Java Poi 在Excel中輸出特殊符號的實現方法
阿新 • • 發佈：2020-07-18
最近的工作圍繞報表匯出，並沒有整合相應的報表外掛，只是使用了Poi。其中有一個需求，Excel中匯出特殊符號，如√、×等。在網上找尋了許久，沒有相關資料，故記錄分享一下。
思考良久，走了不少彎路，最後受 System.out.println() 啟發，實現方式真的超級簡單。每一個特殊符號，都對應一個Unicode編碼，我們只需要將特定的符號，轉變成Unicode編碼，進行輸出即可。
相應的程式碼輸出：
cell.setCellValue("\u221A");
另附自己編寫的Excel工具類，支援單表、主子表(可定製主表在前還是在後)、圖片、特殊符號等。
<dependency> <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId> <artifactId>poi</artifactId> <version>4.1.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId> <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId> <version>4.1.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId> <artifactId>poi-ooxml-schemas</artifactId> <version>4.1.2</version> </dependency>
package com.king.tools.util;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* @author ππ
* @date 2020-6-22 17:03
* 匯出的Excel中，百分比
*/
public class ExcelPercentField {
public final static Map<String,String> percentFiledMap = new HashMap<>();
static {
// 根據實際情況進行設定
percentFiledMap.put("a","a");
percentFiledMap.put("b","b");
percentFiledMap.put("c","c");
}
}
package com.king.tools.util;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.*;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.util.HSSFColor;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.*;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddress;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.RegionUtil;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.*;
/**
* @author ππ
* @date 2020-6-10 14:45
* excel 匯出通用類
* 採用反射生成
* 目前僅支援匯出slx，暫不支援匯出xlsx格式
*/
public class ExcelExport<T> {
Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ExcelExport.class);
private HSSFWorkbook workbook;
private HSSFSheet sheet;
private int rowNum;
private HSSFPatriarch patriarch ;
private String fileName;
private int version;
public ExcelExport(){}
public ExcelExport(String fileName,int version) {
this.fileName = fileName;
this.version = version;
}
/**
* 匯出Excel到指定位置
* @param fields 欄位集合 主表key為entity,子表key為children
* @param dataset 資料集合 注意：如果為主子表，主表中，子表集合對應的屬性名必須為children,反射使用的children進行對映，可修改
* @param path 檔案路徑
*/
public void exportExcel(String title,Map<String,List<String>> fields,Collection<T> dataset,String path,boolean childBefore){
createExcelHSSF(title,fields,null,dataset,DateUtils.YYYY_MM_DD,path,childBefore);
}
/**
* 匯出Excel到指定位置
* @param fields 欄位集合 主表key為entity,子表key為children
* @param header 表頭陣列
* @param dataset 資料集合 注意：如果為主子表，主表中，子表集合對應的屬性名必須為children,反射使用的children進行對映，可修改
* @param path 檔案路徑
* @param childBefore 子表在前 預設false
*/
public void exportExcel(String title,String[] header,header,反射使用的children進行對映，可修改
* @param pattern 日期格式
* @param path 檔案路徑
* @param childBefore 子表在前
*/
public void exportExcel(String title,String pattern,pattern,childBefore);
}
/**
* 匯出檔案到本地
* @param fields 欄位集合 主表key為entity,反射使用的children進行對映，可修改
* @param response http
*/
public void exportExcel(String title,HttpServletResponse response){
createExcelHSSF(title,response);
}
/**
* 匯出檔案到本地
* @param fields 欄位集合 主表key為entity,反射使用的children進行對映，可修改
* @param pattern 日期格式
* @param response http
*/
public void exportExcel(String title,response);
}
/**
* 頁面下載excel
* @param title
* @param fields
* @param header
* @param dataset
* @param pattern
* @param response
*/
private void createExcelHSSF(String title,HttpServletResponse response){
response.reset(); // 清除buffer快取
// 指定下載的檔名
response.setHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;filename=contacts" +(StringUtils.isBlank(fileName)? DateUtils.dateTimeNow() : fileName) + ".xls");
response.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel;charset=UTF-8");
response.setHeader("Pragma","no-cache");
response.setHeader("Cache-Control","no-cache");
response.setDateHeader("Expires",0);
