ORACLE LINUX 7.7 安裝ORACLE 11.2.0.4.0 RAC
阿新 • • 發佈：2021-07-22
環境：oracle linux7.7，安裝系統時需雙網絡卡，接心跳線。
節點一(rac1)：
網絡卡一：10.244.186.189
網絡卡二：192.168.1.101
節點二(rac2)：
網絡卡一：10.244.186.220
網絡卡二：192.168.1.103
關閉防火牆
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
- 1.掛載映象，配置本地yum(兩個節點都要操作)：
mkdir /mnt/cdrom
mount /dev/sr0 /mnt/cdrom/
mv /etc/yum.repos.d /etc/yum.repos.d.bak
mkdir /etc/yum.repos.d
vi /etc/yum.repos.d/public-yum-ol7.repo
[CDROM]
name=isofile
baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=file:///mnt/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle
yum clean all
yum makecache
2.修改主機名：(11.2.0.4要求主機名小寫)
vim /etc/hostname rac1
3.修改hosts檔案
vim /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhostlocalhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4 ::1localhostlocalhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6 #rac1 10.244.186.189 rac1 10.244.186.196 rac1-vip 192.168.1.101 rac1-priv #rac2 10.244.186.220 rac2 10.244.186.197 rac2-vip 192.168.1.103 rac2-priv #scan-cluster 10.244.186.199 scan-cluster
4.配置核心引數
vim /etc/sysctl.conf
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576 fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 16777216 kernel.shmmax = 68719476735 kernel.shmmni = 4096 kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 net.core.rmem_default = 262144 net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 net.core.wmem_max= 1048586
sysctl -p
5.修改limits
grid soft nproc 2047 grid hard nproc 16384 grid soft nofile 1024 grid hard nofile 65536 oracle soft nproc 2047 oracle hard nproc 16384 oracle soft nofile 1024 oracle hard nofile 65536
6.修改/etc/pam.d/login檔案
vim /etc/pam.d/login 加入如下內容： session required pam_limits.so
7.修改/etc/profile
vim /etc/profile
加入如下內容： if [ $USER = "oracle" ] || [ $USER = "grid" ]; then if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then ulimit -p 16384 ulimit -n 65536 else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536 fi umask 022 fi
8.禁用selinux
vim /etc/selinux/config 把SELINUX=enforcing改為SELINUX=disabled
9.新增組和使用者
groupadd -g 501 oinstall groupadd -g 502 dba groupadd -g 503 oper groupadd -g 504 asmadmin groupadd -g 505 asmoper groupadd -g 506 asmdba useradd -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba,oper oracle useradd -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper,oper,dba grid
passwd oracle
passwd grid
10.建立目錄
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle mkdir -p /u01/app/grid mkdir -p /u01/app/11.2.0/grid chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/grid chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/11.2.0 chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle chmod -R 775 /u01 mkdir -p /u01/app/oraInventory chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/oraInventory chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oraInventory
11.配置 grid 和 oracle 使用者的環境變數
vim /home/oracle/.bash_profile
export ORACLE_SID=rac1 export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1 export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib export NLS_DATE_FORMAT="yyyy-mm-dd HH24:MI:SS" export TMP=/tmp export TMPDIR=$TMP export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
source /home/oracle/.bash_profile
vim /home/grid/.bash_profile export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1 export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/11.2.0/grid export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib export NLS_DATE_FORMAT="yyyy-mm-dd HH24:MI:SS" export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH source /home/grid/.bash_profile
rac2上重複此操作。注意：另外一臺資料庫例項名須做相應修改：(rac2/+ASM2)
12.安裝依賴：
