Python之路66-Django中的Cookie和Session
阿新 • • 發佈：2017-05-26
python
目錄
一、Cookie
二、Session
一、Cookie
1.獲取Cookie
request.COOKIES["key"] request.get_signed_cookie(key, default=RAISE_ERROR, s, max_age=None) # 參數 # default：默認值 # salt：加密鹽 # max_age：後臺控制過期時間
2.設置Cookie
rep = HttpResponse(...) 或 rep = render(request, ...) rep.set_cookie(key, value, ...) rep.set_signed_cookie(key, value, salt="加密鹽", ...) # 如果只有key、value默認關閉瀏覽器後cookie就失效了，這裏可以設置以下一些參數來自定義 # 參數 # key, 鍵 # value="", 值 # max_age=None, 超時時間，默認秒 # expires=None, 超時時間，到什麽時候截止 # path="/", Cookie生效的路徑，/表示跟路徑，特殊的：跟路徑的cookie可以被任何url的頁面訪問 # domain=None, Cookie生效的域名 # secure=False, https傳輸 # httponly=False, 只能http協議傳輸，無法被JavaScript獲取（不是絕對，底層抓包可以獲取到也可以被覆蓋）
由於cookie保存在客戶端的電腦上，所以，JavaScript和jQuery也可以操作cookie
<script src="/static/js/jquery.cookie.js"></script>
$.cookie("list_pager_num", 30, {path:"/"});通過cookie來實現用戶登錄
urls.py
from django.conf.urls import url
from django.contrib import admin
from django.conf.urls import include
from app01 import views
urlpatterns = [
url(r‘^admin/‘, admin.site.urls),
url(r‘^login/‘, views.login),
url(r‘^index/‘, views.index),
]views.py
user_info = {
"dachengzi" : {"pwd": "123123"},
"kangbazi": {"pwd": "kkkkkk"},
}
def login(request):
if request.method == "GET":
return render(request, "login.html")
if request.method == "POST":
u = request.POST.get("username")
p = request.POST.get("password")
dic = user_info.get(u)
if not dic:
return render(request, "login.html")
if dic["pwd"] == p:
res = redirect("/index/")
res.set_cookie("username", u)
return res
else:
return render(request, "login.html")
def index(request):
# 獲取當前已經登錄的用戶名
v = request.COOKIES.get("username")
if not v:
return redirect("/login")
return render(request, "index.html", {"current_user": v})login.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/login/" method="POST">
<input type="text" name="username" placeholder="用戶名"/>
<input type="password" name="password" placeholder="密碼"/>
<input type="submit" />
</form>
</body>
</html>index.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>歡迎登錄,{{ current_user }}</h1>
</body>
</html>通過cookie實現定制顯示數據條目
這裏引入了一個jQuery的插件
jquery.cookie.js
操作
<!--設置cookie-->
$.cookie("per_page_count", v, {path: "/user_list/"});
<!--獲取cookie-->
$.cookie("per_page_count");urls.py
from django.conf.urls import url
from django.contrib import admin
from django.conf.urls import include
from app01 import views
urlpatterns = [
url(r‘^admin/‘, admin.site.urls),
url(r‘^user_list/‘, views.user_list),
]views.py
from django.shortcuts import render
from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse
from django.shortcuts import redirect
# Create your views here.
from django.urls import reverse
from utils import pagination
LIST = []
for i in range(1009):
LIST.append(i)
def user_list(request):
current_page = request.GET.get("p", 1)
current_page = int(current_page)
val = request.COOKIES.get("per_page_count")
print(val)
if val:
val = int(val)
page_obj = pagination.Page(current_page, len(LIST), val)
data = LIST[page_obj.start:page_obj.end]
page_str = page_obj.page_str("/user_list/")
return render(request, "user_list.html", {"li": data, "page_str": page_str})
else:
page_obj = pagination.Page(current_page, len(LIST))
data = LIST[page_obj.start:page_obj.end]
page_str = page_obj.page_str("/user_list/")
rep = render(request, "user_list.html", {"li": data, "page_str": page_str})
rep.set_cookie("per_page_count", "10", path="/user_list/")
return repuser_list.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
<style>
.pagination .page{
display: inline-block;
padding: 5px;
background-color: cyan;
margin: 5px;
}
.pagination .page.active{
background-color: brown;
color: black;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<ul>
{% for item in li %}
{% include "li.html" %}
{% endfor %}
</ul>
<div>
<select id="px" onchange="changePageSize(this);">
<option value="10">10</option>
<option value="30">30</option>
<option value="50">50</option>
<option value="100">100</option>
</select>
</div>
<div class="pagination">
{{ page_str }}
</div>
<script src="/static/jquery-1.12.4.js"></script>
<script src="/static/jquery.cookie.js"></script>
<script>
$(function () {
var v = $.cookie("per_page_count");
$("#px").val(v);
});
function changePageSize(ths) {
var v = $(ths).val();
$.cookie("per_page_count", v, {path: "/user_list/"});
location.reload();
}
</script>
</body>
</html>本文出自 “八英裏” 博客，請務必保留此出處http://5921271.blog.51cto.com/5911271/1929633
Python之路66-Django中的Cookie和Session