動態呼叫WebService的兩種方法(多執行緒)
轉載:https://blog.csdn.net/huanglan513/article/details/46930393
在.net中,可以新增Web 引用來新增WebService,但是這種方法的缺陷是當WebService內的方法一變動,引用的系統這邊就必須更新引用,重新編譯,再發布,是不是很麻煩?也未可預知?
那麼就使用動態呼叫WebService吧!
第1種,具體步驟:
1. 從目標 URL 下載 WSDL 資料。
2. 使用 ServiceDescription 建立和格式化 WSDL 文件檔案。
3. 使用 ServiceDescriptionImporter 建立客戶端代理類。
4. 使用 CodeDom 動態建立客戶端代理類程式集。
5. 利用反射呼叫相關 WebService 方法。
程式碼如下:
/// <summary>
/// 在.Net環境 下,最常用的方法就是採用代理類來呼叫WebService,可以通過改變代理類的Url屬性來實現動態呼叫,
/// 但當xmlns改變時就會出錯,似乎要重新 繫結Webservice並重新編譯後才能再次執行。
/// 此法子是一種動態編譯並動態呼叫WebService的方式,這種方法效率低,而且需要有較高 的許可權,否則編譯失敗。
/// 此法子的缺陷。。。。。都是淚啊。。。多執行緒下執行第二次就報錯:無法從名稱空間“****”匯入繫結“SyncToContractDataCenterSoap”
/// </summary>
public class WebServiceHelper2
{
#region InvokeWebService
//動態呼叫web服務
public object InvokeWebService(string url, string methodname, object[] args)
{
return InvokeWebService(url, null, methodname, args);
}
public object InvokeWebService(string url, string classname, string methodname, object[] args)
{
string @namespace = "TransactionDataSync.Common";
if ((classname == null) || (classname == ""))
{
classname = GetWsClassName(url);
}
try
{
//獲取WSDL
WebClient wc = new WebClient();
Stream stream = wc.OpenRead(url + "?wsdl");
ServiceDescription sd = ServiceDescription.Read(stream);
ServiceDescriptionImporter sdi = new ServiceDescriptionImporter();
sdi.AddServiceDescription(sd, "", "");
CodeNamespace cn = new CodeNamespace(@namespace);
//生成客戶端代理類程式碼
CodeCompileUnit ccu = new CodeCompileUnit();
ccu.Namespaces.Add(cn);
sdi.Import(cn, ccu);
// CSharpCodeProvider csc = new CSharpCodeProvider();
// ICodeCompiler icc = csc.CreateCompiler();
CodeDomProvider provider = CodeDomProvider.CreateProvider("CSharp");
//設定編譯引數
CompilerParameters cplist = new CompilerParameters();
cplist.GenerateExecutable = false;
cplist.GenerateInMemory = true;
cplist.ReferencedAssemblies.Add("System.dll");
cplist.ReferencedAssemblies.Add("System.XML.dll");
cplist.ReferencedAssemblies.Add("System.Web.Services.dll");
cplist.ReferencedAssemblies.Add("System.Data.dll");
//編譯代理類
CompilerResults cr = provider.CompileAssemblyFromDom(cplist, ccu);
// CompilerResults cr = icc.CompileAssemblyFromDom(cplist, ccu);
if (true == cr.Errors.HasErrors)
{
System.Text.StringBuilder sb = new System.Text.StringBuilder();
foreach (System.CodeDom.Compiler.CompilerError ce in cr.Errors)
{
sb.Append(ce.ToString());
sb.Append(System.Environment.NewLine);
}
throw new Exception(sb.ToString());
}
//生成代理例項,並呼叫方法
System.Reflection.Assembly assembly = cr.CompiledAssembly;
Type t = assembly.GetType(@namespace + "." + classname, true, true);
object obj = Activator.CreateInstance(t);
System.Reflection.MethodInfo mi = t.GetMethod(methodname);
return mi.Invoke(obj, args);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Logger.Error(string.Format("{0} {1} {2} {3}", url, methodname, ex.Message, ex.StackTrace));
throw new Exception(ex.InnerException.Message, new Exception(ex.InnerException.StackTrace));
}
}
public object CreateWebServiceInstance(string url, string packageName, out Type t)
{
return CreateWebServiceInstance(url, null,packageName, out t);
}
public object CreateWebServiceInstance(string url, string classname,string packageName,out Type t)
{
string @namespace = "TransactionDataSync.Common."+packageName;
if ((classname == null) || (classname == ""))
{
classname = GetWsClassName(url);
}
Stream stream = null;
try
{
//獲取WSDL
WebClient wc = new WebClient();
stream = wc.OpenRead(url + "?WSDL");
ServiceDescription sd = ServiceDescription.Read(stream);
ServiceDescriptionImporter sdi = new ServiceDescriptionImporter();
sdi.AddServiceDescription(sd, "", "");