createExcel2003(title,false);
httpExcelHSSF(workbook,response);
}
/**
* 輸出到指定路徑
* @param title
* @param fields
* @param header
* @param dataset
* @param pattern
* @param path
* @param childBefore
*/
private void createExcelHSSF(String title,boolean childBefore){
createExcel2003(title,childBefore);
ioExcelHSSF(workbook,path);
}
/**
* 公共方法，建立excel 2003版
* @param title
* @param fields
* @param header
* @param dataset
* @param pattern
* @param childBefore
*/
private void createExcel2003(String title,boolean childBefore){
// 初始化構建
initWorkBook();
// 生成樣式
HSSFCellStyle titleStyle = getTitleStyle(workbook);
HSSFCellStyle headerStyle = getHeaderStyle(workbook);
HSSFCellStyle normalStyle = getNormalStyle(workbook);
HSSFCellStyle footerStyle = getFooterStyle(workbook);
HSSFCellStyle percentStyle = createPercentStyle(workbook);
// 建立表頭
createTableTitle(title,header.length-1,titleStyle);
// 生成標題行
createTableHead(header,headerStyle);
// 迭代集合
Iterator it = dataset.iterator();
// 獲取主表屬性欄位
List<String> entityFields = fields.get("entity");
// 獲取子表屬性欄位
List<String> childFields = fields.get("children");
// 主表字段長度
int entityColumnLength = entityFields.size();
int childColumnLength = 0;
if(childFields !=null){
childColumnLength = childFields.size();
}
// 合併行
int rowspan = 0;
// 每個物件的子表資料
Object children = null;
HSSFRow row;
HSSFCell cell;
while (it.hasNext()){
rowNum ++;
T t = (T) it.next();
row = sheet.createRow(rowNum);
// 確定合併行數
if(childFields !=null && childFields.size() > 0){
children = getValue(t,"children");
if(children !=null && ((ArrayList)children).size()>0){
rowspan = ((ArrayList)children).size()-1;
}
}
// 主表字段
for(int i = 0; i <entityFields.size(); i++){
Object value = getValue(t,entityFields.get(i));
// 建立單元格
if(childBefore){
if(ExcelPercentField.percentFiledMap.containsKey(entityFields.get(i))){
createTableCell(row.createCell(i+childColumnLength),value,percentStyle,rowspan);
}else{
createTableCell(row.createCell(i+childColumnLength),normalStyle,rowspan);
}
}else{
if(ExcelPercentField.percentFiledMap.containsKey(entityFields.get(i))){
createTableCell(row.createCell(i),rowspan);
}else{
createTableCell(row.createCell(i),rowspan);
}
}
}
// 子表字段
if(childFields !=null && childFields.size() > 0){
if(children !=null ){
List list = (ArrayList)children;
for(int i = 0;i <list.size(); i++){
if(i >0){
rowNum++;
row = sheet.createRow(rowNum);
}
for(int j = 0;j<childFields.size();j++){
Object value = getValue(list.get(i),childFields.get(j));
if(childBefore){
if(ExcelPercentField.percentFiledMap.containsKey(childFields.get(j))){
createTableCell(row.createCell(j ),rowspan);
}else{
createTableCell(row.createCell(j ),rowspan);
}
}else{
if(ExcelPercentField.percentFiledMap.containsKey(childFields.get(j))){
createTableCell(row.createCell(j +entityColumnLength),rowspan);
}else{
createTableCell(row.createCell(j +entityColumnLength),rowspan);
}
}
}
}
}
}
// 如果需要合併行
if(rowspan > 0){
for(int i = 0;i<entityFields.size();i++){
CellRangeAddress cellRange = null;
if(childBefore){
cellRange= new CellRangeAddress(rowNum-rowspan,rowNum,i+childColumnLength,i+childColumnLength);
}else{
cellRange = new CellRangeAddress(rowNum-rowspan,i,i);
}
sheet.addMergedRegion(cellRange);
//新增邊框
RegionUtil.setBorderTop(BorderStyle.THIN,cellRange,sheet);
RegionUtil.setBorderBottom(BorderStyle.THIN,sheet);
RegionUtil.setBorderLeft(BorderStyle.THIN,sheet);
RegionUtil.setBorderRight(BorderStyle.THIN,sheet);
RegionUtil.setTopBorderColor(HSSFColor.HSSFColorPredefined.GREEN.getIndex(),sheet);
RegionUtil.setBottomBorderColor(HSSFColor.HSSFColorPredefined.GREEN.getIndex(),sheet);
RegionUtil.setLeftBorderColor(HSSFColor.HSSFColorPredefined.GREEN.getIndex(),sheet);
