Django-website 程序案例系列-4 ORM數據庫操作
阿新 • • 發佈:2017-11-17
get display pass 數據庫 render model isp base action
數據庫表的創建:
使用mysql時註意,在setting.py中的設置:
DATABASES = {
‘default‘: {
‘ENGINE‘: ‘django.db.backends.mysql‘, #mysql的引擎
‘NAME‘: ‘‘, #數據庫名
‘USER‘: ‘‘, #數據庫用戶名
‘PASSWORD‘: ‘‘, #數據庫密碼
‘HOST‘: ‘127.0.0.1‘, #數據庫host
‘PORT‘: ‘3306‘, #數據庫端口
},
}
還需在項目文件夾下的__init__.py中添加mysql的驅動:
#django默認使用MySQLdb模塊連接mysql
#需要主動修改為pymysql
import pymysql
pymysql.install_as_MySQLdb()
models.py # 在這個文件中創建類
from django.db import models
# 生成的表名為day1_userinfo
class UserInfo(models.Model): #創建的類必須繼承models.Model
# id列,自增,主鍵 不用用戶創建 django會自己給你創建一個
username = models.CharField(max_length=32)
password = models.CharField(max_length=64)
在命令符界面執行:
python manage.py makemigrations #生成臨時文件在migrations文件夾中
python manage.py migrate #在數據庫中生成表
生成了django自帶的很多張表
數據庫表基本操作:
def orm(request):
#插入數據
#方式1:
models.UserInfo.objects.create(username=‘root‘,password=‘123‘,)
#方式2
obj = models.UserInfo(username=‘zhangjian‘, password=‘123‘)
obj.save()
#方式3
dic ={‘username‘: ‘hapi‘, ‘password‘: ‘1123‘}
models.UserInfo.objects.create(**dic)
#查詢數據
#查詢表出來的是一個django表對象是以列表QuerySet對象
<QuerySet [<UserInfo: UserInfo object>, <UserInfo: UserInfo object>, <UserInfo: UserInfo object>]>
result = models.UserInfo.objects.all() #查詢所有
result = models.UserInfo.objects.filter(username=‘root‘,password=‘123‘) #條件查詢
for row in result: #對表進行循環取出值
print(row.id, row.username, row.password)
#刪除操作
models.UserInfo.objects.filter(username=‘root‘).delete() #刪除用戶名為root的
#更新操作
models.UserInfo.objects.all().update(password=666)#所有用戶密碼改成666
return HttpResponse(‘orm‘)
頁面操作數據庫增刪改查:
url路由配置:
url(r‘^index/‘, views.index),
url(r‘^user_info/‘, views.user_info),
url(r‘^userdetail-(?P<uid>\d+)/‘, views.userdetail),
url(r‘^userdel-(?P<uid>\d+)/‘, views.userdel),
url(r‘^usered-(?P<uid>\d+)/‘, views.usered),
index.html頁面:
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Title</title> </head> <style> body{ margin: 0; } .menu{ display: block; padding: 5px; } </style> <body> <div style="height: 48px;background-color: black;color: white"> <h3>111111111111111</h3> </div> <div> <div style="position: absolute;top: 48px;bottom: 0;left: 0;width: 200px;background-color: brown;"> <a class="menu" href="/user_info/">用戶管理</a> <a class="menu" href="/user_group/">用戶組管理</a> </div> <div style="position: absolute;top: 48px;left: 210px;bottom: 0;right: 0;overflow: auto;"> </div> </div> </body> </html>
py代碼:
def index(request): return render(request, ‘index.html‘)
查詢用戶頁面user_info.html:
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Title</title> </head> <style> body{ margin: 0; } .menu{ display: block; padding: 5px; } </style> <body> <div style="height: 48px;background-color: black;color: white"> <h3>111111111111111</h3> </div> <div> <div style="position: absolute;top: 48px;bottom: 0;left: 0;width: 200px;background-color: brown;"> <a class="menu" href="/user_info/">用戶管理</a> <a class="menu" href="/user_group/">用戶組管理</a> </div> <div style="position: absolute;top: 48px;left: 210px;bottom: 0;right: 0;overflow: auto;"> <h3>添加用戶</h3> <form action="/user_info/" method=‘POST‘> <input type="text" name="user"/> <input type="text" name="pwd" /> <input type="submit" name="添加"/> </form> <h3>用戶列表</h3> <ul> {% for row in user_list %} <li> <a href="/userdetail-{{ row.id }}/">{{ row.username }}</a> | <a href="/userdel-{{ row.id }}/">刪除</a> | <a href="/usered-{{ row.id }}/">編輯</a> </li> {% endfor %} </ul> </div> </div> </body> </html>
用戶詳情頁面userdetail.html:
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Title</title> </head> <style> body{ margin: 0; } .menu{ display: block; padding: 5px; } </style> <body> <div style="height: 48px;background-color: black;color: white"> <h3>111111111111111</h3> </div> <div> <div style="position: absolute;top: 48px;bottom: 0;left: 0;width: 200px;background-color: brown;"> <a class="menu" href="/user_info/">用戶管理</a> <a class="menu" href="/user_group/">用戶組管理</a> </div> <div style="position: absolute;top: 48px;left: 210px;bottom: 0;right: 0;overflow: auto;"> <h1>用戶詳細信息</h1> <h5>{{ obj.id }}</h5> <h5>{{ obj.username }}</h5> <h5>{{ obj.password }}</h5> </div> </div> </body> </html>
py代碼:
def user_info(request): if request.method == "GET": user_list = models.UserInfo.objects.all() print(user_list.query) #查看原生的sql語句 elif request.method == "POST": u = request.POST.get(‘user‘) p = request.POST.get(‘pwd‘) models.UserInfo.objects.create(username=u, password=p) return redirect(‘/user_info/‘) return render(request, ‘userinfo.html‘, {"user_list": user_list})
def userdetail(request, uid):
obj = models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=uid).first() #取id=uid的用戶
return render(request, ‘user_detail.html‘, {"obj": obj})
刪除用戶py代碼:
def userdel(request, uid): models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=uid).delete() return redirect(‘/user_info/‘)
修改用戶py代碼:
def usered(request, uid): if request.method == "GET": obj = models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=uid).first() return render(request, ‘usered.html‘, {"obj": obj}) elif request.method == "POST": u = request.POST.get("username") p = request.POST.get("password") models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=uid).update(username=u, password=p) return redirect(‘/user_info/‘)
Django-website 程序案例系列-4 ORM數據庫操作