1. 程式人生 > 程式設計 >python實現單目標、多目標、多尺度、自定義特徵的KCF跟蹤演算法(例項程式碼)

python實現單目標、多目標、多尺度、自定義特徵的KCF跟蹤演算法(例項程式碼)

單目標跟蹤:

直接呼叫opencv中封裝的tracker即可。

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Sun Jan 5 17:50:47 2020
第四章 kcf跟蹤
@author: youxinlin
"""
import cv2
from items import MessageItem
import time
import numpy as np
'''
監視者模組,負責入侵檢測,目標跟蹤
'''
class WatchDog(object):
 #入侵檢測者模組,用於入侵檢測
 def __init__(self,frame=None):
  #運動檢測器建構函式
  self._background = None
  if frame is not None:
   self._background = cv2.GaussianBlur(cv2.cvtColor(frame,cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY),(21,21),0)
  self.es = cv2.getStructuringElement(cv2.MORPH_ELLIPSE,(10,10))
 def isWorking(self):
  #運動檢測器是否工作
  return self._background is not None
 def startWorking(self,frame):
  #運動檢測器開始工作
  if frame is not None:
   self._background = cv2.GaussianBlur(cv2.cvtColor(frame,0)
 def stopWorking(self):
  #運動檢測器結束工作
  self._background = None
 def analyze(self,frame):
  #運動檢測
  if frame is None or self._background is None:
   return
  sample_frame = cv2.GaussianBlur(cv2.cvtColor(frame,0)
  diff = cv2.absdiff(self._background,sample_frame)
  diff = cv2.threshold(diff,25,255,cv2.THRESH_BINARY)[1]
  diff = cv2.dilate(diff,self.es,iterations=2)
  image,cnts,hierarchy = cv2.findContours(diff.copy(),cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL,cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)
  coordinate = []
  bigC = None
  bigMulti = 0
  for c in cnts:
   if cv2.contourArea(c) < 1500:
    continue
   (x,y,w,h) = cv2.boundingRect(c)
   if w * h > bigMulti:
    bigMulti = w * h
    bigC = ((x,y),(x+w,y+h))
  if bigC:
   cv2.rectangle(frame,bigC[0],bigC[1],(255,0),2,1)
  coordinate.append(bigC)
  message = {"coord":coordinate}
  message['msg'] = None
  return MessageItem(frame,message)
class Tracker(object):
 '''
 追蹤者模組,用於追蹤指定目標
 '''
 def __init__(self,tracker_type = "BOOSTING",draw_coord = True):
  '''
  初始化追蹤器種類
  '''
  #獲得opencv版本
  (major_ver,minor_ver,subminor_ver) = (cv2.__version__).split('.')
  self.tracker_types = ['BOOSTING','MIL','KCF','TLD','MEDIANFLOW','GOTURN']
  self.tracker_type = tracker_type
  self.isWorking = False
  self.draw_coord = draw_coord
  #構造追蹤器
  if int(minor_ver) < 3:
   self.tracker = cv2.Tracker_create(tracker_type)
  else:
   if tracker_type == 'BOOSTING':
    self.tracker = cv2.TrackerBoosting_create()
   if tracker_type == 'MIL':
    self.tracker = cv2.TrackerMIL_create()
   if tracker_type == 'KCF':
    self.tracker = cv2.TrackerKCF_create()
   if tracker_type == 'TLD':
    self.tracker = cv2.TrackerTLD_create()
   if tracker_type == 'MEDIANFLOW':
    self.tracker = cv2.TrackerMedianFlow_create()
   if tracker_type == 'GOTURN':
    self.tracker = cv2.TrackerGOTURN_create()
 def initWorking(self,frame,box):
  '''
  追蹤器工作初始化
  frame:初始化追蹤畫面
  box:追蹤的區域
  '''
  if not self.tracker:
   raise Exception("追蹤器未初始化")
  status = self.tracker.init(frame,box)
  if not status:
   raise Exception("追蹤器工作初始化失敗")
  self.coord = box
  self.isWorking = True
 def track(self,frame):
  '''
  開啟追蹤
  '''
  message = None
  if self.isWorking:
   status,self.coord = self.tracker.update(frame)
   if status:
    message = {"coord":[((int(self.coord[0]),int(self.coord[1])),(int(self.coord[0] + self.coord[2]),int(self.coord[1] + self.coord[3])))]}
    if self.draw_coord:
     p1 = (int(self.coord[0]),int(self.coord[1]))
     p2 = (int(self.coord[0] + self.coord[2]),int(self.coord[1] + self.coord[3]))
     cv2.rectangle(frame,p1,p2,1)
     message['msg'] = "is tracking"
  return MessageItem(frame,message)
class ObjectTracker(object):
 def __init__(self,dataSet):
  self.cascade = cv2.CascadeClassifier(dataSet)
 def track(self,frame):
  gray = cv2.cvtColor(frame,cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
  faces = self.cascade.detectMultiScale(gray,1.03,5)
  for (x,h) in faces:
   cv2.rectangle(frame,(x,y+h),(0,255),2)
  return frame
if __name__ == '__main__' :
# tracker_types = ['BOOSTING','GOTURN']
 tracker = Tracker(tracker_type="KCF")
# video = cv2.VideoCapture(0)
# video = cv2.VideoCapture("complex1.mov")
 video = cv2.VideoCapture(r"/Users/youxinlin/Desktop/video_data/complex1.MOV") 
 ok,frame = video.read()
 bbox = cv2.selectROI(frame,False)
 tracker.initWorking(frame,bbox)
 while True:
  _,frame = video.read();
  if(_):
   item = tracker.track(frame);
   cv2.imshow("track",item.getFrame())
   k = cv2.waitKey(1) & 0xff
   if k == 27:
    break

