【後端】SSM（Spring + SpringMVC + Mybatis）框架整合（一）

阿新 • • 發佈：2021-08-28

✨SSM簡介

SSM（Spring+SpringMVC+MyBatis）框架集由Spring、MyBatis兩個開源框架整合而成（SpringMVC是Spring中的部分內容）。

常作為資料來源較簡單的web專案的框架。

Spring

Spring就像是整個專案中裝配bean的大工廠，在配置檔案中可以指定使用特定的引數去呼叫實體類的構造方法來例項化物件。也可以稱之為專案中的粘合劑。
Spring的核心思想是IoC（控制反轉），即不再需要程式設計師去顯式地new一個物件，而是讓Spring框架幫你來完成這一切。

SpringMVC

SpringMVC在專案中攔截使用者請求，它的核心Servlet即DispatcherServlet承擔中介或是前臺這樣的職責，將使用者請求通過HandlerMapping去匹配Controller，Controller就是具體對應請求所執行的操作。SpringMVC相當於SSH框架中struts。

Mybatis

mybatis是對jdbc的封裝，它讓資料庫底層操作變的透明。mybatis的操作都是圍繞一個sqlSessionFactory例項展開的。mybatis通過配置檔案關聯到各實體類的Mapper檔案，Mapper檔案中配置了每個類對資料庫所需進行的sql語句對映。在每次與資料庫互動時，通過sqlSessionFactory拿到一個sqlSession，再執行sql命令。

SSM整合

頁面傳送請求給控制器，控制器呼叫業務層處理邏輯，邏輯層向持久層傳送請求，持久層與資料庫互動，後將結果返回給業務層，業務層將處理邏輯傳送給控制器，控制器再呼叫檢視展現資料。

本Blog按照【狂神說Java】SSM框架最新整合教學IDEA版_嗶哩嗶哩_bilibili

進行SSM整合（對應視訊 P1-P4部分）

後續更新相關功能實現（對應視訊 P5-P7 部分）

✨資料庫

CREATE DATABASE `ssmbuild`;

USE `ssmbuild`;

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `books`;

CREATE TABLE `books` (
`book_id` INT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '書id',
`book_name` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '書名',
`book_counts` INT(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '數量',
`book_detail` VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL COMMENT '描述',
KEY `book_id` (`book_id`)
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8

INSERT  INTO `books`(`book_id`,`book_name`,`book_counts`,`book_detail`)VALUES
(1,'《Java核心技術》',1,'Java入門'),
(2,'《Effective Java》',10,'Java進階'),
(3,'《深入理解Java虛擬機器》',10,'JVM'),
(4,'《A Byte of Python》',10,'Python入門'),
(5,'《大話設計模式》',10,'設計模式');

✨Maven

依賴

<!--    依賴: junit 資料庫驅動 連線池 servlet jsp mybatis mybatis-spring spring-->
    <dependencies>
<!--        Junit-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.13.2</version>
        </dependency>
<!--        資料庫驅動-->
        <dependency>
                <groupId>mysql</groupId>
                <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
                <version>5.1.49</version>
        </dependency>
<!--        資料庫連線池-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
            <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
            <version>0.9.5.5</version>
        </dependency>

<!--        Servlet JSP-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>

<!--        Mybatis-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.7</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.6</version>
        </dependency>

<!--        Spring-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>5.3.9</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>5.3.9</version>
        </dependency>

<!--        Lombok-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.18.20</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

靜態資源匯出

<!--    靜態資源匯出-->
    <build>
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>false</filtering>
            </resource>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>false</filtering>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>

✨專案結構（初始化）

新建軟體包與XML

com.example.pojo
com.example.dao
com.example.service
com.example.controller

mybatis-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
       PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
       "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>

</configuration>

applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
      xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
      xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

</beans>

✨Mybatis

database.properties

jdbc.driver = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url = jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmbuild?useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
jdbc.username = root
jdbc.password = root

Mybatis核心配置檔案

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>

<!--    配置資料來源 -> Spring-->

<!--    駝峰命名自動對映-->
    <settings>
        <setting name="mapUnderscoreToCamelCase" value="true"/>
    </settings>

    <typeAliases>
        <package name="com.example.pojo"/>
    </typeAliases>

</configuration>

實體類

package com.example.pojo;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Books {
    private int bookId;
    private String bookName;
    private int bookCounts;
    private String bookDetail;
}

Mapper介面

package com.example.dao;

import com.example.pojo.Books;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Select;

import java.util.List;

public interface BookMapper {
    int insertBook(Books books);

    int deleteBookById(@Param("bookId") int bookId);

    int updateBook(Books books);

    Books getBookById(@Param("bookId") int bookId);

    @Select("select * from ssmbuild.books")
    List<Books> listBooks();
}

Mapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.example.dao.BookMapper">
    <insert id="insertBook" parameterType="books">
        insert into ssmbuild.books(book_id, book_name, book_counts, book_detail)
        VALUES (#{bookId}, #{bookName}, #{bookCounts}, #{bookDetail})
    </insert>
    
