mysql安裝 (MariaDB)
阿新 • • 發佈:2021-06-30
MariaDB 資料庫管理系統是 MySQL 的一個分支,主要由開源社群在維護,採用 GPL 授權許可。開發這個分支的原因之一是:甲骨文公司收購了 MySQL 後,有將 MySQL 閉源的潛在風險,因此社群採用分支的方式來避開這個風險。MariaDB完全相容mysql,使用方法也是一樣的
有的centos7已經預設安裝了Mariadb,可以檢視自己的有沒有安裝,沒有安裝的再進行安裝,已經安裝了可以不用安裝也可以解除安裝了重灌。解除安裝命令 yum remove mariadb-server
1、安裝MariaDB
通過yum安裝就行了。簡單快捷,安裝mariadb-server,預設依賴安裝mariadb,一個是服務端、一個是客戶端。
[root@mini ~]# yum install mariadb-server
2、配置MariaDB
1)安裝完成後首先要把MariaDB服務開啟,並設定為開機啟動
[root@mini ~]# systemctl start mariadb # 開啟服務 [root@mini ~]# systemctl enable mariadb # 設定為開機自啟動服務
2)首次安裝需要進行資料庫的配置,命令都和mysql的一樣
[root@mini ~]# mysql_secure_installation
3)配置時出現的各個選項
Enter current password for root (enter for none): # 輸入資料庫超級管理員root的密碼(注意不是系統root的密碼),第一次進入還沒有設定密碼則直接回車 Set root password? [Y/n] # 設定密碼,y New password: # 新密碼 Re-enter new password: # 再次輸入密碼 Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] # 移除匿名使用者, y Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] # 拒絕root遠端登入,n,不管y/n,都會拒絕root遠端登入 Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] # 刪除test資料庫,y:刪除。n:不刪除,資料庫中會有一個test資料庫,一般不需要 Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] # 重新載入許可權表,y。或者重啟服務也許
4)測試是否能夠登入成功,出現 MariaDB [(none)]> 就表示已經能夠正常登入使用MariaDB資料庫了
[root@mini ~]# mysql -u root -p Enter password: Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MariaDB connection id is 8 Server version: 5.5.60-MariaDB MariaDB Server Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]>
3、設定MariaDB字符集為utf-8
1)/etc/my.cnf 檔案
在 [mysqld] 標籤下新增
init_connect='SET collation_connection = utf8_unicode_ci' init_connect='SET NAMES utf8' character-set-server=utf8 collation-server=utf8_unicode_ci skip-character-set-client-handshake
2)/etc/my.cnf.d/client.cnf 檔案
在 [client] 標籤下新增
default-character-set=utf8
3)/etc/my.cnf.d/mysql-clients.cnf 檔案
在 [mysql] 標籤下新增
default-character-set=utf8
4)重啟服務
[root@mini ~]# systemctl restart mariadb
5)進入mariadb檢視字符集
MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like "%character%";show variables like "%collation%"; +--------------------------+----------------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------+----------------------------+ | character_set_client | utf8 | | character_set_connection | utf8 | | character_set_database | latin1 | | character_set_filesystem | binary | | character_set_results | utf8 | | character_set_server | latin1 | | character_set_system | utf8 | | character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ | +--------------------------+----------------------------+ 8 rows in set (0.01 sec) +----------------------+-------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +----------------------+-------------------+ | collation_connection | utf8_general_ci | | collation_database | latin1_swedish_ci | | collation_server | latin1_swedish_ci | +----------------------+-------------------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like "%character%";show variables like "%collation%"; +--------------------------+----------------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------+----------------------------+ | character_set_client | utf8 | | character_set_connection | utf8 | | character_set_database | utf8 | | character_set_filesystem | binary | | character_set_results | utf8 | | character_set_server | utf8 | | character_set_system | utf8 | | character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ | +--------------------------+----------------------------+ 8 rows in set (0.00 sec) +----------------------+-----------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +----------------------+-----------------+ | collation_connection | utf8_unicode_ci | | collation_database | utf8_unicode_ci | | collation_server | utf8_unicode_ci | +----------------------+-----------------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]>