yum install gcc gcc-c++ glibc* glibc-devel* libgcc* libstdc++* libstdc++-devel* make sysstat -y yum install -y compat-libstdc* yum install -y unixODBC* yum install -y compat-libcap* yum install -y libcap* yum install libaio-devel yum install xdpyinfo yum install perl-Env yum install -y smartmontools yum install elfutils-libelf-devel yum install unzip
13.配置互相信任，grid/oracle使用者都需要
切換到oracle使用者： rac1： ssh-keygen -t rsa [這裡一路回車就可以了] cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys ssh rac2 cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys[輸入yes] ssh-copy-id oracle@rac2[將本地公鑰追加到authorized_keys上] ssh rac2 date 只要不再提示輸入密碼就成功了。 rac2： ssh-keygen -t rsa [這裡一路回車就可以了] cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys ssh rac1 cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys[輸入yes] ssh-copy-id oracle@rac1 [將本地公鑰追加到authorized_keys上] ssh rac1 date 只要不再提示輸入密碼就成功了。 grid使用者重複此步驟，把oracle改為grid即可。
14.配置共享儲存，這裡用的是3par8400，已在3par管理軟體中劃好磁碟並對映到主機，只需格式化即可
fdisk -l fdisk /dev/sdc fdisk /dev/sdd fdisk /dev/sde fdisk /dev/sdf fdisk /dev/sdg fdisk /dev/sdh fdisk /dev/sdi fdisk /dev/sdj fdisk /dev/sdk fdisk /dev/sdl disk /dev/sdc表示要對/dev/sdc磁碟進行格式化，其中，輸入的命令分別表示： n表示新建1個分割槽； p表示分割槽型別選擇為primary partition 主分割槽； 1表示分割槽編號從1開始； 起始、終止柱面選擇預設值，即1和500； w表示將新建的分割槽資訊寫入硬碟分割槽表。
15.配置ASM磁碟(需要上傳並安裝如下三個依賴包)：
rpm -ivh pdksh-5.2.14-37.el5.x86_64.rpm rpm -ivh oracleasm-support-2.1.8-1.el6.x86_64.rpm rpm -ivh oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
執行如下命令
oracleasm configure -i命令進行配置時，使用者配置為grid，組為asmadmin，啟動ASM library driver驅動服務，並且將其配置為隨著作業系統的啟動而自動啟動。 oracleasm configure -i Configuring the Oracle ASM library driver. This will configure the on-boot properties of the Oracle ASM library driver. The following questions will determine whether the driver is loaded on boot and what permissions it will have. The current values will be shown in brackets ('[]'). Hitting <ENTER> without typing an answer will keep that current value. Ctrl-C will abort. Default user to own the driver interface []: grid Default group to own the driver interface []: asmadmin Start Oracle ASM library driver on boot (y/n) [n]: y Scan for Oracle ASM disks on boot (y/n) [y]: y Writing Oracle ASM library driver configuration: done 配置完成後，記得執行 oracleasm init命令來載入oracleasm核心模組。
oracleasm init
Creating /dev/oracleasm mount point: /dev/oracleasm Loading module "oracleasm": oracleasm Configuring "oracleasm" to use device physical block size Mounting ASMlib driver filesystem: /dev/oracleasm
在rac1建立共享盤：
oracleasm createdisk OCR1 /dev/sdc1 oracleasm createdisk OCR2 /dev/sdd1 oracleasm createdisk OCR3 /dev/sde1 oracleasm createdisk FRA /dev/sdf1 oracleasm createdisk DATA1 /dev/sdg1 oracleasm createdisk DATA2 /dev/sdh1 oracleasm createdisk DATA3 /dev/sdi1 oracleasm createdisk DATA4 /dev/sdj1 oracleasm createdisk DATA5 /dev/sdk1 oracleasm createdisk DATA6 /dev/sdl1
在rac2掃描磁碟：
oracleasm scandisks Reloading disk partitions: done Cleaning any stale ASM disks... Scanning system for ASM disks... Instantiating disk "OCR1" Instantiating disk "OCR2" Instantiating disk "OCR3" Instantiating disk "FRA" Instantiating disk "DATA1" Instantiating disk "DATA2" Instantiating disk "DATA3" Instantiating disk "DATA4" Instantiating disk "DATA5" Instantiating disk "DATA6"
16.安裝grid
上傳並解壓安裝包
unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_3of7.zip chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/grid/ chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/database/
使用grid使用者進入到解壓目錄
cd /u01/app/grid/ 驗證： ./runcluvfy.sh stage -pre crsinst -n mcebgcd-hrdb1,mcebgcd-hrdb2 -fixup -verbose
安裝Grid Infrastructure
1.安裝流程
只需要在一個節點上安裝即可，會自動複製到其他節點中，這裡在rac1中安裝。
進入圖形化介面，在grid使用者下進行安裝
安裝之前進入grid下rpm目錄安裝一個包(需在root使用者下)：
cd /u01/app/grid/rpm/ rpm -ivh cvuqdisk-1.0.9-1.rpm
再到grid使用者/u01/app/grid/下執行./runInstaller