轉載，原文連接： http://blog.csdn.net/autfish/article/details/51356537

MongoDB的3.x版本Java驅動相對2.x做了全新的設計，類庫和使用方法上有很大區別。例如用Document替換BasicDBObject、通過Builders類構建Bson替代直接輸入$命令等，本文整理了基於3.2版本的常用增刪改查操作的使用方法。為了避免冗長的篇幅，分為增刪改、查詢、聚合、地理索引等幾部分。

創建一個maven項目，添加依賴

print?

1. <dependencies>
2. <dependency>
3. <groupId>org.mongodb</groupId>
4. <artifactId>mongodb-driver</artifactId>
5. <version>3.2.2</version>
6. </dependency>
7. </dependencies>

非maven項目可自行下載jar包

http://central.maven.org/maven2/org/mongodb/mongo-java-driver/3.2.2/mongo-java-driver-3.2.2.jar

創建基礎代碼測試連接

print?

1. public class CudExamples {
3. public static void main(String[] args) throws ParseException {
4. //根據實際環境修改ip和端口
5. MongoClient mongoClient = new MongoClient("localhost", 27017);
6. MongoDatabase database = mongoClient.getDatabase("lesson");
8. MongoCollection<Document> mc = database.getCollection("language");
9. //插入一個文檔
10. mc.insertOne(new Document("oop", "java"));
11. System.out.println(mc.findOneAndDelete(new Document("oop", "java")));
13. mongoClient.close();
14. }
15. }

如果輸出結果為Document{{_id=573099877bee0e1710d52f4b, oop=java}}表示環境配置正確。

改造CudExamples類以方便演示每種操作對集合的影響

print?

1. public class CudExamples {
3. public static void main(String[] args) throws ParseException {
4. MongoClient mongoClient = new MongoClient("localhost", 27017);
5. MongoDatabase database = mongoClient.getDatabase("lesson");
7. CudExamples client = new CudExamples(database);
8. client.show();
9. mongoClient.close();
10. }
12. private MongoDatabase database;
13. public CudExamples(MongoDatabase database) {
14. this.database = database;
15. }
17. public void show() {
18. MongoCollection<Document> mc = database.getCollection("language");
19. //每次執行前清空集合以方便重復運行
20. mc.drop();
22. mc.insertOne(new Document("oop", "java"));
23. printCollection("insert java", mc);
24. }
26. //打印查詢的結果集
27. public void printCollection(String doing, MongoCollection<Document> mc) {
28. System.out.println(doing);
29. FindIterable<Document> iterable = mc.find();
30. iterable.forEach(new Block<Document>() {
31. public void apply(final Document document) {
32. System.out.println(document);
33. }
34. });
35. System.out.println("------------------------------------------------------");
36. System.out.println();
37. }
38. }

如上面代碼所示，把所有的操作集中在show()方法中演示，並且在執行後打印集合以觀察對集合的影響。下面來填充show()方法，註意需要靜態導入Updates.*

import static com.mongodb.client.model.Updates.*;

print?