RegionUtil.setRightBorderColor(HSSFColor.HSSFColorPredefined.GREEN.getIndex(),sheet);
}
}
}
sheet.autoSizeColumn(2);
setSizeColumn(sheet,entityColumnLength+childColumnLength);
}
/**
* 初始化構建工作簿
*/
private void initWorkBook(){
// 建立一個工作簿
workbook = HSSFWorkbookFactory.createWorkbook();
// 建立一個sheet
sheet = workbook.createSheet();
// 預設表格列寬
sheet.setDefaultColumnWidth(18);
patriarch = sheet.createDrawingPatriarch();
}
/**
* 建立Excel標題
* @param title 標題
* @param colspan 合併列
* @param headerStyle 樣式
*/
private void createTableTitle(String title,int colspan,HSSFCellStyle headerStyle) {
if(StringUtils.isBlank(title)){
return;
}
HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(rowNum);
row.setHeightInPoints(30f);
HSSFCell cell = row.createCell(0);
sheet.addMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(rowNum,colspan));
cell.setCellStyle(headerStyle);
cell.setCellValue(title);
rowNum ++;
}
/**
* 建立Excel表頭
* @param header
* @param headerStyle
*/
private void createTableHead(String[] header,HSSFCellStyle headerStyle) {
if(header ==null || header.length <1){
return;
}
HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(rowNum);
HSSFCell cell;
for (int i = 0; i < header.length; i++){
cell = row.createCell(i);
cell.setCellStyle(headerStyle);
cell.setCellValue(header[i]);
cell.setCellType(CellType.STRING);
}
}
/**
* 建立單元格
* @param cell
* @param value
* @param normalStyle
*/
private void createTableCell(HSSFCell cell,Object value,HSSFCellStyle normalStyle,int rowspan) {
cell.setCellStyle(normalStyle);
if (value ==null){
return;
}
if(value instanceof Number){
cell.setCellType(CellType.NUMERIC);
cell.setCellValue(Double.parseDouble(value.toString()));
//日期
} else if(value instanceof Date){
cell.setCellType(CellType.STRING);
cell.setCellValue(DateUtils.parseDateToStr(pattern,(Date)value));
// 圖片
} else if(value instanceof byte[]){
cell.getRow().setHeightInPoints(80);
sheet.setColumnWidth(cell.getColumnIndex(),(short) (34.5 * 110));
HSSFClientAnchor anchor = new HSSFClientAnchor(0,1023,255,(short) cell.getColumnIndex(),rowNum);
anchor.setAnchorType(ClientAnchor.AnchorType.MOVE_DONT_RESIZE);
patriarch.createPicture(anchor,workbook.addPicture(
(byte[])value,HSSFWorkbook.PICTURE_TYPE_JPEG));
}else if(value instanceof Boolean){
cell.setCellType(CellType.STRING);
if((boolean)value){
cell.setCellValue("\u221A");
}
// 全部當作字串處理
}else{
cell.setCellType(CellType.STRING);
cell.setCellValue(new HSSFRichTextString(String.valueOf(value)));
}
}
/**
* 建立標題行
* @param workbook
* @return
*/
private HSSFCellStyle getTitleStyle(HSSFWorkbook workbook) {
HSSFCellStyle style = getNormalStyle(workbook);
style.getFont(workbook).setFontHeightInPoints((short)12);
style.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.CENTER);
style.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTER);
return style;
}
/**
* 建立尾部合計行
* @param workbook
* @return
*/
private HSSFCellStyle getFooterStyle(HSSFWorkbook workbook) {
HSSFCellStyle style = getNormalStyle(workbook);
style.getFont(workbook).setFontHeightInPoints((short)12);
style.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.CENTER);
style.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTER);
style.setFillForegroundColor(IndexedColors.LIME.getIndex());
style.setFillPattern(FillPatternType.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
return style;
}
/**
* 建立表頭樣式
* @param workbook
* @return
*/
private HSSFCellStyle getHeaderStyle(HSSFWorkbook workbook) {
HSSFCellStyle style = getNormalStyle(workbook);
style.getFont(workbook).setFontHeightInPoints((short)11);
style.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.CENTER);
style.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTER);
style.setFillForegroundColor(IndexedColors.LIME.getIndex());