CodeNamespace cn = new CodeNamespace(@namespace);
//生成客戶端代理類程式碼
CodeCompileUnit ccu = new CodeCompileUnit();
ccu.Namespaces.Add(cn);
sdi.Import(cn, ccu);
// CSharpCodeProvider csc = new CSharpCodeProvider();
// ICodeCompiler icc = csc.CreateCompiler();
CodeDomProvider provider = CodeDomProvider.CreateProvider("CSharp");
//設定編譯引數
CompilerParameters cplist = new CompilerParameters();
cplist.GenerateExecutable = false;
cplist.GenerateInMemory = true;
cplist.ReferencedAssemblies.Add("System.dll");
cplist.ReferencedAssemblies.Add("System.XML.dll");
cplist.ReferencedAssemblies.Add("System.Web.Services.dll");
cplist.ReferencedAssemblies.Add("System.Data.dll");
//編譯代理類
CompilerResults cr = provider.CompileAssemblyFromDom(cplist, ccu);
// CompilerResults cr = icc.CompileAssemblyFromDom(cplist, ccu);
if (true == cr.Errors.HasErrors)
{
System.Text.StringBuilder sb = new System.Text.StringBuilder();
foreach (System.CodeDom.Compiler.CompilerError ce in cr.Errors)
{
sb.Append(ce.ToString());
sb.Append(System.Environment.NewLine);
}
throw new Exception(sb.ToString());
}
//生成代理例項
System.Reflection.Assembly assembly = cr.CompiledAssembly;
t = assembly.GetType(@namespace + "." + classname, true, true);
object obj = Activator.CreateInstance(t);
return obj;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Logger.Error(string.Format("{0} {1} {2}", url, ex.Message, ex.StackTrace));
if(stream!=null)
{
stream.Close();
stream.Dispose();
}
throw ex;
}
}
public object InvokeMethod(object obj, Type t, string methodname, object[] args)
{
try
{
System.Reflection.MethodInfo mi = t.GetMethod(methodname);
return mi.Invoke(obj, args);
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
Logger.Error(string.Format("{0} {1} {2}", methodname, ex.Message, ex.StackTrace));
throw ex;
}
}
private string GetWsClassName(string wsUrl)
{
string[] parts = wsUrl.Split('/');
string[] pps = parts[parts.Length - 1].Split('.');
return pps[0];
}
#endregion
呼叫時的程式碼:
object instance = WebServiceHelper2.CreateWebServiceInstance(addr.Url,name, out t);
DataSet dsContract = WebServiceHelper2.InvokeMethod(instance, t, "GetContractData", new object[]{authorizationCode}) as DataSet;
缺陷:
每次呼叫WebService,都需要動態建立客戶端代理類程式集,然後利用反射去呼叫方法,每次都這樣啊,是不是很耗效能?特別是後臺服務中調WebService,1小時執行一次,是不是很無語。。。。
正常情況下,調一個WebService是不成問題的,可是在多執行緒下,每個執行緒調一個WebService(都是不同URL的WebService),只有在編譯後調第一遍是正常的,再調就報錯啊,無法從名稱空間“****”匯入繫結“SyncToContractDataCenterSoap”,或者是呼叫目標異常,坑爹啊
第2種動態呼叫的法子:利用WebRequest/WebResponse進行WebService呼叫的類
動態呼叫的類如下:
using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Data;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Text;
using System.Xml;
using System.Xml.Serialization;
namespace TransactionDataSync.Common
{
/// <summary>
/// 利用WebRequest/WebResponse進行WebService呼叫的類
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// 作成者:cyf
/// </remarks>
public class WebServiceCaller
{
//快取xmlNamespace,避免重複呼叫GetNamespace
private static Hashtable XML_NAMESPACE = new Hashtable();
/// <summary>
/// 通過SOAP協議動態呼叫webservice
/// </summary>
/// <param name="url"> webservice地址</param>
/// <param name="methodName"> 呼叫方法名</param>
/// <param name="pars"> 引數表</param>
/// <returns> 結果集xml</returns>
public static XmlDocument QuerySoapWebService(String url, String methodName, Hashtable pars)
{
if (XML_NAMESPACE.ContainsKey(url))
{ // 名字空間在快取中存在時,讀取快取,然後執行呼叫
return QuerySoapWebService(url, methodName, pars, XML_NAMESPACE[url].ToString());
}
else
{
// 名字空間不存在時直接從wsdl的請求中讀取名字空間,然後執行呼叫
return QuerySoapWebService(url, methodName, pars, GetNamespace(url));
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 通過SOAP協議動態呼叫webservice
