(OpenCV REQUIRED)
include_directories(${OpenCV_INCLUDE_DIRS})
其中your_opencv_path指你的opencv的安裝路徑，注意區分大小寫。