附帶items.py,放在同個資料夾下:

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Sun Jan 5 17:51:04 2020
@author: youxinlin
"""
import json
from utils import IOUtil
'''
資訊封裝類
'''
class MessageItem(object):
 #用於封裝資訊的類,包含圖片和其他資訊
 def __init__(self,message):
  self._frame = frame
  self._message = message
 def getFrame(self):
  #圖片資訊
  return self._frame
 def getMessage(self):
  #文字資訊,json格式
  return self._message
 def getBase64Frame(self):
  #返回base64格式的圖片,將BGR影象轉化為RGB影象
  jepg = IOUtil.array_to_bytes(self._frame[...,::-1])
  return IOUtil.bytes_to_base64(jepg)
 def getBase64FrameByte(self):
  #返回base64格式圖片的bytes
  return bytes(self.getBase64Frame())
 def getJson(self):
  #獲得json資料格式
  dicdata = {"frame":self.getBase64Frame().decode(),"message":self.getMessage()}
  return json.dumps(dicdata)
 def getBinaryFrame(self):
  return IOUtil.array_to_bytes(self._frame[...,::-1])

utils.py:也放在同一個資料夾下。

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Sun Jan 5 17:51:40 2020
@author: youxinlin
"""
import time
import numpy
import base64
import os
import logging
import sys
from PIL import Image
from io import BytesIO
#工具類
class IOUtil(object):
 #流操作工具類
 @staticmethod
 def array_to_bytes(pic,formatter="jpeg",quality=70):
  '''
  靜態方法,將numpy陣列轉化二進位制流
  :param pic: numpy陣列
  :param format: 圖片格式
  :param quality:壓縮比,壓縮比越高,產生的二進位制資料越短
  :return: 
  '''
  stream = BytesIO()
  picture = Image.fromarray(pic)
  picture.save(stream,format=formatter,quality=quality)
  jepg = stream.getvalue()
  stream.close()
  return jepg
 @staticmethod
 def bytes_to_base64(byte):
  '''
  靜態方法,bytes轉base64編碼
  :param byte: 
  :return: 
  '''
  return base64.b64encode(byte)
 @staticmethod
 def transport_rgb(frame):
  '''
  將bgr影象轉化為rgb影象,或者將rgb影象轉化為bgr影象
  '''
  return frame[...,::-1]
 @staticmethod
 def byte_to_package(bytes,cmd,var=1):
  '''
  將每一幀的圖片流的二進位制資料進行分包
  :param byte: 二進位制檔案
  :param cmd:命令
  :return: 
  '''
  head = [ver,len(byte),cmd]
  headPack = struct.pack("!3I",*head)
  senddata = headPack+byte
  return senddata
 @staticmethod
 def mkdir(filePath):
  '''
  建立資料夾
  '''
  if not os.path.exists(filePath):
   os.mkdir(filePath)
 @staticmethod
 def countCenter(box):
  '''
  計算一個矩形的中心
  '''
  return (int(abs(box[0][0] - box[1][0])*0.5) + box[0][0],int(abs(box[0][1] - box[1][1])*0.5) +box[0][1])
 @staticmethod
 def countBox(center):
  '''
  根據兩個點計算出,x,c,r
  '''
  return (center[0][0],center[0][1],center[1][0]-center[0][0],center[1][1]-center[0][1])
 @staticmethod
 def getImageFileName():
  return time.strftime("%Y_%m_%d_%H_%M_%S",time.localtime())+'.png'

多目標跟蹤:

和單目標差不多,改用MultiTracker_create()

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Sun Jan 5 18:02:33 2020

目標跟蹤

@author: youxinlin
"""import numpy as np
import cv2
import sys
'''
if len(sys.argv) != 2:
 print('Input video name is missing')
 exit()
'''
print('Select multiple tracking targets') 
cv2.namedWindow("tracking")
camera = cv2.VideoCapture(r"/Users/youxinlin/Desktop/video_data/complex6.MOV") 
#camera = cv2.VideoCapture(0)
tracker = cv2.MultiTracker_create() #多目標跟蹤
a= cv2.Tracker_c
init_once = False
ok,image=camera.read()
if not ok:
 print('Failed to read video')
 exit()
bbox1 = cv2.selectROI('tracking',image)
bbox2 = cv2.selectROI('tracking',image)
bbox3 = cv2.selectROI('tracking',image)
while camera.isOpened():
 ok,image=camera.read()
 if not ok:
  print ('no image to read')
  break
 if not init_once:
  ok = tracker.add(cv2.TrackerKCF_create(),image,bbox1)
  ok = tracker.add(cv2.TrackerKCF_create( ),bbox2)
  ok = tracker.add(cv2.TrackerKCF_create(),bbox3)
  init_once = True
 ok,boxes = tracker.update(image)
 for newbox in boxes:
  p1 = (int(newbox[0]),int(newbox[1]))
  p2 = (int(newbox[0] + newbox[2]),int(newbox[1] + newbox[3]))
  cv2.rectangle(image,255))
 cv2.imshow('tracking',image)
 k = cv2.waitKey(1)
 if k == 27 : break # esc pressed

多尺度檢測的KCF、自定義所用特徵的KCF

在一些場景下,不想使用預設的hog特徵跟蹤,或需要對比不同特徵的跟蹤效果,那麼封裝好的方法似乎不可用,需要可以自己擼一波kcf的程式碼,從而使用自己設定的特徵。

總結

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