/// </summary>
/// <param name="url"> webservice地址</param>
/// <param name="methodName"> 呼叫方法名</param>
/// <param name="pars"> 引數表</param>
/// <param name="xmlNs"> 名字空間</param>
/// <returns> 結果集</returns>
private static XmlDocument QuerySoapWebService(String url, String methodName, Hashtable pars, string xmlNs)
{
XML_NAMESPACE[url] = xmlNs;//加入快取,提高效率
// 獲取請求物件
HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(url);
// 設定請求head
request.Method = "POST";
request.ContentType = "text/xml; charset=utf-8";
request.Headers.Add("SOAPAction", "\"" + xmlNs + (xmlNs.EndsWith("/") ? "" : "/") + methodName + "\"");
// 設定請求身份
SetWebRequest(request);
// 獲取soap協議
byte[] data = EncodeParsToSoap(pars, xmlNs, methodName);
// 將soap協議寫入請求
WriteRequestData(request, data);
XmlDocument returnDoc = new XmlDocument();
XmlDocument returnValueDoc = new XmlDocument();
// 讀取服務端響應
returnDoc = ReadXmlResponse(request.GetResponse());
XmlNamespaceManager mgr = new XmlNamespaceManager(returnDoc.NameTable);
mgr.AddNamespace("soap", "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/");
// 返回結果
string RetXml= returnDoc.SelectSingleNode("//soap:Body/*/*", mgr).InnerXml;
returnValueDoc.LoadXml("<root>" + RetXml + "</root>");
AddDelaration(returnValueDoc);
/* System.Data.DataSet ds = new System.Data.DataSet();
XmlNodeReader reader = new XmlNodeReader(returnValueDoc);
ds.ReadXml(reader);*/
// return returnValueDoc.OuterXml;
return returnValueDoc;
}
/// <summary>
/// 獲取wsdl中的名字空間
/// </summary>
/// <param name="url"> wsdl地址</param>
/// <returns> 名字空間</returns>
private static string GetNamespace(String url)
{
// 建立wsdl請求物件,並從中讀取名字空間
HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url + "?WSDL");
SetWebRequest(request);
WebResponse response = request.GetResponse();
StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.UTF8);
XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
doc.LoadXml(sr.ReadToEnd());
sr.Close();
return doc.SelectSingleNode("//@targetNamespace").Value;
}
/// <summary>
/// 加入soapheader節點
/// </summary>
/// <param name="doc"> soap文件</param>
private static void InitSoapHeader(XmlDocument doc)
{
// 新增soapheader節點
XmlElement soapHeader = doc.CreateElement("soap", "Header", "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/");
//XmlElement soapId = doc.CreateElement("userid");
//soapId.InnerText = ID;
//XmlElement soapPwd = doc.CreateElement("userpwd");
//soapPwd.InnerText = PWD;
//soapHeader.AppendChild(soapId);
//soapHeader.AppendChild(soapPwd);
doc.ChildNodes[0].AppendChild(soapHeader);
}
/// <summary>
/// 將以位元組陣列的形式返回soap協議
/// </summary>
/// <param name="pars"> 引數表</param>
/// <param name="xmlNs"> 名字空間</param>
/// <param name="methodName"> 方法名</param>
/// <returns> 位元組陣列</returns>
private static byte[] EncodeParsToSoap(Hashtable pars, String xmlNs, String methodName)
{
XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
// 構建soap文件
doc.LoadXml("<soap:Envelope xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance/\" xmlns:xsd=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema\" xmlns:soap=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/\"></soap:Envelope>");
// 加入soapbody節點
InitSoapHeader(doc);
// 建立soapbody節點
XmlElement soapBody = doc.CreateElement("soap", "Body", "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/");
// 根據要呼叫的方法建立一個方法節點
XmlElement soapMethod = doc.CreateElement(methodName);
soapMethod.SetAttribute("xmlns", xmlNs);
// 遍歷引數表中的引數鍵
foreach (string key in pars.Keys)
{
// 根據引數表中的鍵值對,生成一個引數節點,並加入方法節點內
XmlElement soapPar = doc.CreateElement(key);
soapPar.InnerXml = ObjectToSoapXml(pars[key]);
