mysql多表聯合查詢操作例項分析
本文例項講述了mysql多表聯合查詢操作。分享給大家供大家參考,具體如下:
MySQL多表聯合查詢是MySQL資料庫的一種查詢方式,下面就為您介紹MySQL多表聯合查詢的語法,供您參考學習之用。
MySQL多表聯合查詢語法:
複製程式碼 程式碼如下:SELECT * FROM 插入表 LEFT JOIN 主表 ON t1.lvid=t2.lv_id select * from mytable,title where 表名1.name=表名2.writer ;
mysql版本大於4.0,使用UNION
進行查詢,示例如下:
SELECT `id`,`name`,`date`,'' AS `type` FROM table_A WHERE 條件語句…… UNION SELECT `id`,'未完成' AS `type` FROM table_B WHERE 條件語句…… ORDER BY `id` LIMIT num;
mysql版本小於4.0,需要建立臨時表,分為三步,示例如下:
第一步:建立臨時表tmp_table_name並插入table_A中的相關記錄
複製程式碼 程式碼如下:$sql = "CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE tmp_table_name SELECT `id`,'完成' AS `type` FROM table_A WHERE 條件語句……";
第二步:從table_B中取得相關記錄插入臨時表tmp_table_name中
複製程式碼 程式碼如下:INSERT INTO tmp_table_name SELECT `id`,`date2` AS `date`,'未完成' AS `type` FROM table_B WHERE 條件語句……
第三步:從臨時表tmp_table_name中取出記錄
SELECT * FROM tmp_table_name ORDER BY id DESC
union和order by、limit區別分析
程式碼示例:
CREATE TABLE `test1` ( `id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,`name` varchar(20) NOT NULL,`desc` varchar(100) NOT NULL,PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
1. 以下查詢會報錯誤:[Err] 1221 - Incorrect usage of UNION and ORDER BY
程式碼示例:
select * from test1 where name like 'A%' order by name union select * from test1 where name like 'B%' order by name
修改為:
程式碼示例:
select * from test1 where name like 'A%' union select * from test1 where name like 'B%' order by name
說明,在union中,不用括號的情況下,只能用一個order by(思考:union兩邊的order by的列名不一樣時,會出現什麼樣的結果?),這會對union後的結果集進行排序。
修改為:
程式碼示例:
(select * from test1 where name like 'A%' order by name) union (select * from test1 where name like 'B%' order by name)
也是可以的,這兩個order by在union前進行。
2. 同樣
程式碼示例:
select * from test1 where name like 'A%' limit 10 union select * from test1 where name like 'B%' limit 20
相當於:
程式碼示例:
(select * from test1 where name like 'A%' limit 10) union (select * from test1 where name like 'B%') limit 20
即後一個limit作用於的是union後的結果集,而不是union後的select。
也可以用括號括起來,以得到預期的結果:
3. UNION和UNION ALL區別
union會過濾掉union兩邊的select結果集中的重複的行,而union all不會過濾掉重複的行。
程式碼示例:
(select * from test1 where name like 'A%' limit 10) union (select * from test1 where name like 'B%' limit 20)
下面試一個年齡段分析的複雜sql語句
( SELECT '5~19' AS `age`,SUM(`impression`) AS impression,SUM(`click`) AS click,sum(`cost`) AS cost FROM `adgroup_age_report` WHERE ( ( (`age` <= 19) AND (`adgroup_id` = '61') ) AND (`date` >= '2015-11-22') ) AND (`date` <= '2017-02-20') ) UNION ( SELECT '20~29' AS `age`,sum(`cost`) AS cost FROM `adgroup_age_report` WHERE ( ( ((`age` <= 29) AND(`age` >= 20)) AND (`adgroup_id` = '61') ) AND (`date` >= '2015-11-22') ) AND (`date` <= '2017-02-20') ) UNION ( SELECT '30~39' AS `age`,sum(`cost`) AS cost FROM `adgroup_age_report` WHERE ( ( ((`age` <= 39) AND(`age` >= 30)) AND (`adgroup_id` = '61') ) AND (`date` >= '2015-11-22') ) AND (`date` <= '2017-02-20') ) UNION ( SELECT '40~49' AS `age`,sum(`cost`) AS cost FROM `adgroup_age_report` WHERE ( ( ((`age` <= 49) AND(`age` >= 40)) AND (`adgroup_id` = '61') ) AND (`date` >= '2015-11-22') ) AND (`date` <= '2017-02-20') ) UNION ( SELECT '50~59' AS `age`,sum(`cost`) AS cost FROM `adgroup_age_report` WHERE ( ( ((`age` <= 59) AND(`age` >= 50)) AND (`adgroup_id` = '61') ) AND (`date` >= '2015-11-22') ) AND (`date` <= '2017-02-20') )
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