    <delete id="deleteBookById" parameterType="int">
        delete from ssmbuild.books where book_id = #{bookId}
    </delete>

    <update id="updateBook" parameterType="books">
        update ssmbuild.books
        set book_name = #{bookName}, book_counts = #{bookCounts}, book_detail = #{bookDetail}
        where book_id = #{bookId}
    </update>
    
    <select id="getBookById" resultType="books">
        select * from ssmbuild.books where book_id = #{bookId}
    </select>

</mapper>

Service層

介面

package com.example.service;

import com.example.pojo.Books;

import java.util.List;

public interface BookService {
    int insertBook(Books books);

    int deleteBookById(int bookId);

    int updateBook(Books books);

    Books getBookById(int bookId);

    List<Books> listBooks();
}

實現類

package com.example.service;

import com.example.dao.BookMapper;
import com.example.pojo.Books;

import java.util.List;

public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService{

//    service層調dao層

    private BookMapper bookMapper;

    public void setBookMapper(BookMapper bookMapper) {
        this.bookMapper = bookMapper;
    }

    @Override
    public int insertBook(Books books) {
        return bookMapper.insertBook(books);
    }

    @Override
    public int deleteBookById(int bookId) {
        return bookMapper.deleteBookById(bookId);
    }

    @Override
    public int updateBook(Books books) {
        return bookMapper.updateBook(books);
    }

    @Override
    public Books getBookById(int bookId) {
        return bookMapper.getBookById(bookId);
    }

    @Override
    public List<Books> listBooks() {
        return bookMapper.listBooks();
    }
}

✨Spring

在 resources 下新建

spring-dao.xml
spring-service.xml

Spring整合Mybatis

spring-dao.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    
<!--    配置整合Mybatis-->

<!--    1. 關聯資料庫檔案 -->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:database.properties"/>

<!--    2. 資料庫連線池 -->
    <!--資料庫連線池
        dbcp 半自動化操作 不能自動連線
        c3p0 自動化操作（自動的載入配置檔案 並且設定到物件裡面）
        druid hikari
    -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <!-- 配置連線池屬性 -->
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>

        <!-- c3p0連線池的私有屬性 -->
        <property name="maxPoolSize" value="30"/>
        <property name="minPoolSize" value="10"/>
        <!-- 關閉連線後不自動commit -->
        <property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="false"/>
        <!-- 獲取連線超時時間 -->
        <property name="checkoutTimeout" value="10000"/>
        <!-- 當獲取連線失敗重試次數 -->
        <property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="2"/>
    </bean>

<!--    3. 配置SqlSessionFactory物件 -->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <!-- 注入資料庫連線池 -->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <!-- 配置MyBatis全域性配置檔案:mybatis-config.xml -->
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
    </bean>

<!--    4. 配置掃描Dao介面包，動態實現Dao介面注入到Spring容器中-->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <!-- 注入sqlSessionFactory -->
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
        <!-- 給出需要掃描Dao介面包 -->
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.example.dao"/>
    </bean>

</beans>

Spring整合service層

spring-service.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

<!--    掃描service相關的bean -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.example.service" />

<!--    BookServiceImpl注入到IOC容器中（可以使用配置或註解實現）-->
    <bean id="bookServiceImpl" class="com.example.service.BookServiceImpl">
        <property name="bookMapper" ref="bookMapper"/>
    </bean>

<!--     配置事務管理器 -->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <!-- 注入資料庫連線池 -->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
    </bean>

<!--    AOP事務支援...-->

</beans>

✨SpringMVC

在 resources 下新建 spring-mvc.xml

新增Web框架支援

在專案根目錄右鍵 -> 新增框架支援

**並在 WEB-INF 下新建目錄 jsp **

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">

<!--    DispatcherServlet-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <!--注意：載入的是總的配置檔案-->
            <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

<!--    encodingFilter 亂碼過濾-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

    <!--Session過期時間-->
    <session-config>
        <session-timeout>15</session-timeout>
    </session-config>

</web-app>

spring-mvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

<!--    配置SpringMVC -->
    
<!--    1. 開啟SpringMVC註解驅動-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!--    2.靜態資源預設servlet配置-->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>

<!--    3.配置jsp 顯示ViewResolver檢視解析器 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>

<!--    4.掃描web相關的bean -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.example.controller"/>

</beans>

✨配置檔案整合

在 applicationContext.xml 中匯入各層配置檔案

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <import resource="spring-dao.xml"/>
    <import resource="spring-service.xml"/>
    <import resource="spring-mvc.xml"/>
    
</beans>

✨專案結構（SSM整合）

✨參考及引用

SSM（SSM 框架集）_百度百科 (baidu.com)

【狂神說Java】SSM框架最新整合教學IDEA版_嗶哩嗶哩_bilibili

狂神說SpringMVC05：整合SSM框架 (qq.com)

⭐轉載請註明出處

本文作者：雙份濃縮馥芮白

原文連結：https://www.cnblogs.com/Flat-White/p/15200766.html