style.setFillPattern(FillPatternType.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
HSSFPalette palette = workbook.getCustomPalette();
palette.setColorAtIndex(IndexedColors.LIME.getIndex(),(byte)198,(byte)224,(byte)180);
return style;
}
/**
* 百分比格式
* @param workbook
* @return
*/
private HSSFCellStyle createPercentStyle(HSSFWorkbook workbook){
HSSFCellStyle style = getNormalStyle(workbook);
style.setDataFormat(HSSFDataFormat.getBuiltinFormat("0.00%"));
return style;
}
/**
* 建立普通樣式
* @param workbook
* @return
*/
private HSSFCellStyle getNormalStyle(HSSFWorkbook workbook){
// 建立字型
HSSFFont font = workbook.createFont();
font.setFontHeightInPoints((short)10);
// 構建樣式
HSSFCellStyle style = workbook.createCellStyle();
// 設定邊框
style.setBorderTop(BorderStyle.THIN);
style.setBorderRight(BorderStyle.THIN);
style.setBorderBottom(BorderStyle.THIN);
style.setBorderLeft(BorderStyle.THIN);
style.setTopBorderColor(HSSFColor.HSSFColorPredefined.BLACK.getIndex());
style.setRightBorderColor(HSSFColor.HSSFColorPredefined.BLACK.getIndex());
style.setBottomBorderColor(HSSFColor.HSSFColorPredefined.BLACK.getIndex());
style.setLeftBorderColor(HSSFColor.HSSFColorPredefined.BLACK.getIndex());
style.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.CENTER);
style.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTER);
style.setFont(font);
// 字型預設換行
style.setWrapText(true);
return style;
}
/**
* 反射獲取值
* @param t
* @param fieldName
* @param <E>
* @return
*/
private <E> Object getValue(E t,String fieldName){
String methodName = "get"
+ fieldName.substring(0,1).toUpperCase()
+ fieldName.substring(1);
try {
Method method = t.getClass().getMethod(methodName);
method.setAccessible(true);
Object value = method.invoke(t);
return value;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
/**
* 輸出IO流
* @param workbook
* @param path
* @return
*/
private void ioExcelHSSF(HSSFWorkbook workbook,String path){
OutputStream ops =null;
if(StringUtils.isBlank(fileName)){
path = path + DateUtils.dateTimeNow() +".xls";
} else {
path = path + fileName + ".xls";
}
try {
ops = new FileOutputStream(path);
workbook.write(ops);
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
if(ops != null){
try {
ops.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
private void httpExcelHSSF(HSSFWorkbook workbook,HttpServletResponse response){
OutputStream ops = null;
try {
ops = response.getOutputStream();
response.flushBuffer();
workbook.write(ops);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
if(ops !=null){
try {
ops.close();
} catch (IOException ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
/**
* 自適應列寬
* @param sheet
* @param size 列數
*/
private void setSizeColumn(HSSFSheet sheet,int size) {
for(int i =0;i<size;i++){
int columnWidth = sheet.getColumnWidth(i) / 256;
for (int rowNum = 1; rowNum <= sheet.getLastRowNum(); rowNum++) {
HSSFRow currentRow;
//當前行未被使用過
if (sheet.getRow(rowNum) == null) {
currentRow = sheet.createRow(rowNum);
} else {
currentRow = sheet.getRow(rowNum);
}
if (currentRow.getCell(i) != null) {
HSSFCell currentCell = currentRow.getCell(i);
// if(rowNum==sheet.getLastRowNum()){
// HSSFCellStyle style = currentCell.getCellStyle();
// style.setFillForegroundColor(IndexedColors.LIME.getIndex());
// style.setFillPattern(FillPatternType.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
// currentCell.setCellStyle(style);
// }
if (currentCell.getCellType() == CellType.STRING) {
int length = currentCell.getStringCellValue().getBytes().length;
if (columnWidth < length) {
columnWidth = length;
}
}
}
}
sheet.setColumnWidth(i,columnWidth * 256);
}
}
}效果圖如下：
但仍遇到一個問題，主子表結構匯出，如果圖片在主表，合併行之後，圖片並不會居中，並且第一行會被撐開，有沒有比較簡單的方式進行處理(不想重新計算錨點，然後定高輸出)？
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