from lxml import etree
import requests
import csv

fp = open('doubanBook.csv', 'wt', newline='', encoding='utf-8')
writer = csv.writer(fp)
writer.writerow(('name', 'url', 'author', 'publisher', 'date', 'price', 'rate', 'comment'))

urls = ['https://book.douban.com/top250?start={}'.format(str(i)) for
 
 i in range(0,250,25)]
headers = {
    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/69.0.3486.0 Safari/537.36'
}

for url in urls:
    html = requests.get(url, headers=headers)
    selector = etree.HTML(html.text)
    infos = selector.xpath('//tr[@class="item"]'
 
)
    for info in infos:
        name = info.xpath('td/div/a/@title')[0]
        url = info.xpath('td/div/a/@href')[0]
        book_infos = info.xpath('td/p/text()')[0]
        author = book_infos.split('/')[0]
        publisher = book_infos.split('/')[-3]
        date = book_infos.split('/')[-2]
        price = book_infos.
 
split('/')[-1]
        rate = info.xpath('td/div/span[2]/text()')[0]
        comments = info.xpath('td/p/span/text()')
        comment = comments[0] if len(comments) != 0 else "空"
        writer.writerow((name, url, author, publisher, date, price, rate, comment))
fp.close()

這裡爬取書名、書籍豆瓣地址、作者、出版社、出版時間、價格、評分、一句書評。爬取完的效果圖如下：

完整爬取完Top250如下圖：