OS X has a reputation for being secure. It is, and to its credit it provides quite a few options for making it even more secure, such as the option to securely delete files so they’re much harder, if not impossible, to recover.

OS X以安全著稱。 值得稱讚的是，它提供了許多使其更安全的選項，例如安全刪除檔案的選項，因此即使不是不可能，也很難恢復它們。

Securely deleting your files means that when you empty thetrash on your Mac, not only are the files removed from the hard drive, but they’re then overwritten with random bits of data to effectively obscure them. It’s like if you were to cross something out in pencil on a piece of paper versus taking a permanent black marker and going over it until you cannot make out what was underneath.

安全刪除檔案意味著，當您清空Mac上的垃圾時，不僅檔案從硬碟驅動器中被刪除，而且它們還會被隨機的資料覆蓋，從而有效地掩蓋了它們。 這就好比您要用鉛筆在紙上劃掉某些東西，而不是拿一個永久性的黑色記號筆在上面，直到無法分辨出下面的東西一樣。

Secure erasing is not a new concept, and we’ve explained how to do it in Windows. We’vementioned the ability to perform a secure erase on OS X in passing, when we discussed the Finder and its preferences

安全擦除並不是一個新概念，我們已經解釋瞭如何在Windows中進行擦除。 在討論Finder及其首選項時，我們提到過可以在OS X上執行安全擦除的功能。 今天，我們想向您展示在OS X中執行安全擦除的三種方法。

命令是選項 (Command is the Option)

The Option or Alt key opens up all kinds of new possibilities. For example, if you hold down the option key and click the volume slider on your menu bar, you can quickly

Option或Alt鍵打開了各種新的可能性。 例如，如果按住Option鍵並單擊選單欄上的音量滑塊，則可以快速更改輸入和輸出源。

Similarly, you’ll also find hidden items on Finder menus and Dock.

同樣，您還將在Finder選單和Dock上找到隱藏的專案。

It would seem to follow logically that you can do the same thing with the Trash, however, when you want to securely delete files from your computer, you will need to actually hold down the “Command” key,right-click, and then you can select “Secure Empty Trash”.

從邏輯上講，您可以對回收站執行相同的操作，但是，當您要安全地從計算機中刪除檔案時，您實際上需要按住Command鍵，右鍵單擊，然後可以選擇“確保清空垃圾箱”。

You can also securely delete the Trash using the Finder menu.

您也可以使用Finder選單安全刪除垃圾箱。

When you try to securely empty the trash, you’ll receive the following dialog warning you that this action is forever.

當您嘗試安全倒空垃圾桶時，會出現以下對話方塊，警告您該操作永遠存在。

Take note, however, if you do securely empty your trash with the intention of permanently erasing something, and you have Time Machine or another backup program running, then chances are thatthe offending file or files will still exist.

但是請注意，如果您確實要永久清除某些東西而確實倒空了垃圾箱，並且您正在執行Time Machine或其他備份程式，則可能有問題的檔案仍然存在。

Remember, hidden features and menus are normally accessible in OS X by using the “Option” key, but to access the hidden secure erase option, you need to use the “Command” key.

請記住，通常可以使用“ Option”鍵在OS X中訪問隱藏的功能和選單，但是要訪問隱藏的安全擦除選項，則需要使用“ Command”鍵。

永久啟用安全擦除 (Permanently Enabling Secure Erase)

If you don’t want to hold the “Command” key everytime you securely empty your trash, then you can enable it as the permanent default.

如果不想每次安全清空垃圾箱時都按住“ Command”鍵，則可以將其啟用為永久預設值。

You should know however, that securely erasing data every time will take longer than not. This is probably something you want to consider if you use a Mac with sensitive data or you’re just really privacy conscious, but for day-to-day erasures, it might be better to leave this option off.

但是，您應該知道，每次安全地擦除資料所花費的時間要長於沒有。 如果您使用帶有敏感資料的Mac，或者您確實非常注重隱私，則可能要考慮這一點，但是對於日常擦除，最好不選擇此選項。

First, open the Finder preferences from the “Finder” menu or use the “Command + ,” keyboard shortcut combination. Once they’re open, click the “Advanced” tab and then check the box next to “Empty Trash securely”.

首先，從“ Finder”選單開啟Finder首選項，或使用“ Command +”鍵盤快捷鍵組合。 開啟它們後，單擊“高階”選項卡，然後選中“安全清空垃圾箱”旁邊的框。

From now on, whenever you empty the trash, it will not indicate it is a secure erase until you actually initiate it, whereafter it will display the previously mentioned warning.

從現在開始，每當清空垃圾桶時，直到您真正啟動垃圾桶時，它才會表明它是安全擦除，此後它將顯示前面提到的警告。

Securely erasing the trash doesn’t absolve users of taking other security measures. OS X has an entire preference panel for important options such asencryption, passwords, firewall, and more. Secure erasing does, however, add in just another layer of safetythat users may not have previously considered.

安全地擦除垃圾並不能使使用者採取其他安全措施。 OS X具有整個首選項面板，其中包含重要選項，例如加密，密碼，防火牆等。 但是，安全擦除確實會增加使用者以前可能沒有考慮過的另一層安全性。

Just remember, secure erasing means your computer has to do extra work so it might take noticeably longer when performing larger delete operations. Also, anything you do delete with this method may still be located in Time Machine or other backups.

請記住，安全擦除意味著您的計算機必須做額外的工作，因此在執行較大的刪除操作時，它可能會花費更長的時間。 此外，使用此方法刪除的任何內容可能仍位於Time Machine或其他備份中。

If you have any feedback you would like to add, such as a comment or question, please leave it our discussion forum.

如果您有任何要新增的反饋，例如評論或問題，請將其保留在我們的討論論壇中。

翻譯自: https://www.howtogeek.com/219430/how-to-securely-empty-the-trash-in-os-x/