1. mc.insertOne(new Document("oop", "java"));
2. printCollection("insert java", mc);
4. //插入一個包含兩個字段的文檔
5. Document doc = new Document("oop", "csharp").append("copyright", "microsoft");
6. mc.insertOne(doc);
7. printCollection("insert csharp", mc);
9. //查找並修改一個文檔
10. mc.findOneAndReplace(new Document("oop", "java"), new Document("oop", "java").append("copyright", "oracle"));
11. printCollection("findAndReplace java", mc);
13. //刪除一個文檔
14. mc.deleteOne(new Document("oop", "java"));
15. printCollection("delete java", mc);
17. //刪除全部文檔
18. mc.deleteMany(new Document());
19. printCollection("delete all", mc);
21. //重新插入測試文檔
22. mc.insertOne(new Document("oop", "java").append("copyright", "oracle"));
23. mc.insertOne(new Document("oop", "csharp").append("copyright", "microsoft"));
24. printCollection("insert java,csharp and swift", mc);
26. //$set 文檔中存在指定字段則修改,沒有則添加
27. mc.updateMany(new Document(), set("rank", 100));
28. printCollection("$set all rank 100", mc);
30. //$unset 文檔中存在指定字段則刪除該字段
31. mc.updateOne(new Document("oop", "csharp"), unset("rank"));
32. printCollection("unset csharp rank", mc);
34. //$inc 文檔中存在指定字段則相加,沒有則添加
35. mc.updateOne(new Document("oop", "csharp"), inc("rank", 30));
36. printCollection("$inc csharp rank 30", mc);
37. mc.updateOne(new Document("oop", "csharp"), inc("rank", 31));
38. printCollection("$inc csharp rank 31", mc);
40. //$setOnInsert 在更新時指定upsert=true並實際觸發了插入操作時生效
41. mc.updateOne(new Document("oop", "swift").append("copyright", "apple"), setOnInsert("rank", 100), new UpdateOptions().upsert(true));
42. printCollection("$setOnInsert rank 100 for swift", mc);
44. //$mul 相乘
45. mc.updateOne(new Document("oop", "java"), mul("rank", 0.2));
46. printCollection("$mul java rank: 0.2", mc);
48. //$rename 重命名
49. mc.updateMany(new Document(), rename("rank", "ranks"));
50. printCollection("$rename all rank to ranks", mc);
52. //$min 取當前值和指定值之間比較小的
53. mc.updateMany(new Document(), min("ranks", 50));
54. printCollection("$min all ranks: 50", mc);
56. //$max 取當前值和指定值之間比較大的
57. mc.updateMany(new Document(), max("ranks", 40));
58. printCollection("$max all ranks: 40", mc);
60. //$currentDate
61. mc.updateMany(new Document("oop", "java"), currentDate("add"));
62. printCollection("$currentDate java", mc);
64. //$currentTimestamp
65. mc.updateMany(new Document("oop", "java"), currentTimestamp("lastModified"));
66. printCollection("$currentTimestamp java", mc);
68. //$addToSet 添加一個元素到不重復集合
69. mc.updateMany(new Document("oop", "java"), addToSet("keywords", "for"));
70. mc.updateMany(new Document("oop", "java"), addToSet("keywords", "for"));
71. printCollection("$addToSet java keywords: for", mc);
73. //$addEachToSet 添加一組元素到不重復集合
74. mc.updateMany(new Document("oop", "java"), addEachToSet("keywords", Arrays.asList("while", "true", "do", "new", "override")));
75. mc.updateMany(new Document("oop", "java"), addEachToSet("keywords", Arrays.asList("while", "true", "do", "new", "override")));
76. printCollection("$addEachToSet java keywords: while,true,do,new,override", mc);
78. //$popFirst 刪除第一個元素
79. mc.updateMany(new Document("oop", "java"), popFirst("keywords"));
80. printCollection("$popFirst java keywords", mc);
82. //$popLast 刪除最後一個元素
83. mc.updateMany(new Document("oop", "java"), popLast("keywords"));
84. printCollection("$popLast java keywords", mc);
86. //$pull 刪除指定元素
87. mc.updateMany(new Document("oop", "java"), pull("keywords", "new"));
88. printCollection("$pull java keywords: new", mc);
90. //$pullByFilter 根據Filters刪除
91. mc.updateMany(new Document("oop", "java"), pullByFilter(Filters.gte("keywords", "true")));
92. printCollection("$pullByFilter java keywords: true", mc);
94. //$pullAll 刪除一組元素
95. mc.updateMany(new Document("oop", "java"), pullAll("keywords", Arrays.asList("while", "true", "do", "new", "override")));
96. printCollection("$pullAll java keywords", mc);
98. //$push 添加一個元素到可重復集合
99. mc.updateMany(new Document("oop", "java"), push("scores", 89));
100. printCollection("$push java scores: 89", mc);
102. //$pushEach 添加一組元素到可重復集合
103. mc.updateMany(new Document("oop", "java"), pushEach("scores", Arrays.asList(89, 90, 92)));
104. printCollection("$pushEach java scores: 89,90,92", mc);
106. //在集合的指定位置插入一組元素
107. mc.updateMany(new Document("oop", "java"), pushEach("scores", Arrays.asList(11, 12, 13), new PushOptions().position(0)));
108. printCollection("$pushEach java scores: 11,12,13 at position 0", mc);
110. //在集合的指定位置插入一組元素並倒序排列
111. mc.updateMany(new Document("oop", "java"), pushEach("scores", Arrays.asList(40, 41), new PushOptions().sort(-1)));
112. printCollection("$pushEach java scores: 40,41 and sort(-1)", mc);
114. //在集合的指定位置插入一組元素, 倒序排列後保留前3個
115. mc.updateMany(new Document("oop", "java"), pushEach("scores", Arrays.asList(60, 61), new PushOptions().sort(-1).slice(3)));
116. printCollection("$pushEach java scores: 60,61 and sort(-1) and slice(3)", mc);
118. //插入一組內嵌文檔
119. Bson bson = pushEach("experts",
120. Arrays.asList(new Document("first", "Rod").append("last", "Johnson"),
121. new Document("first", "Doug").append("last", "Cutting")));
122. mc.updateOne(new Document("oop", "java"), bson);
123. printCollection("$pushEach", mc);
125. //combine 組合Bson
126. bson = combine(set("author", "James Gosling"), set("version", "8.0"));
127. mc.updateOne(new Document("oop", "java"), bson);
128. printCollection("$combine", mc);

(完)

MongoDB-JAVA-Driver 3.2版本常用代碼全整理(1) - 增刪改