soapMethod.AppendChild(soapPar);
}
// soapbody節點中加入方法節點
soapBody.AppendChild(soapMethod);
// soap文件中加入soapbody節點
doc.DocumentElement.AppendChild(soapBody);
// 新增宣告
AddDelaration(doc);
// 傳入的引數有DataSet型別,必須在序列化後的XML中的diffgr:diffgram/NewDataSet節點加xmlns='' 否則無法取到每行的記錄。
XmlNode node = doc.DocumentElement.SelectSingleNode("//NewDataSet");
if (node != null)
{
XmlAttribute attr = doc.CreateAttribute("xmlns");
attr.InnerText = "";
node.Attributes.Append(attr);
}
// 以位元組陣列的形式返回soap文件
return Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(doc.OuterXml);
}
/// <summary>
/// 將引數物件中的內容取出
/// </summary>
/// <param name="o">引數值物件</param>
/// <returns>字元型值物件</returns>
private static string ObjectToSoapXml(object o)
{
XmlSerializer mySerializer = new XmlSerializer(o.GetType());
MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream();
mySerializer.Serialize(ms, o);
XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
doc.LoadXml(Encoding.UTF8.GetString(ms.ToArray()));
if (doc.DocumentElement != null)
{
return doc.DocumentElement.InnerXml;
}
else
{
return o.ToString();
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 設定請求身份
/// </summary>
/// <param name="request"> 請求</param>
private static void SetWebRequest(HttpWebRequest request)
{
request.Credentials = CredentialCache.DefaultCredentials;
//request.Timeout = 10000;
}
/// <summary>
/// 將soap協議寫入請求
/// </summary>
/// <param name="request"> 請求</param>
/// <param name="data"> soap協議</param>
private static void WriteRequestData(HttpWebRequest request, byte[] data)
{
request.ContentLength = data.Length;
Stream writer = request.GetRequestStream();
writer.Write(data, 0, data.Length);
writer.Close();
}
/// <summary>
/// 將響應物件讀取為xml物件
/// </summary>
/// <param name="response"> 響應物件</param>
/// <returns> xml物件</returns>
private static XmlDocument ReadXmlResponse(WebResponse response)
{
StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.UTF8);
String retXml = sr.ReadToEnd();
sr.Close();
XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
doc.LoadXml(retXml);
return doc;
}
/// <summary>
/// 給xml文件新增宣告
/// </summary>
/// <param name="doc"> xml文件</param>
private static void AddDelaration(XmlDocument doc)
{
XmlDeclaration decl = doc.CreateXmlDeclaration("1.0", "utf-8", null);
doc.InsertBefore(decl, doc.DocumentElement);
}
public static String QuerySoapWebServiceString(String url, String methodName, Hashtable pars)
{
XmlDocument doc = QuerySoapWebService(url, methodName, pars);
return doc.InnerText;
}
public static DataSet QuerySoapWebServiceDataSet(String url, String methodName, Hashtable pars)
{
XmlDocument doc = QuerySoapWebService(url, methodName, pars);
System.Data.DataSet ds = new System.Data.DataSet();
using (XmlNodeReader reader = new XmlNodeReader(doc))
{
ds.ReadXml(reader);
}
return ds;
}
}
}
使用時的呼叫如下:
Hashtable htParms = new Hashtable();
htParms.Add("authorizationCode", authCode);
DataSet dsComm = WebServiceCaller.QuerySoapWebServiceDataSet(url, "GetReceivedCommissionData", htParms);
或者
DataSet dsSelected = new DataSet();
dsSelected.Tables.Add(dtSelected); //需要返回給業務系統的資料集,表示哪些資料已收集
Hashtable htParms = new Hashtable();
htParms.Add("authorizationCode", addr.AuthorizationCode);
htParms.Add("dsData", dtSelected);
string result = WebServiceCaller.QuerySoapWebServiceString(url, methodName, htParms);//傳入的引數是一個String型別和一個DataSet型別
動態呼叫時用的是Soap協議的方式來請求的,而不是Http Post,因為當WebService中的方法傳入引數中有DataSet型別,將無法用Http Post方式請求,只能用Soap。
在多執行緒中,同時調多個WebService,此種方法不會報錯。因此我選擇了它。。。。
---------------------
作者:莫疏
來源:CSDN
原文:https://blog.csdn.net/huanglan513/article/details/46930393
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